CULTURAL QA03-2021-13 Being a compilation there may be errors
Q1 Which COVID vaccine willyou take between Covishield and Covaxin? A1 Mohit Kumar, MBBS fromArmed Forces Medical College, Pune (2022) February 26-2021 I got my first Covishield shot today. Although the rate of minor sideeffects like fever, body ache and generalised weakness are high comparable toother vaccines for other illnesses, I haven't developed any. The injection wasn't painful atall thanks to the skilled nursing staff and it was over in a blink of eye. We were kept under a 30 minutes observation periodafter getting the shot to watch for any anaphylactic reaction. The doctors were vaccinated just a few days back and I remember my Orthopaedics professor saying“Keep quiet guys! I got my vaccine yesterday only and today I'm feeling quitemiserable” while taking a class. But not everyone develops sideeffects. In fact, a lot of them don't. One of our non-teaching staff personnel reported only a single episode ofdizziness while getting up from sitting position which lasted only a fewseconds. Perhaps not due to the vaccine itself. We didn't have a choice for thetype of vaccine but getting vaccinated was voluntary. Anyway, Covishield is theOxford AstraZeneca vaccine and I believe it is more reliable than Covaxin. I'm alright as of now. But they say that the symptoms usually develop onthe second day. Let's hope for the best. MK~ Edit: More than half of my batch mates developed fever, weakness and bodyache. Few of them even had headache and vomiting. They got permission to notattend classes and clinics, we call it SIQ (sick in quarters) here. Onedeveloped rashes while one fainted. They were admitted and released in no time.The vaccine is safe. Don'tworry. These are just mild symptoms and nothing major happens.Thankfully, I didn't get to experience any of these. Edit2: Got my 2nd dose two days back. No side effect whatsoever. Evenpeople who had developed AEFIs after first dose came out as normal after thesecond one. MY NOTE – I have taken covi shield vaccine first shot on 11-3-2021 at Hindumission Hospital, Tambaram, Chennai. Being diabetic I took the advice of mynephrologist doctor. Night I had hip and leg pain. I took paracetamol andmorning quite OK. Q2 What happened to Anjana,the mother of Hanuman, after giving birth to him? A2 Devala Rees 16-3-2021 Hindupractitioner and scholar of Pagan religions After giving birth to Hanuman, Anjana and her husband Kesari raised himas his parents. He had a tumultuous childhood, attacking Surya Deva and beingkilled and resurrected by the Gods, harassing Rishis and getting cursed toforget his powers, etc., soI’m sure Anjana went through a lot of motherly worries! After many years, when Hanuman was an adult, Rama came, and both Kesariand Hanuman went off to fight in the war in Lanka. Anjana remained at home in the Kishkindha hills inwhat is now Vijayanagara district, Karnataka. I am not sure whetherKesari survived the war. Hanuman did of course, and became Rama’s devotedservant and no longer lived with Anjana after that, though I’m sure he visited regularly. At some point Anjana left Kishkindha and went far to the north, riding ona scorpion vahana. She went to what is now Himachal Pradesh, and remained forsome time at a village called Masrer, near modern Dharamshala. She seems tohave come alone, without her husband Kesari, so it’s possible he had died bythis time, either in war or otherwise. Indeed I wonder if this was why shewanted to leave Kishkindha, but that’s just my own speculation. She concealedher identity. After some time, one of the locals somehow learned her real identity andrevealed it to the other villagers against her wishes. She turned him to stoneand then left. But thevillagers adopted her worship nonetheless, particularly when anyone is stung bya scorpion, since her vahana is a scorpion. Perhaps she had savedsomeone from a venomous scorpion sting while there. Her worship spread, and Anjana became a Kuladevi (familydeity) for many families in Himachal Pradesh, and still is to this day. At some point Anjana left off her physical body and became a full-fledgedDevi, watching over the families that worship her. Before her birth as Anjana she had been an apsaranamed Punjikastala, who was born as a vanari princess due to asage’s curse. However it seems she kept the name Anjana as a Devi, or at leastthat’s how her worshippers primarily know her. She retains the scorpion as hervahana. My note- I have read in anotheranswer, Hanuman visited Anjana after the war, while returning with Sri Rama andSita. Q3 Why do we have three PSUoil retailers (Indian Oil, Bharat Petroleum and Hindustan Petroleum) in Indiawhen they provide exact same services and cannot compete on prices? A3 KanthaswamyBalasubramaniam 14-3-2021 Advisor and Tutor at Staff Selection CommissionCombined Graduate Level Exam (2021–present) Historically Bharat Petroleum was Three private oil companies - BurmahOil Company, Esso and another Company whose name i forget. They were