Pranam Darwin theory of apes: Charles Darwin <https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg23130820-300-darwins-discovery-the-remarkable-history-of-evolution/> found the subject awkward too: *On the Origin of Species* makes almost no mention of human evolution.
Darwin was being tactful. The idea of evolution in any form was controversial enough in the middle of the nineteenth century. Claiming that humanity had been shaped by evolution was explosive, as Darwin found when he published a book all about it in 1871. There was also a scientific barrier. Darwin had access to almost no fossil evidence that might indicate how, when or even where humans evolved. In the intervening years the human – or hominin, to use the proper term – fossil record has expanded enormously. There is still much to discover, but the broad picture of our evolution <https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg23531400-500-who-are-you-how-the-story-of-human-origins-is-being-rewritten/> is largely in place. We know that our evolutionary tree first sprouted in Africa. We are sure that our closest living relatives are chimpanzees, and that our lineage split from theirs about 7 million years ago. The road to humanity was a long one, however. Nearly 4 million years later, our ancestors were still very ape-like. Lucy, a famous 3.2-million-year-old human ancestor <https://www.newscientist.com/article/2114719-early-hominin-lucy-had-powerful-arms-from-years-of-tree-climbing/> discovered in Ethiopia, had a small, chimp-sized brain and long arms that suggest her species still spent a lot of time up trees, perhaps retreating to the branches at night as chimps still do. But she did have one defining human trait: she walked on two legs. *Australopiths* Lucy belongs to a group called the australopiths. In the 40 years since her partial skeleton was discovered, fragmentary remains of even older fossils have been found, some dating back 7 million years. These follow the same pattern: they had chimp-like features and tiny brains but probably walked on two legs. We also know that australopiths probably made simple stone tools. These advances aside, australopiths weren’t that different from other apes. Only with the appearance of true humans – the genus *Homo* – did hominins begin to look and behave a little more like we do. Few now doubt that our genus evolved from a species of australopith, although exactly which one is a matter of debate. It was probably Lucy’s species *Australopithecus afarensis*, but a South African species, *Australopithecus sediba*, is also a candidate. It doesn’t help that this transition probably occurred between 2 and 3 million years ago, a time interval with a very poor hominin fossil record. The earliest species of *Homo* are known from only a few bone fragments, which makes them difficult to study. Some doubt that they belong in our genus, preferring to label them as *australopiths*. The first well-established *Homo*, and the first that we would recognise as looking a bit like us, appeared about 1.9 million years ago <https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn9989-timeline-human-evolution/>. It is named *Homo erectus* <https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn24428-complete-skull-of-1-8-million-year-old-hominin-found/> . *Homo erectus: the toolmaker* *Erectus* was unlike earlier hominins. It had come down from the trees completely and also shared our wanderlust: all earlier hominins are known only from Africa, but Homo erectus fossils have been discovered in Europe and Asia too. *Homo erectus* was also an innovator. It produced far more sophisticated tools than had any of its predecessors, and was probably the first to control fire. Some researchers think that it invented cooking, improving the quality of its diet and leading to an energy surplus that allowed bigger brains to evolve. It is certainly true that the brain size of *Homo erectus* grew dramatically during the species’s 1.5-million-year existence. Some of the very earliest individuals had a brain volume below 600 cubic centimetres, not much larger than an australopith, but some later individuals had brains with a volume of 900 cubic centimetres. Successful though Homo erectus was, it still lacked some key human traits: for instance, its anatomy suggests it was probably incapable of speech. The next hominin to appear was *Homo heidelbergensis* <https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn8464-did-humans-colonise-north-europe-earlier-than-thought/>. It evolved from a *Homo erectus* population in Africa about 600,000 years ago. This species’ hyoid – a small bone with an important role in our vocal apparatus – is virtually indistinguishable from ours, and its ear anatomy suggests it would have been sensitive to speech. According to some interpretations, *Homo heidelbergensis* gave rise