Pranam

IMPETUOUS PERSONS

1     *Impetuous*, impulsive both refer to persons who are hasty and
precipitate in action, or to actions not preceded by thought.
*Impetuous* suggests
eagerness, violence, rashness: *impetuous* vivacity; *impetuous* desire;
*impetuous* words.  Impulsive behavior is part of an impulse control
disorder or other mental health disorder. This may be the case when:
there’s a pattern of impulsive behavior//you’re unable to gain control over
impulses// there are other signs and symptoms of mental illness.

2     Examples of this include:  *destruction of property:* destroying your
own or someone else’s things in a moment of anger/ *escalating
problems:* taking
minor situations and making them more urgent and important than
necessary/  *frequent
outbursts:* losing your cool far too often, even when it’s clearly uncalled
for /  *lots of starting over:* abruptly joining and quitting groups or
wiping the slate clean in search of a fresh start  /  *oversharing:* talking
without thinking and sharing intimate details  /   *physical
violence:* overreacting
by getting physical in the spur of the moment  /  *self-harm:* hurting
yourself <https://www.healthline.com/health/cutting> in the heat of anger,
sadness, or disappointment.

3      *Antisocial personality disorder:   *Antisocial personality disorder
<https://www.healthline.com/health/antisocial-personality-disorder> involves
impulsive and manipulative behavior. Other symptoms are:  quick to anger
/   arrogance  /   lying  /  aggressiveness  /  a lack of remorse.  In
intermittent
explosive disorder
<https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/intermittent-explosive-disorder>,
a person experiences frequent episodes of impulsive or aggressive behavior.
Examples of this are:  temper tantrums  /  physical violence  /  road rage.

4    Controlling our impulses can often be difficult, but for some of us,
the struggle can be all-consuming.  Impulsivity is an integral part of a
range of conditions, including drug addiction
<https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/addiction/>, obesity
<https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/obesity/how-much-should-i-weigh.php>,
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and Parkinson’s diseaseTrusted
Source <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29755401>.

The authors of a recent paper, published in *Nature CommunicationsTrusted
Source <https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-12895-y>*, define
impulsivity as “responding without apparent forethought for the
consequences of one’s actions.”

As they explain, being impulsive is not always a bad thing, but, “It can
often lead to consequences that are undesired or unintended.”

The new study sets out to understand more about the mechanisms that produce
impulsivity. The scientists hope that this knowledge might, eventually,
lead to interventions that could reduce impulsivity.

In particular, the scientists homed in on a peptide called
melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH). Earlier studies have linked this
peptide to both drug-Trusted Source
<https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27579857> and food-
<https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001429990400648X>seeking
behaviors.

MCH, a neurotransmitter, is primarily produced in the hypothalamus and has
also been implicatedTrusted Source
<https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC201018/> in mood, energy
balance, and the sleep–wake cycle.

The scientists carried out a range of experiments in rats to examine the
role of MCH in impulsive behavior.

In their first experiment, they presented the rats with a lever. When the
rats pressed it, they received a food pellet, but the reward was only
available every 20 seconds. If the rats pressed the lever before the 20
seconds were up, the clock restarted, and they had to wait longer for their
rewards.

In other words, the rats were rewarded for controlling their impulses.
After the scientists had trained the rats on the task, they injected MCH
into their brains.

*The MCH increased the number of lever presses, making them less efficient
at the task; essentially, they became more impulsive.*

*Hypothalamus and hippocampus*

By scanning the rodents’ brains, the scientists could get an idea of the
neural pathways that were involved. MCH running from the lateral
hypothalamus to the ventral hippocampus appeared to be key.

The lateral hypothalamus is involved in a range of functions, including
feeding behavior; the ventral hippocampus is associatedTrusted Source
<https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2822727/> with stress
<https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/145855.php>, mood, and emotion.

The senior author of the paper, Scott Kanoski, Ph.D., an associate
professor at the University of Southern California Dornsife College of
Letters, Arts, and Sciences, in Los Angeles, explains the overall findings:

*“We would drive the system up, and then we would see the animals be more
impulsive. And if we reduced function, we thought they would be less
impulsive, but instead, we found that they were more so. Either way, they
had elevated impulsivity.”*

So, whether the scientists boosted traffic between the lateral hypothalamus
and the ventral hippocampus or reduced it, the effect was the same —
increased impulsive behaviour.

Such people use those unethical words of abuse and cherish that their
superiority is vindicated but the reality is the adverse. It is a hazy
living in brandished dreams of no return.

tail-wagging, ground-pawing , outrageous, prolific, verbose SHUT UP ,a
canine on a female canine on heat, etc etc They virtually are afraid of the
society and as a precaution throw tantrums on others as an offence, which
is nothing but a tail-wagging defence; have we not seen such on the roads ,
squealing weakly?.   KR IRS 9721

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