nationalizedand merged into one entity Bharat Petroleum and their Refineries, Retail Chainscame into unified GOI control in the 1970s. HPCL was also the same. It was a merger of a few private companiesnationalized to form HPCL So that’s why you have 3Retailers. They nationalized entities at different points of time and did not merge all their entities to create aBehemoth to give some sense of competition and choice. Q4 For the first time,Indian Railways transported Andhra Pradesh dry chillies in special parceltrains to which country? A4 Pankaj Tiwari July 23,2020 Lived in India Answer is Bangladesh. Now, let's dig in why Indian Railways has done it for the first time inthe history. Actually GunturDistrict in Andhra Pradesh is Asia's Largest Chillies Producers and Market.Below are the images: Now, Before Lockdown dry chillies were transported to Bangladesh in smallquantities by farmers and merchants in and around Guntur area, throughroadways. That used to cost around Rs.7,000 per tonne. But, during the nationwide lockdowndue to COVID-19, the farmers could not move this essential commodity by road. So, Indian Railways steps in for the remedy and proposed a special parcel vancomprising of 16 Parcel Vans each carrying 466 bags weighing approx 20 tones.So, in total the parcel van transported 320 tonnes in one go. Now, for carrying this entirechillies, Indian Railways fetched whopping Rs.14.75 Lacs and eventually for farmers per tonne carrying costcomes to around Rs.4608, which is way lesser than earlier Rs.7000/Tonne throughRoadways. So, in this crisis IndianRailways found an opportunity and started transporting Andhra's chillies toBenapole in Bangladesh and by thisstep created a win-win situation for all the stake holders. By doing this Indian Railways proves “Necessity is the Mother of all Invention” And recently Indian Railways has taken the decision to double the speedof all the goods train to 45 Kms Per Hour (Earlier it was 23 Kms/Hour). One cannow imagine why this decision has been taken. Q5 What is the differencebetween yoghurt and curd? A4 Anuradha Kamath February17-2021 Studied Bengaluru, Karnataka, India (Graduated 1996) Curd is called as Dadhi in Ayurveda. It should be taken by processing like adding honey or salt. Curd is prepared by desi methods of curdling the milk —with few drops ofsour curd. Even lemon juice and vineger also used to curdle milk. Yogurt Yogurt is curdled by specificbacterial strains. It isspecific method of fermenting milk. Compared to curd yogurt has low fat andmany varieties. Here are details about curd and yogurt Here are tasty recipes added to make use of curd or yogurt in day todaylife…..Curd Rice Dahi Vada.. Lemon curd.. Yogurt preparations.. Yogurt bowl with fruits ..(Even with yogurt or curdsmoothies can be done) Low calorie healthy diet…for persons with calorie conscious. My note- Because yogurt isprepared using specific bacterial strains, using it one cannot use it for curdling. Shelf life of yogurt is more. We get separatecurd packs in Chennai from Aavin Q6 Do animals treat theirmalformed babies or offspring differently? A6 Rich Kosiba Updated July11, 2020 Poultry (food) · I've raised turkeys, geese, ducks and chickens. I used to have a lot of birds, including white embden geese. One of the geese I got never grewany bigger than half its expected size. I affectionately named it“Little Goose.” The other geese rejected it. Imean, they wanted nothing to do with it. Geese hang out in groups. They stick together. They even stuck togetherin their hatred of Little Goose. When I would go to feed them,the geese would all be lying in a corner of the field together near a fence andLittle Goose would be about 20 feet away in some brush. She would always come running, as did all of the geese, anxious for freshfeed. Once I put itdown, the others would chase Little Goose away so she couldn't eat. Ikept multiple bowls, all away from each other, but it didn't matter. They didn't want her to eat. Ihad to stand near her so she could eat. After a while she got lonely. Shehad no family. So she started to bond with me. She needed attention. She no longer minded if I picked her up. In fact,she seemed to want to be held and soaked up whatever affection I would giveher. I used to imagine that she dreamed about me cuddling up with her againstthe fence, like the other geese do. Now, I always had a problem with raccoons taking my chickens. It was aconstant chore keeping them in check, but they only took chickens. Turkeys weretoo big, my ducks were in a large, completely encaged area, and geese are tooferocious. But Little Goose,so small and separated from the others… One day I went down to feed them and Little Goose was nowhere to befound. I looked around, afraid I'd find her dead little goosey body in thebrush. I was trying to prepare myself mentally. I wasn’t ready for that sight. There was nothing. As I crawled out of the brush I noticed feathers stuck to the fence. Not even a year old and my poorLittle Goose was gone, a