to our species, *Homo sapiens*, about 200,000 years ago in Africa. Separate populations of *Homo heidelbergensis* living in Eurasia evolved too, becoming the Neanderthals in the west and a still enigmatic group called the Denisovans <https://www.newscientist.com/definition/denisovans/> in the east. *Modern humans* Within the last 100,000 years or so, the most recent chapter in our story unfolded. Modern humans spread throughout the world and Neanderthals <https://www.newscientist.com/article-topic/neanderthals/> and Denisovans disappeared. Exactly why they went extinct is another great mystery, but it seems likely that our species played its part. Interactions weren’t entirely hostile, though: DNA <https://www.newscientist.com/definition/dna/> evidence shows that modern humans sometimes interbred with both <https://www.newscientist.com/article/2198349-we-may-have-bred-with-denisovans-much-more-recently-than-we-thought/> Neanderthals and Denisovans <https://www.newscientist.com/article/2198349-we-may-have-bred-with-denisovans-much-more-recently-than-we-thought/> . There is still much we do not know, and new fossils have the potential to change the story. Three new extinct hominins have been discovered in the past decade or so, including *Australopithecus sediba* and the enigmatic and not yet well-dated *Homo naledi* <https://www.newscientist.com/article/2128834-homo-naledi-is-only-250000-years-old-heres-why-that-matters/>, also in South Africa. Strangest of all is the tiny “hobbit” *Homo floresiensi <https://www.newscientist.com/article/2128483-mystery-human-hobbit-ancestor-may-have-been-first-out-of-africa/>s*, which lived in Indonesia until about 12,000 years ago and appears to have been a separate species. For 7 million years our lineage had shared the planet with at least one other species of hominid. With the hobbit gone, *Homo sapiens* stood alone. NOW AGAINST: His revolutionary book — *On the Origin of Species* — was published in 1859 (it was originally named “On the Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life”). In his book, he proposed that the adaptability of species arises not by choice but due to a shortage of resources and a change in the environment, which inherently makes it *necessary* for a species to change in order to survive, as it fights to ensure the continuation of its generation over time. Such adaptations led to a change in the traits of sub-classes, though their original class remains common. This idea of 'natural selection' was a theory which was proposed by Darwin in his highly controversial (at least in the 1850s) book which stated that as all species evolved over time, there was a common lineage in terms of inherent anatomical traits that linked all species to a common ancestor. A total of 1250 copies of *On the Origin of Species *were initially printed, selling for 15 shillings each. Darwin's theory was questioned, criticised and even ridiculed. His methodology was mocked by scientific icons like Herschel and “thought leaders” like John Stuart Mill. A friend and mentor of types, Adam Hedgewick, who was a British geologist and one of the founders of modern geology, scoffed at Darwin suggesting that the latter focus on better things (such as assisting Hedgewick in his geological pursuits). He wrote in a letter to Darwin: *"...I have read your book with more pain than pleasure. Parts of it I admired greatly, parts I laughed at till my sides were almost sore; other parts I read with absolute sorrow, because I think them utterly false and grievously mischievous. You have deserted — after a start in that tram-road of all solid physical truth — the true method of induction, and started us in machinery as wild, I think, as Bishop Wilkins's locomotive that was to sail with us to the moon. Many of your wide conclusions are based upon assumptions which can neither be proved nor disproved, why then express them in the language and arrangement of philosophical induction?"* Macroevolution, on the other hand, studies inferences from fossils and DNA rather than direct observation. Evidence of fossil records support the ideas put forth by evolutionary biology, through various validations. An example, as predicted by evolutionary biology, is that one does not find modern human fossils embedded within the soil layers from the Jurassic period, which was 65 million years ago. This argument then suggests that humans therefore have evolved from apes gradually over time and not as Creationists would like to believe. Based on the above evolutionary biology argument, the counter question that is often asked is if humans descended from monkeys, why are there monkeys still today? This answer to the above is that new species evolve by splintering off from established ones — when populations of organisms break off from the main branch of their family and evolve with sufficient differences