CULTURAL QA03-2021-09 Being a compilation there may be errors
Q1 The temperature ofEarth's core is similar to that of the Sun's surface. Why doesn't the heat comeout in all directions, other than through volcanoes, and heat up the surfaceenormously? A1 David Joyce UpdatedSeptember 13, 2018 Physics · Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at ClarkUniversity Earth's interior is hot because of radioactive decay of uranium andthorium and their chain of radioactive decay particles. The core of the earth is hot. Enough time has elapsed since theformation of earth so that the temperatures at various depths are stable. Enough heat is escaping upward and out to thesurface of the earth to keep it from either heating up inside or cooling offinside. (Over a verylong time, it will cool off, but since the half-life of 238U is 4.5 billion years, the earth still has half as much uranium as it didwhen it was formed.) The reason the center of theearth is still hot is that that it takes so long for the heat to rise to thesurface. First it passes upthrough the solid inner core without convection (no motion of the solid core),then up through the liquid outer core with the help of currents, then upthrough the cooler mantle. Somedoes come out through volcanos while the rest flows very slowly up everywhere. The crust is something like a blanket, so where it's tearing, there aremore volcanos. >From Smithsonian, 26-Apr-2013: The Center of the Earth Is as Hot as theSun, >center of the earth at 10,800° F. In the 1800's before radioactivity was understood, the models of theearth had no new heat sources. Since the only heat in those models was from it'screation, those models predicted the age of the earth to be in the tens or lowhundreds of millions of years. Physicists claimed the earth was that young. Butbiologists and many geologists argued it had to be many hundreds of millions oreven billions of years old to explain the formation of rocks and fossils. For ahistory of that, see Lawrence Badash's Scientific American article The Age ofthe Earth Debate. Q2 Can two things lookdifferent but be the same? A2 2 Answers Diksha Lakhnotra, lives in Jammu City, Jammu and Kashmir, India AnsweredMarch 6-2021Yes, Emoji and emoticon :— An emoticon use characters that you can type,while an emoji is a graphic image. Poison and venom:— Venomous creatures bite, sting or stab you to dotheir damage, while you have bite or touch the poisonous critters to feel theireffect. Jam and jelly:— Jellyis made up of crushing fruit and removing all of its bits and pieces, leaving aspread with a smooth consistency whereas jam crushes the fruit too, but leavesthe small fruit pieces and fibres in the mix. Avinash Dhumane Answered March 62021 Yes. The so-called Head andHeart. They aren’t different but one and the same entity. That is, when youreject Head and follow Heart, you are in self-conflict. Q3 What is the mostmisunderstood event from the life of Lord Hanuman? A3 Prashant M Oswal UpdatedApril 19, 2020 Designing Homes in Pune After the annihilation of Ravana, Rama asked Hanuman how he would like tobe thanked for his services. He answered, "My lord, let me spend the rest of my days in yourservice." Rama gladly accepted the request. Thus Hanuman tooboarded the chariot, that was to take Rama and his entourage back to theirnative Ayodhya. On the way however, Hanumanthought of visiting his mother Anjana who lived on a mountain nearby. Rama and all other members of the party too werecurious to meet Hanuman's mother and hence the chariot was diverted to herdwelling. On reaching the place Hanuman approached his mother whose happiness knewno bounds. She embraced her bundle of joy. All others present too bowed inreverence to the mother of Hanuman. The worthy son narrated to her the entire sequence ofevents ending with Ravana's death on the battlefield. Surprisingly, his wordsdid not please his mother but rather she became remorseful and addressedHanuman thus: "My giving birth to you has been in vain, and feeding you with mymilk has been of no avail." On hearing her strange words all becamepanicky and were left speechless. Hanuman too stared at her in muteincomprehension.After a brief pause she continued with her tirade: "Shameon your strength and valour. Did you not have enough power to uproot Ravana'scity of vice Lanka on your own? Could you not have annihilated the ten-headedmonster and his army yourself? If you were not strong enough to do so it wouldhave been better if you had at least perished yourself in fighting him. I regret the fact that eventhough you were alive Lord Rama had to build a perilous bridge of stones overthe turbulent ocean to reach Lanka and had to fight the massive army ofdemons and thus suffer a great ordeal in order to recover his beloved Sita.Indeed, the nourishment my breast has given you has proved to be unfruitful. Goaway and don't ever show me your face again." She was obviously referring tothe instance when Hanuman was deputed to go and search for Sita in the city of Lanka. Only when he had confirmedSita's presence in Ravana's custody could a formal battle be launched to rescueher. Hanuman not only brought news of her wretched condition in captivity butalso during his brief visit managed to burn down the whole city and thus gaveRavana an inkling of the times to come. Anjana's annoyance stemmed from the fact that