meal for some miserable wild animal. I went allvigilante on the coons for a while after that. Their reign of terror had cometo an end. Of all the birds I've had, I never got close to one the way I did withLittle Goose. I miss her. Edits and Responses toComments That picture is me and Little Goose. She’s fully grown in that picture.To get some idea of how big her siblings get, check pictures here and here (ontop by the ducks). For those who are asking in thecomments why I didn’t take her into the house with me to protect her, that’snot a good idea with waterfowl. They need access to water to swim in. Ifthey spend too much time on hard surfaces then they’ll develop leg problems.Not to mention that I didn’t think the raccoons would go into the goosearea.[1] Footnotes [1] How to Guard Your Backyard Flock with Domestic Geese Breeds -Backyard Poultry Q7 Do scientificallyestablished near death experiences cause atheists to re-think their notionsabout there being no afterlife for humans? A7 Dick Harfield 14-3-2021Livesin Sydney, Australia Scientifically established near death experiences (NDE) havescientifically established explanations and are unlikely to cause atheists to re-think their notionsabout there being no afterlife for humans. All they really are is evidence that the personreporting a NDE had not yet died. The person is not dead until the braindies, which is why it is sometimes possible to resuscitate a person whose hearthas briefly stopped. The brain does funny things whenit is deprived of oxygen because the heart has stopped beating. It can often create dreams similar to the person’sunderlying beliefs. That iswhy a Christian in this situation may hallucinate about the Christian heavenand a Hindu may hallucinate about the Hindu heaven. Would you say thereis one afterlife for Christians, another afterlife for Hindus and so on? It is more logical to say that neardeath experiences are not proof of an afterlife at all. Q8 Is there a scientificname for a woman’s period? A8 DudlaJyothi, former Retd at Council of Scientific and Industrial Research(1982-2015)16-3-2021 Menstruation (also known as aperiod and many other colloquial terms), is the regular discharge of blood and mucosal tissue (known as menses) from theinner lining of the uterus through the vagina. The menstrual cycle occurs due to the rise and fall ofhormones. Q9 Why does a woman's periodstop? A9 Lengthy, but veryinformative answer in simple scientific language Palanichamy P, former Senior Pharmacist - Retired (1981-2018) AnsweredSeptember 16, 2019 Natural causes most likely tocause amenorrhea include pregnancy, breast-feeding, and menopause. Lifestyle factors may include excessive exerciseand stress. Also, having too little body fat or too much body fat may alsodelay or stop menstruation. Hormonalimbalances may cause amenorrhea. Absent menstruation, also known as amenorrhea, is the absence of menstrual periods. There are two types of absent menstruation. The type depends on whether menstruation hasn’t occurredby a certain age, or whether menstruation has occurred and is then absent. Absent menstruation may occur for a variety of reasons. The most commonof these include natural causes, lifestyle factors, and hormonal imbalances. It’s important to see a doctorabout absent menstruation, as the underlying cause may require treatment. Absent menstruation often resolves once the causeis treated. Absent menstruation, or amenorrhea, is the absence of menstrual bleeding.It happens when a girl hasn’t had her first menstrual period by age 16. It alsooccurs then a woman fails to menstruate for 3 to 6 months. Amenorrhea can happen for many reasons. The most common cause is pregnancy. However,amenorrhea may also be caused by various lifestyle factors, including bodyweight and exercise levels. In some cases, hormonal imbalances or problems with the reproductiveorgans might be the cause. You should see your doctor if you’re experiencing amenorrhea. Theunderlying cause of your missed periods may require treatment. Types of absent menstruation The two types of amenorrhea arereferred to as primary and secondary. Primary amenorrhea is when a teenage girl has reached or passed the ageof 16 and still hasn’t had her first period. Most girls begin menstruating between ages 9 and 18, but 12is the average age. Secondary amenorrhea is when a woman has stopped menstruating for atleast three months. This is the more common form of amenorrhea. In most cases, both types can be treated effectively. Causes of absent menstruation Primary and secondary amenorrhea can occur for numerous reasons. Somecauses are natural, while others are medical conditions that need to betreated. Natural causes most likely to cause amenorrhea include pregnancy,breast-feeding, and menopause. Lifestyle factors may include excessive exercise and stress. Also, havingtoo little body fat or too much body fat may also delay or stop menstruation. Hormonal imbalances may cause amenorrhea. They are usually triggered bytumors on the pituitary