to remain forever distinct. The parent species meanwhile may survive indefinitely or may become extinct depending on its ability to adapt. As an example, many species of dogs, tigers or hawks exists across various geographies today. The origin of life remains very much a mystery and some argue that evolution cannot explain how life first appeared on Earth. Darwin did not know about genetics. So, even though his Theory of Evolution was directionally correct, he later came up with the Theory of Pangenesis to describe certain observations, which has subsequently been found to be flawed. As per this debunked theory, there are “gemmules” that are seeds of cells that one gets from parents during conception. They must form in the proper order to build a healthy organism, and the way they mix results in variations. Some gemmules can lie dormant, resulting in traits that skip generations, or change over an organism’s lifetime, resulting in offspring inheriting traits that their parents had developed due to environmental factors. So, one can arguably say that Darwin is wrong strictly speaking as better theories of evolution are today accepted by the larger scientific community. Human beings and apes share a common ancestor from which they branched off more than one million years ago. Current-day homo sapiens had ancestors like Australopithecus and Homo erectus who were distinct from other apes (or rather their ancestors) for two million years and more. Even more surprisingly, for a period of time till about 10,000 years ago, there was simultaneous existence of multiple forms of ‘humans’: Neanderthals (with brains larger than homo sapiens), homo floresiensis (nicknamed Hobbit Man) and so on. Today, it is a debated topic whether homo sapiens interbred with these species or these other species competed with homo sapiens for resources but were outmanoeuvred into extinction. So, a member of the genus “homo’’ can be said to always have been ‘man’ after they evolved from their ancestors, and we have not evolved from chimpanzees or gorillas. Many historians have been rediscovering the scientific advancements made by early Indian civilisation. At the end, the arguments against evolution seem to have risen from a misunderstanding of Darwin’s theory. One has to understand that Darwin's theory is not being refuted but simply being argued, to the effect that it does not explain in detail all the complexities of life. In short, the concept of evolution is not disputed nor written off but its opponents simply imply that it is yet to provide answers to all the questions that we have. However it is imperative to remember Darwin’s words: “Free will is to mind what chance is to matter.” kr irs 24821 On Tue, 24 Aug 2021 at 10:37, Rajaram Krishnamurthy <[email protected]> wrote: > Pranam > 1 The technology has no secret at all; and Indian Powergrid has major > focus in India developments. Powerfailures is due to causes of personnels > and not that of the technology. Maintenance is a hoax in TN and elsewhere. > POWERGRID > has a strong presence in Nineteen countries in Asia and Africa. POWERGRID > has a working culture guided by the principle *"Delivering global > knowledge and expertise with an understanding of local cultures and needs"* > .By executing assignments funded by various multilateral agencies in > various parts of the world, POWERGRID has become well versed with the > working standards and policies of these agencies as well as the local laws > and culture. The POWERGRID expert pool with specialized exposure as > mentioned above is apt to take Consultancy and project execution > assignments in any part of the World.POWERGRID has consultancy and > project execution experience in following countries: *Afghanistan, > Bangladesh, Bhutan, Congo, Ethiopia, Fiji, Nigeria, Nepal, Kazakhstan, > Kenya, Kyrgyz Republic, Myanmar, Pakistan, Senegal, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, > Tanzania, UAE and Uzbekistan. *Power Grid Corporation Of India Ltd > Address > <https://www.google.com/search?q=power+grid+corporation+of+india+ltd+mittoor+address&ludocid=16776117014050928621&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwig-pLA7sjyAhUW_XMBHQ4ZBg8Q6BMwGXoECCoQAg> > : 6464+424, Mittoor, Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh 517001. > 2 Sticky hands no more; buy and use washable and neat for women in > amazon.in > [image: image.jpeg] > [image: image.jpeg] > > <https://www.amazon.in/gloves-for-washing-utensils/s?k=gloves+for+washing+utensils> > [image: image.jpeg] > > <https://www.amazon.in/gloves-for-washing-utensils/s?k=gloves+for+washing+utensils> > [image: image.jpeg] > > <https://www.amazon.in/gloves-for-washing-utensils/s?k=gloves+for+washing+utensils> > [image: image.jpeg] > > <https://www.amazon.in/gloves-for-washing-utensils/s?k=gloves+for+washing+utensils> > [image: