----- Forwarded message ----- From: gopala krishnan <[email protected]>To: Iyer <[email protected]>; [email protected] <[email protected]>Sent: Monday, 5 July, 2021, 1:42:06 pm ISTSubject: NEEDLE PART 2 NEEDLE PART 2
Dear friends, I had toldenough in the prelude. This second part is compilation read from Wikipedia. Iam thankful for the number of responses from members. Sincerely, Gopala Krishnan5-7-2021 11. What is sewing needle? A sewingneedle, used for hand-sewing, is a long slender tool with a pointed tip at oneend and a hole (or eye) at the other. The earliestneedles were made of boneor wood; modern needles are manufactured from high carbon steel wireand are nickel- or 18K gold-plated for corrosion resistance. High qualityembroidery needles are plated with two-thirds platinum and one-third titaniumalloy. Traditionally,needles have been kept in needle boxes or needle cases which have becomeobjects of adornment sewing needles may also be kept in an étui, a small boxthat held needles and other items such as scissors, pencils and tweezers. Mr.Venkitaraman has responded the name of the box is House wife. Now we can get as a box, different types ofneedle, threads, scissors, buttons and other accessories in a plastic box fromsuper market. The needles are packed in a black paper. Why the black paper is usedis not known to me. 12 History The firstform of sewing was probably tying together animal skins using thorns andsharpened rocks as needles, with animal sinew or plant material as thread. The earlylimitation was the ability to produce a small enough hole in a needle matrix,such as a bone sliver, not to damage the material. A point thatmight be from a bone needle dates to 61,000 years ago and was discovered inSibudu Cave, South Africa. A needle madefrom bird bone and attributed to archaic humans, the Denisovans, estimated tobe around 50,000 years-old, and was found in Denisova Cave. A bone needle, dated to the Aurignacian age(47000 to 41,000 years ago), was discovered in Potok Cave in the Eastern Karavanke, Slovenia. Bone and ivory needles found in the Xiaogushan prehistoricsite in Liaoning province date between 30,000 and 23,000 years old. Ivory needles were also found dated to 30,000 years ago at theKostenki site in Russia. 8,600-year-old Neolithic needle bones were discoveredat Ekşi Höyük, western Anatolia, in present-day Denizli Province. Flinders Petrie found copper sewing needles at Naqada, Egypt,ranging from 4400 BC to 3000 BC. Iron sewing needles were found at the Oppidumof Manching, dating to the third century BC. A form of needle lace named nålebinding seems togenerally predate knitting and crochet by thousands of years, partly because itcan use far shorter rough-graded threads than knitting does. Native Americans were known to use sewing needles fromnatural sources. One such source, the agave plant, provided both the needle and the"thread." The agave leaf would be soaked for an extended period oftime, leaving a pulp, long, stringy fibres and a sharp tip connecting the endsof the fibres. The"needle" is essentially what was the tip end of the leaf.Once the fibres dried, the fibres and "needle" could then be used tosew items together. Sewingneedles are an application of wire-making technology, which started to appearin the second millennium B.C. Some fine examples of Bronze Age gold torques are made of veryconsistent gold wire, which is more malleable than bronze. However,copper and bronze needles do not need to be as long: the eye can be made byturning the wire back on itself and redrawing it through the die. 13 Later sewing needles The nextmajor break-through in needle-making was the arrival of high-quality steel-makingtechnology from China in the tenth century, principally in Spain inthe form of the Catalan furnace, which soon extended to produce reasonably highquality steel in significant volumes. This technology later extended to Germanyand France, although not significantly in England. England began creating needles in 1639 atRedditch, creating the drawn-wire technique still in common use today. About 1655, needle manufacturers were sufficientlyindependent to establish Guild of Needle makers in London, although Redditchremained the principal place of manufacture. In Japan, Hari-Kuyo, the Festivalof Broken Needles, dates back to the 1600s. 14 Differenttypes of needles Hand sewingneedles come in a variety of types/ classes designed according to theirintended use and in a variety of sizes within each type. Sharpneedles: used for general hand sewing; built with a sharp point, a round eye,and are of medium length. Thosewith double-eyes are able to carry two strands of thread while minimizingfabric friction. My note- Present days we use a large needle, through it’seyes two threads can go and stich forstrength. Normally in pants if stitching at bottom threads are broken due towashing/wear and tear this method is followed. Earlier Hemming was done, nowtailors make stitching to avoid thisproblem in pants. Appliqué: These are considered another