gland or the thyroid gland. Low estrogen levels or high testosterone levelscan also cause them. Genetic disorders or chromosomal disorders, such as Turner syndrome andSawyer syndrome, can sometimes cause late menstruation. Medications can causeamenorrhea in some women.Antipsychotics and antidepressants are often involved. Chemotherapy drugs and medications that treat high blood pressure cancause problems with menstruation as well. Suddenly stopping birth controlpills may also lead to several months of absent periods before the cyclereturns to normal. Physical defects such as structural problems in the female reproductiveorgans might be responsible for absent or delayed menstruation. These issues can result from birth defects, tumors, or infections thatoccurred in the womb or shortly after birth. In rare cases, missed periods could be a symptom of Asherman’s syndrome.This occurs due to scarring in the uterus after surgery, which can preventmenstruation. When to see a doctor about absentmenstruation A teenage girl who hasn’t started her periods by at least age 16 shouldsee a doctor. A trip to the doctor’s office is also necessary if she is age 14or older and hasn’t experienced any signs of puberty yet. These changes wouldinclude the following in numbered order of appearance: thelarche (breast bud development) pubarche (pubic hair development) menarche (onset of menstrual periods) Menstruating women and teens should see their doctor if they have missedthree or more periods in a row. What to expect at a doctor’sappointment When you see your doctor about amenorrhea, your doctor will perform aphysical exam and ask you a series of questions. Be prepared to talk about yournormal menstrual cycle, your lifestyle, and any other symptoms you’reexperiencing. Your doctor will also order a pregnancy test if you haven’t had a periodin three months. If that condition is ruled out, you may need more tests todetermine the underlying cause of your missed periods. These diagnostic testsmay include: Blood tests, which will allow your doctor to check hormone levels in yourbody. Prolactin, luteinizing hormone, and follicle stimulating hormone are allrelated to menstruation. Determining these levels can help your doctordetermine or rule out the cause of your absent periods. Ultrasound is an imaging test that uses high frequency sound waves tocreate detailed pictures of the inside of your body. It enables your doctor toview various organs, such as the ovaries and uterus, and check for abnormalgrowths. CT scan is another type of imaging test that uses computers and rotatingX-ray machines to create cross-sectional images of the body. These images allowyour doctor to look for masses and tumors in your glands and organs. Treatment for absentmenstruation Treatment for amenorrhea varies depending on the underlying cause.Hormonal imbalances can be treated with supplemental or synthetic hormones,which can help normalize hormone levels. Your doctor may also want to remove ovarian cysts, scar tissue, oruterine lesions that are causing you to miss your menstrual periods. Your doctor may also recommend making simple lifestyle changes if yourweight or exercise routine is contributing to your condition. Ask your doctorto refer you to a nutritionist or dietitian, if necessary. These specialists can teach you how to manage your weight and physicalactivity in a healthy way. Why does menopause occur? Menopause is a natural process that occurs as the ovaries age and produce less reproductivehormones. The body begins to undergo several changes in response to lower levelsof: Estrogen progesterone testosterone follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) luteinizing hormone (LH) One of the most notable changes is the loss of active ovarian follicles.Ovarian follicles are the structures that produce and release eggs from theovary wall, allowing menstruation and fertility. Most women first notice the frequencyof their period becoming less consistent, as the flow becomes heavier and longer. This usually occurs at somepoint in the mid-to-late 40s. By the age of 52, most U.S. women have undergonemenopause. In some cases, menopause is induced, or caused by injury or surgicalremoval of the ovaries and related pelvic structures. Common causes of inducedmenopause include: bilateral oophorectomy, or surgical removal of the ovaries ovarian ablation, or the shutdown of ovary function, which may be done byhormone therapy, surgery, or radiotherapy techniques in women with estrogenreceptor-positive tumors pelvic radiation pelvic injuries that severely damage or destroy the ovaries. SOURCE : What You Need to KnowAbout Menopause For me, this is simpleknowledge that many people ignore but it is important to know. All the above QA are based onQuora digest to me on 16-03 - 2021. Quora answers need not be 100% correctanswers Compiled and posted by R. Gopala krishnan on16-3-2021 -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/1958345827.1266493.1615906148477%40mail.yahoo.com.