image.jpeg] > > <https://www.amazon.in/gloves-for-washing-utensils/s?k=gloves+for+washing+utensils>3 > Top 10 Uses for Eggshells These ideas can help you raise your eggshell > IQ. In all cases, except where specified, eggshells should be crushed, made > either coarse or fine, depending on the use:Use eggshells as a calcium- > and mineral-rich additive to wild bird feed and chicken feed. > > 1. Add them to ground coffee before brewing. The shells help reduce > any bitterness. Wash the shells throughly to remove any egg residue, dry, > then crush and add to your ground coffee. > 2. As a soil additive for houseplants, they add minerals and help keep > soil loose and aerated. > 3. Love camping? Use those shells with soapy water as a natural > abrasive for pots and pans, especially when cleaning products and really > hot water are at a premium. > 4. Bake clean eggshells at 350 degrees for 8 minutes. Let cool and > grind to a fine powder. Add as a calcium supplement (a teaspoonful does it) > to juice, smoothies, etc. > 5. Add to your garden to keep cats away that may be using it as a > litter box. Cats will not like the sharpness under their tender paws. Their > smell can also reportedly deter deer and repel slugs, snails, and cutworms > without resorting to toxic chemicals. Maybe tantamount to that, > mineral-charged eggshells can be crushed and scattered into each hole > before planting. Sprinkle additional crushed shells around your plants > every couple of weeks. *Use them to start your seedlings! Here’s how.* > > <https://www.farmersalmanac.com/eggshells-natures-perfect-seed-starters-18253> > 6. Skin irritations? Folklore tells us to drop an eggshell into some > apple cider vinegar for a couple of days. Apply to skin irritations or > itches. > 7. Unclog drains: Placed in your sink strainer, they can trap errant > solids. When they ultimately break down, they will serve to clean pipes on > their way out. > > > > <https://www.amazon.in/gloves-for-washing-utensils/s?k=gloves+for+washing+utensils> > > On Tue, 24 Aug 2021 at 08:18, 'gopala krishnan' via iyer123 < > [email protected]> wrote: > >> *CULTURAL QA 08-2021-23* >> >> *Being a compilation there may be errors* >> >> *Q1 Why in India electricity goes off very often than from >> the developed country like America? Do they use different technology to >> supply electricity?* >> >> *A1 Anchal Tamrakar Working since 12yrs in electronics >> January 3* >> >> *Technically yes USA HAVE 120V/60Hz Yep they all Developed that stuff >> from era of technological enlightenment from 18th century,* >> >> *US and Europe will never sell the whole set of those technology to India** >> as those scientific and technological capabilities is the key reason of >> spectacular success of western society, high quality of life, thriving >> economy and military might. They achieved that through several decades or >> even centuries of intense scientific thinking and research (starting from >> era of enlightenment and reason).* >> >> *There is no reason why that need to be shared with a non western third >> world country…* >> >> *China’s Ambitious Plan to Build the World’s Biggest Supergrid. China is >> way ahead in this field also , in which India is struggling in cut off , >> china is building nuclear reactor , huge dam , thorium reactor..* >> >> *China’s artificial sun ‘light years away’ from solving energy crisis. >> They have also artificial **🌞** sun..* >> >> *My note- In Chennai, India the electric supply is** 95% stable. Once in >> a fortnight for about 2 hours the supply may fail, for maintenance work. * >> >> *Q2 What causes sticky hands after washing dishes? Is there >> a way to eliminate this?* >> >> *A2 Susan C. Weber, I live, I breathe, I've been around the >> block Answered January 1, 2019* >> >> *I don’t know what’s causing sticky hands after washing dishes. It could >> be that you’re not getting all the soap off of them.* >> >> *Rinse your hands thoroughly in warm running water when you’re finished, >> then dry them completely and apply a little lotion. That should take care >> of the problem. Or you could wear dishwashing gloves that have a powdered >> fabric lining.* >> >> *My note- Sticky hands is due to washing oily vessels* >> >> *Q3 Why do we put back cracked eggs at the store if we're >> just going to crack and cook them ourselves?* >> >> *A3 Martin Bayer Chef (1994–present)Fri* >> >> *Egg shells protect the egg from contamination.* >> >> *A cracked egg shell allows bacteria and physical contaminants to get >> into the egg, which you are going to eat.* >> >> *No one needs to worry about wether or not their eggs are safe to eat, >> because they are cracked. A simple check inside of the carton will tell you >> if they are good to go or not. So, if they’re cracked, choose another >> carton.* >> >> *Q4 What are your views on Hindus who treat their ancestors >> as God?