even thoughHanuman was supremely capable of bringing back Sita on his own during thatvisit itself, he did not do so and much effort had to be expendedlater to accomplish the mission. Hence was she trembling with wrath. With folded hands Hanuman addressedher: "O Great Mother, no way have I compromised on the sacred worth ofyour milk. I am but a mere servant. During that visit I had beeninstructed only to search for Sita and not kill Ravana. Had I done so of my ownaccord it would have amounted to overstepping my brief. I therefore actedscrupulously and kept my word." In fact, Hanuman had asked Sita, when hemet her in Ravana 's captivity, whether she would prefer to be rescued by himat that very moment. She replied in the negative stressing thatit was her husband's duty to liberate her and Rama himself would have to come andtake her back. The entire gathering corroborated Hanuman's version and much mollifiedhis distressed mother. Shespoke to him affectionately: "Dear son I never knew all this but now thatI do it is comforting that my milk has indeed borne abundant fruit." Jai Shree Ram. Eternally yours. Mysterious and Inspiring Stories ofHanuman Ji Q4 Why don’t we use Shreebefore Shiva like Shree Hanuman or Shree Ram? A3 Annonymous, lives in India Because, Shri in case of ram ,vishnu n krishna is used to denote that they are essense of vedas. Same is Ganesha who is supposed to be essenceof all vedas. Shiva’s signifies the sky; theall pervading infinity which hasno limits, and no shape. He is unborn as the source of Everything he is thefather of all. But he is beyond all these. Shiva means the formless NirgunaBrahman, which with the shakti emerges into time and space. Hence if I willwrite shiva as he only itwill be very awkward to call Shiva as he, He is both He and She, container ofboth the quality. The name Shiva depicts The i in it is as Ikaar or thefeminism in it. nirgun Braham with ikaar (shakti) emerges in to time and spacetherefore called Shiva. Also Shiva the basic tattva is beyond the materials orillusion(Maya) of the world.Sri is given to Gods who concern with maya ,butShiva breaks all the illusion therefore is beyond Sri. Q5 Why did Yudhisthira went alive in heaven? A5 Bhanu Kiran 8-2-2021 Mahabharata(Hindu epic) · Exploring ancient texts of Sanatana Dharma Yudhisthira did not go alive to heaven. He castedoff his mortal body before entering the heaven. Having bathed in the celestial river Ganga, sacred and sanctifying andever adored by the Rishis, he cast off his human body. Assuming then acelestial form, king Yudhishthira the just, in consequence of that bath, becamedivested of all his enmities and grief. Surrounded by the deities, the Kuru king Yudhishthirathen proceeded from that spot. [1] Exact same thing is mentioned in Bibek Debroy’s translation of BORI CE.Thesacred and divine river Ganga purifies everything and is praised by the rishis.The king bathed there andgave up his human body. Dharmaraja Yudhishthira assumed a divine form.Having bathed in those waters, he was without enmity and without torment. Ref: Mahabharata translated by Bibek Debroy Svargarohana Parva Chapter1993(3) Q6 Why do some countries use200+V electricity considering that 120V is far safer and countries which use120V have safer electrical grids? A6 Simon Khoury UpdatedFebruary 24-2021.Technology · Been into tech since I was 4, now I'm 10 timesolder. I think safer isn't exactly a given here. Electrical grids in countries that use 120V domestic sockets do notoperate on 120V. Theyusually use 240V local cabling split into 2x120V phases and a neutral orground. This enables them to have 240V by connecting the 2 phasesacross a device like an oven/dryer/EV charger or 120V from one phase referencedto neutral/ground. Countries with 220V domestic supply are supplied by 220V on asingle-phase, but usually, three phases are available giving industrial/commercialcustomers 380V supply by combining phases within devices like motors.Whilst 120V versus 220–240V isless likely to cause a fatal shock (builders here in the UK oftenuse 120V equipment via isolating transformers for better site safety) thecurrent carried by 120V devices is higher often 20amps or more whereas Euro220V domestic appliances are 16amps max and UK 240V appliances are 13amps max. This reduces the chance of anelectrical fire due to poor, high resistance contacts, worn cables or plugs andoverloading of extension leads. So as you can see the majorityof the world runs on the 220–240V 50hz system. Can we all be wrong? I am sure the history of this is fascinating but I haven't uncovered muchof it. What is clear is that if a world standard were to be adopted 220V 50hzwould be it. My note- I have read elsewhere for using 120V the distribution conductorshave to be very thick. Q7 How can waves turn rock into sand? A7 Krish Rana 12-3-2021 Whenever waves smash onto rocks the water takes away some rock particleswith it which people call sand or dust depending on size of particle. I guessgeologist call it weathering. It is just like how wind takes away your skin cells with it which formsdust. Q8 why we do not realiserotation of earth? A8 James Lewis Nance9-3-2021 .MS in Electrical Engineering, North Carolina (state) (Graduated 1991) How does the Earth spin so fast but we don't notice? I notice that we have day and night. I notice that we have tides. Inotice that the