The credit was given mainly to Fred Hoyle--The Steady State Theory.
YM

On Sat, Mar 13, 2021 at 11:12 AM Rajaram Krishnamurthy <
[email protected]> wrote:

> Pranam
>   you can enlighten or I shall do a little later from my books. Yes
> Narlikar K R IRS 13321
>
> On Fri, 12 Mar 2021 at 15:27, Sithamalli Balasubramanian <
> [email protected]> wrote:
>
>> I think Jayanat Narlikar and his teacher postulated an alternative in
>> 1965, the "Steady State theory:"
>> Skb.
>>
>> On Fri, 12 Mar 2021 at 12:21, Rajaram Krishnamurthy <
>> [email protected]> wrote:
>>
>>> Pranam
>>>
>>> Four Indian scientists challenge Big Bang Theory
>>>
>>> The Big Bang theory was based on observation of the ‘red shift’ in the
>>> light spectrum.   06th March 2021 04:36 AM  |  *Express News Service*
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> 1      BENGALURU: In what could dramatically change the way
>>> astrophysicists look at the birth of the Universe, four Indian scientists,
>>> including one from Bengaluru, have challenged the Big Bang theory related
>>> to its origin. The theory holds that the Universe was born out of a highly
>>> compressed, dense and microscopic point (called singularity) which exploded
>>> with a huge force some 13.8 billion years ago, resulting in everything
>>> arising from that singularity moving outwards in all directions. From this,
>>> all cosmic matter (as we know it today) was formed at different stages
>>> through time until now.
>>>
>>> 2     The Big Bang theory was based on observation of the ‘red shift’
>>> in the light spectrum. The light wavelength emitted from an
>>> astronomical object that is moving away from us exhibits a shift in the
>>> light spectrum (VIBGYOR) towards the red end. The Big Bang theory is
>>> supported by the understanding that the shift of light towards the red band
>>> in the spectrum is continuous and uniform in nature — an indication of all
>>> matter (galaxies and all cosmic matter) moving outwards steadily, but at
>>> great speed.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> 3    Working the outward movement backwards, it would mean that it all
>>> began from a single starting point in the centre of the Universe
>>> (singularity), which is how the Big Bang theory was popularised among
>>> astrophysicists.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> 4    But now, in a research paper published recently in the prestigious
>>> international journal Astronomy & Astrophysics, Prof Sisir Roy from the
>>> National Institute of Advanced Studies (NIAS), Bengaluru; Arindam Mal from
>>> the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Ahmedabad; and Sarbani Palit
>>> and Ujjwal Bhattacharya from the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI),
>>> Kolkata, have revealed *findings contrary to the continuous and uniform
>>> nature of movement of light towards the red band of light in the spectrum —
>>> casting doubts and challenging the Big Bang theory itself.*
>>>
>>> *Big Bang bust? Scientists present robust data *
>>>
>>> The researchers have found that the *red shift does not occur in a
>>> uniform manner, but in recurring stages*, what they refer to as *periodicity
>>> in red shift*. “The red shift in astronomical observation is attributed
>>> to the expanding model of the universe. One such popular model is the Big
>>> Bang model. As the change in wavelength is happening due to the expansion
>>> of the universe, the red shifts are supposed to be continuous and uniform
>>> in nature. On the contrary, our rigorous analysis of the data from Sloan
>>> Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)DR12 showed the existence of periodicity of red
>>> shifts of galaxy and quasar,” Prof Roy told TNIE.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> KR   So is it a wave and particle or no wave at all and nothing? What is
>>> quasar and from where it came rather the existence of quasar. And how Rig
>>> Vedam speaks about it so refined which some 3 speaks to day? Or Shri SKBji
>>> is right?.  KR 12321
>>>
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>>>
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