* >> >> *A4 Bhuvana Rameshwar Tamil culture and heritage 8h ago* >> >> *Yes. We treat our ancestors as invisible angels who** protect us and >> our children. Although we have garlanded photos of our ancestors in the >> hall we also pray to them by keeping our favourite ancestor's photo in the >> pooja room. I keep my mil's photo similarly. to take care of us especially >> during travel, marriage, childbirth, education and health. Before any >> wedding in the house we pray to our ancestors.* >> >> *Mahalaya Amavaasai, ( a new moon day in Sep** /Oct in the puratasi >> Tamil month) annually is a day to pray to all our dead ancestors. * >> >> *In ancient days every small village had some elders who spoke fairly, >> warned them of weather changes, adviced them on family issues, fixed time >> and date of marriages. It was because they were well known for their just >> nature, being fair to all the people. When such people died they became >> village diety.. an Amman or Thai or mother or Maa by installing an idol a >> female form. In few days a temple was built around the idol and they became >> the village goddess.* >> >> *In Ooty the local Amman temple with two idols of Ammans actually were >> two sisters who cared for the ancient village in Old Ooty!* >> >> *Men too who were good, and wise were personified as gods or male angels >> after their death . They were made into gods or demi gods. Each of these >> idols became gods later. Some were named later as another kuruppu swamy, >> aiyanaar, muneeswaran, sudalai and madaswamy the common village dieties or >> their rebirths.* >> >> *There were annual week long festivals to please ancestral gods with >> vegetarian and nv foods.** Sacrificing goats, chicken to please the >> ancestors was also common besides feasts for all the relatives, married >> daughters and all villagers.* >> >> *Q5 Is it worth the extra money for a multilayered, copper >> outside frying pan? Or should I go for stainless steel?* >> >> *A5 Martin Bayer Chef (1994–present)Thu* >> >> *Copper used to be popular for cladding cookware** because it heats up >> quickly and distributes heat evenly. It tarnishes though and requires >> regular polishing.* >> >> *Aluminum and stainless cookware have greatly overtaken copper in >> popularity. Most due to lower** cost and ease of care. A quality >> stainless steel pan clad in copper is no better than a plain stainless pan >> when it comes to cooking performance. Any difference is miniscule. The >> copper jacket is just for looks and will call on you to polish it >> regularly.* >> >> *I would go with plain stainless. You’re just paying** more for the >> copper for it to be there, not to improve the performance of your pans.* >> >> *Q6 Why doesn't it work that "big birds eat small birds" >> like for fishes "big fishes eat small fishes"?* >> >> *A6 Claire Jordan Degree in biology and folklore; >> programmer, shop owner, secretary on newspaper Fri* >> >> *Since they live in water, most fish are carnivores - marine fish in >> particular don’t have access to plants or seaweed unless they live very >> close to the shore. * >> >> *Birds have access to all the plants on land, as well as to waterweeds, >> and to fruits and seeds, so a** much higher proportion are mainly >> herbivorous. Even so, many birds of prey do eat smaller birds, as well as >> small mammals and reptiles.* >> >> *Of course there are also many fish, and birds, that eat small arthropods >> - krill in the sea, and insects on** land.* >> >> *Q7 Does anything happen if we drink water immediately after >> a bath?* >> >> *A7 Mike Massen , Studied physics as part of Ba. EE, >> developing water from Air Answered February 21, 2016* >> >> *Like anything it depends how much, when etc and this applies to the bath >> as much as to the water you drink. Being in the bath (& for a long time) >> your body will be subject to osmotic effects which will draw water into >> cells such as your skin until it reaches an equilibrium which is also >> subject to any injuries you might have and that includes bruises which >> might not have bled through skin abrasions ie. Don't leave bruises >> submerged for longer than needed except under medical advice...* >> >> *Depending on how long you are in the bath, you might feel the need to >> pee but, drinking water is** fine at any time and especially when >> thirsty and often before you expect to be thirsty as some can be slightly >> dehydrated before they start to recognise the sensation of thirst. * >> >> *So best to think ahead re possible strenuous activity re water intake as >> water is essential for good kidney function at the least...* >> >> *2ND ANSWER- Ashok Banga, Doctor: Pediatrician, an** impatient optimist. >> Finding rationalityUpdated April 29, 2018* >> >> *More than 95% of our body is water . There is very** fine balance of >> the composition of each cell and even minor change triggers water balance >> re-adjustment. We need water almost always to keep this process going.