weather moves along the prevailing winds. So there are things to notice. Perhaps you mean why don’t we notice we are standing on a planet who’slinear velocity is approximately 1000 mph at the equator? Why don’t we noticewe are moving that fast? Well, linear motion is relative. Aslong as everything else is moving along at 1000 mph as well, you have no way ofknowing that you’re moving that fast. But our motion isn’t simply linear (in a straight line.) The earth spins,so our motion is angular. Angular motion isn’t relative, you can tell you’re spinningbecause spinning involves acceleration. The thing is, from an angularperspective we spin very slowly, just one revolution per day. The humanbody can’t sense that, but it’s possible to build equipment that does. If you’ve seen a Foucault pendulum ticking away it’s markers, you’ve seenthe effects of the earth spinning.Basically the earth spins under the pendulum,causing the plan of it’s arc to traverse a circle. There used to be one at theSmithonian[1] museum of natural history, prior to 1998. I remember seeing it asa kid. Footnotes [1] How Does Foucault's Pendulum Prove the Earth Rotates? Q9 Why we shouldn’t reuse our disposable water bottles. A9 I know most of us havethought that it’d be better to reuse a plastic water bottle. After all thatwould help in saving the planet, and correct our slip-up of buying one, right? Well, it’s better to skip out on buying the plastic water bottles in thefirst place. Reusing plastic water bottles can put you at risk for a lot more germsand bacteria than you might think. The wear and tear and overuse of a bottle that was meant to be used once, leaves spaces for bacteria to sneak in. All those cracks and worn lines in the bottle? Yeah, those are now goingto be a hub for bacteria every time you refill. You might think you’re safe from bacteria when you ‘upgrade’ and switchto a sturdier, plastic, reusable waterbottle—but the risk is still there.Not only can the plastic break down over time, BPA tends to lurk in polycarbonate plastic, which is the type ofplastic used in these ‘reusable’ water bottles. Your safest bet would be to switch to a different material altogether. For example, glass water bottles wouldn’t give a weird tasting flavor toyour water, and can withstand many washes. They won’t scratch and leave tiny cracks in the bottle for bacteria tocollect in, therefore making it a solid candidate. Stainless-steel reusable water bottles will work as well if you want a way to keep your water cool andfresh. Water is super healthy for you, and we all need it—just make sure youaren’t being harmed by what you’re putting into your body. Q10 What are some amazingfacts about the Indian Railways? A10 Shivani 10-3-2021 Tunnel no.33 on Kalka-Shimla line, which is the longest straight tunnelin the world, is said to be haunted. Col. Barog was assigned the job of constructing this tunnel, hiscalculations went wrong and caused the exchequer losses. He was fined ₹1 for his mistake. He couldn’t bearthis blot on his professional career so one day he took his dog on a walk inthis tunnel and shot himself. Post the death of Col. Barog,Col. Harrington was entrusted with this job. He too couldn’t complete the tunnelbecause of miscalculations. Finally, they sought help from a spiritualist Baba Bhalku who told themexactly where and how to proceed with the task, after which the job wascomplete. There is now a Baba Bhalku rail museum near Shimla station. Barog station, named after Col.Barog, still to this day houses acafeteria place where the British women and folks would spend their time. Theydeemed it to be the perfect place away from the hot plains of Punjab and fromthe harsh cold of Shimla. Kalka-Shimla hill railwaysstill uses the British madeequipment of passing tokens to up and down trains. There is a small metal ball(the “token”) which is given to the loco pilot in-hand, acting as an approvalsignal to proceed to the next station. It is also given to the loco pilot ofthe train coming from the opposite direction; until that happens, the trainscannot move. That is when there is delay and long stoppages at certain stops asthey are waiting to get their tokens. This equipment is present at every station on thekalka-shimla line and they say “Made in London”. There are a pre-determinednumber of seats reserved for last minute VIP reservation requests from high placed govt. officials. If these seats areunclaimed they are then allotted to the general public on the waiting list. Ghum station which comes beforeDarjeeling is the highest station in India. It’s a beautiful station and is right on the road. If you have travelled inDarjeeling Hill Railways, you’ll know a lot of their stations and the route aresimply on common traffic roads. Batasia loop on the DHR was notbuilt for aesthetics. It was an engineering requirement. From Ghum to Darjeeling, there is an approximate drop of 140ftand a toy train cannot handle this sharp fall directly. Thebatasia loop is considered as a great engineering feat. The trainactually crosses the beginning of the loop again on its exit from the tunnel. All the above QA are based onQuora digest to me on 12-03 - 2021. Quora answers need not be 100% correct answers Compiled and posted by R. Gopala krishnan on 12-3-2021 -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/1093143024.275685.1615561998604%40mail.yahoo.com.