all-purposeneedle for sewing, appliqué, and patch work. Embroidery: Also known as crewel needles; identical tosharps but have a longer eye to enable easier threading of multiple embroiderythreads and thicker yarns. Between or quilting : These needles are shorter thansharps, with a small rounded eye and are used for making fine stitches on heavyfabrics such as in tailoring, quilt making and other detailed handwork; notethat some manufacturers also distinguish between quilting needles andquilting between needles, the latter being slightly shorter and narrowerthan the former. Milliners: A class of needles generally longer thansharps, useful for basting and pleating, normally used inmillinery work. Easy- or self-threading: Also called calyx-eyedsharps, side threading, and spiral eye, these needles have an openslot into which a thread may easily be guided rather than the usual closed eyedesign. Beading: These needles are very fine, with a narroweye to enable them to fit through the center of beads andsequins along with a long shaft to thread and hold a number of beads at a time. Bodkin: Also called ballpoints, this is a long, thickneedle with a ballpoint end and a large, elongated eye. Theycan be flat or round and are generally used for threading elastic, ribbon ortape through casings and lace openings. Chenille: These are similar to tapestry needles butwith large, long eyes and a very sharp point to penetrateclosely woven fabrics. Useful for ribbon embroidery. Darning: Sometimes called finishing needles, these aredesigned with a blunt tip and large eye making them similar to tapestry needlesbut longer; yarn darners are the heaviest sub-variety. My note- If a small damage occurs in pants or shirts darning were done.Nowadays most abandon the pant/shirt . Dawning charges are very high. Doll: Not designed for hand sewing at all, theseneedles are made long and thin and are used for soft sculpturingon dolls, particularly facial details. Leather: Also known as Glovers and as wedge needles,these have a triangular point designed to pierce leatherwithout tearing it; often used on leather-like materials such as vinyl andplastic. Sailmaker: Similar to leather needles, but thetriangular point extends further up the shaft; designed forsewing thick canvas or heavy leather. Tapestry: The large eye on these needles lets them tocarry a heavier weight yarn than other needles, and theirblunt tip—usually bent at a slight angle from the rest of the needle—allowsthem to pass through loosely woven fabric such as embroidery canvas oreven-weave material without catching or tearing it; comes in a double-eyedversion for use on a mounted frame and with two colors of thread. Tatting: These are built long with an even thicknessfor their entire length, including at the eye, to enable threadto be pulled through the double stitches used in tatting. Upholstery: These needles are heavy, long needles thatmay be straight or curved and are used for sewing heavy fabrics, upholsterywork, tufting and for tying quilts; the curved variety is practical for difficultsituations on furniture where a straight needle will not work. Heavy duty12" (30 cm) long needles are used for repairing mattresses. Straightsizes: 3"-12" long, curved: 1.5"-6" long. 15 Needle size Needle sizeis denoted by one or more numbers on the manufacturer's packet. The generalconvention for sizing of needles, like that of wire gauges, is that within anygiven class of needle the length and thickness of a needle increases as thesize number decreases. For example, a size 9 needle will be thicker andlonger than asize 12 needle. However, the needle sizes are not standardized and so asize 10 of one class may be (and in some cases actually is) either thinner orfiner than a size 12 of another type. Where apacket contains a needle count followed by two size numbers such as "20Sharps 5/10" the second set of numbers correspond to the range of sizes ofneedle within the packet, in this case typically ten sharps needles of size 5and ten of size 10 (for a total of 20 needles). As anotherexample, a packet labeled "16 Milliners 3/9" would contain 16milliners needles ranging in sizes from 3 to 9. 16. Other types of needles This is myaddition. Only sewing needles are told, we have other types of needles like theone in syringes, diabetic insulin pen etc. Now all syringes are use and throwin hospitals. These needles are hollow inside. Insulin needles have a sharp end and hollow through which insulin enters the body on pricking. Blood insulintest needles coming with Glucometer arenot hollow, they just prick the skin and blood coming out is applied to thetest strip. 11. PVC stitching needles and foot wear stitching needles This is alsomy addition. For small repairs in bags the shop owners have special stitchingmachine to stitch PVC bags. The shoe andfoot wear repair people have special needles to pierce leather, and toughenedtwine to stitch. -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. 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