* >> >> *Whenever you fill in fuel tank of your car, before during or after >> journey, the only requirement is to have some petrol available in the tank >> all the times.* >> >> *3rd answer- Bharadwaz Bollu , Mtech Mechanical and** Aerospace >> Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad (2020)Answered May >> 11, 2020* >> >> *Nothing will happen. Does anything happen when** you drink water after >> hard workout. Infact many people suggest to drink water to replenish >> fluids. Bathing doesn't require much physical effort. So nothing happens if >> you drink water immediately after bath unless those water are not for >> drinking purpose.* >> >> *Q8 If we originated from apes, how come we don't have more >> apes than humans?* >> >> *A8 Claire Jordan Degree in biology and folklore; >> programmer, shop owner, secretary on newspaper Fri* >> >> *Firstly, humans are themselves a type of ape.* >> >> *Secondly, if you mean, why are there more human apes than non-human >> apes, it’s mainly down to habitat loss. Humans so far as I know are the >> only ape that isn’t primarily a jungle species. As natural steppes and >> human farms have eaten into the jungles, so humans have become commoner and >> other apes rarer. Also, we eat them.* >> >> *Q9 Water and soap are meant to clean the body after bathing. >> What then makes the towel dirty when our body is already clean from using >> soap and water to bath?* >> >> *A9 Avkrishna Rao, studied at Master of Business >> Administration in Business Management Answered 12h ago* >> >> *Dead skin cells and Bacteria form in wet cloth are** the reason why >> your towel get dirty. In order to remove such dead skin cells and Bacteria, >> you rub your skin hardly, which is not good for you. ... If there is actual >> dirt on your towels then you are not using the soap, water and sponge >> correctly.* >> >> *While it's true that after a shower you have eliminated most of the >> germs and dirt from your skin, the process of rubbing a towel against the >> body rubs off dead skin that sticks to the moist towel. Towels become an >> ideal nesting place for the mildew endemic to humid bathrooms.* >> >> *Many studies have shown that bath towels contain bacteria like E-coli.* >> >> *2nd answer Nick RPh625, former **PharmacistAnswered 14h ago* >> >> *The major dirt, Grease, skin cells and skin oils will be removed by >> scrubbed I believe with soap and water. When towel drying, a small amount >> of skin cells and skin oils will be wiped off on towel. This is normal.* >> >> *3rd answer Curt Weinstein, Design and Make WEST **Monofilament >> EsthesiometersAnswered 16h ago* >> >> *Skin (dead skin) sloughs off onto the towel.* >> >> *Q10 Is deodorant bad for humans and the environment?* >> >> *A10 James Brown, studied at NHTI Concord NH (1994)Answered >> 27m ago* >> >> *Sadly almost everything we humans do, hurts the environment in some >> form. You must decide for** yourself which battles to fight.* >> >> *Years ago I gave up almost everything not natural or organic. Since I >> have brought some things back. Bleach for instance, some mildew can't be >> killed with vinegar. Washing more frequently to stay ahead of mildew seemed >> more environmental impactful than using one gallon of bleach a year. * >> >> *Also same issues with cleaning toilets. Once a week with a table spoon >> of bleach vs several times a week with baking soda and bleach. They are not >> without impact, it takes mining resources, production, and distribution >> energy.* >> >> *Not using products with artificial perfumes is social the best thing you >> can do. These chemically** produced scents can be hormone disruptors. >> Bathroom sprays, plug in and car air freshers being among the worst. Wonder >> why young girls are hitting puberty 5 years younger today than just 20 >> years ago? Or more boys are born with non descending or undeveloped >> testicles or micro penises? No it's not the internet.* >> >> *All the above QA are based on Quora digest on 23-08- 2021. Quora answers >> need not be 100% correct answers * >> >> *Compiled and posted by R. Gopala krishnan on 24- 08-2021* >> >> >> >> -- >> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups >> "iyer123" group. >> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an >> email to [email protected]. >> To view this discussion on the web visit >> https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/iyer123/444299522.36808.1629773303189%40mail.yahoo.com >> <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/iyer123/444299522.36808.1629773303189%40mail.yahoo.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer> >> . >> > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/CAL5XZoq5DAodnJE6_zLHURy5Spzkp_WKnvhxLJ_2eeRA5j-4Pg%40mail.gmail.com.
