Pranam
Q 1 I do not know what exactly Mr G means in the first question; it's not
understood to him and make others in similar position; but I am aware of
one asa finding pl see in youtube below where there are 7 euyally like
earth found by nasa while we are circumambulating the 7 planets in a day.{
https://youtu.be/bnKFaAS30X8 } At about 40 light-years (235 trillion
miles) from Earth, the system of planets is relatively close to us, in the
constellation Aquarius. Because they are located outside of our solar
system, these planets are scientifically known as exoplanets. This
exoplanet system is called TRAPPIST-1, named for The Transiting Planets and
Planetesimals Small Telescope (TRAPPIST) in Chile. In May 2016
<https://www.nasa.gov/feature/promising-worlds-found-around-nearby-ultra-cool-dwarf-star>,
researchers using TRAPPIST announced they had discovered three planets in
the system. Assisted by several ground-based telescopes, including the
European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope, Spitzer confirmed the
existence of two of these planets and discovered five additional ones,
increasing the number of known planets in the system to seven. The new
results were published Wednesday in the journal Nature, and announced at a
news briefing at NASA Headquarters in Washington. Using Spitzer data, the
team precisely measured the sizes of the seven planets and developed first
estimates of the masses of six of them, allowing their density to be
estimated. Based on their densities, all of the TRAPPIST-1 planets are
likely to be rocky. Further observations will not only help determine
whether they are rich in water, but also possibly reveal whether any could
have liquid water on their surfaces. The mass of the seventh and farthest
exoplanet has not yet been estimated – scientists believe it could be an
icy, "snowball-like" world, but further observations are needed. "The
seven wonders of TRAPPIST-1 are the first Earth-size planets that have been
found orbiting this kind of star," said Michael Gillon, lead author of the
paper and the principal investigator of the TRAPPIST
<http://www.orca.ulg.ac.be/TRAPPIST> exoplanet survey at the University of
Liege, Belgium. "It is also the best target yet for studying the
atmospheres of potentially habitable, Earth-size worlds." In contrast to
our sun, the TRAPPIST-1 star – classified as an ultra-cool dwarf – is so
cool that liquid water could survive on planets orbiting very close to it,
closer than is possible on planets in our solar system. All seven of the
TRAPPIST-1 planetary orbits are closer to their host star than Mercury is
to our sun. The planets also are very close to each other. If a person was
standing on one of the planet’s surface, they could gaze up and potentially
see geological features or clouds of neighboring worlds, which would
sometimes appear larger than the moon in Earth's sky. The planets may also
be tidally locked to their star, which means the same side of the planet is
always facing the star, therefore each side is either perpetual day or
night. This could mean they have weather patterns totally unlike those on
Earth, such as strong winds blowing from the day side to the night side,
and extreme temperature changes. Spitzer, an infrared telescope that
trails Earth as it orbits the sun, was well-suited for studying TRAPPIST-1
because the star glows brightest in infrared light, whose wavelengths are
longer than the eye can see. In the fall of 2016, Spitzer observed
TRAPPIST-1 nearly continuously for 500 hours. Spitzer is uniquely
positioned in its orbit to observe enough crossing – transits – of the
planets in front of the host star to reveal the complex architecture of the
system. Engineers optimized Spitzer’s ability to observe transiting planets
during Spitzer’s “warm mission,” which began after the spacecraft’s coolant
ran out as planned after the first five years of operations. "This is the
most exciting result I have seen in the 14 years of Spitzer operations,"
said Sean Carey, manager of NASA's Spitzer Science Center at Caltech/IPAC
in Pasadena, California. "Spitzer will follow up in the fall to further
refine our understanding of these planets so that the James Webb Space
Telescope can follow up. More observations of the system are sure to reveal
more secrets.” Following up on the Spitzer discovery, NASA's Hubble Space
Telescope has initiated the screening of four of the planets, including the
three inside the habitable zone. These observations aim at assessing the
presence of puffy, hydrogen-dominated atmospheres, typical for gaseous
worlds like Neptune, around these planets.
Q2 What about *Madame Tussauds* is a wax museum
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wax_museum> in London; it has smaller
museums in a number of other major cities. It was founded by wax
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wax_figure> sculptor Marie Tussaud
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Tussaud> in 1835. It used to be
spelled as "Madame Tussaud's"; the apostrophe is no longer used. Madame
Tussauds is a major tourist attraction in London
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourism_in_London>, displaying the waxworks
of famous and historical figures, as well as popular film and television
characters played by famous actors. The nearest station to the museum is Baker
Street <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baker_Street_tube_station> which is
at the walking distance of 120 metres (390 ft). Live also exist
Q7 ANULOMA has different meanings: Anuloma (अनुलोम) refers to a type of
arrangement of the order of the syllables (of the sacred seats).—The
commentary [of the Ṣaṭsāhasrasaṃhitā verse 27.23-27] explains that the
syllables that make up the names of the sacred seats can be arranged in two
different sequences. The first is the normal serial order (which the
commentary terms ‘*anuloma*’, lit. ‘with the grain’), that is, O ḌI Ā NAṂ,
JĀ LA NDHA RAM Ṃ, PŪ RṆA GI RIž, KĀ MA RŪ PAṂ. Each syllable has a
corresponding Knot and location where it is placed on the body. This is the
order in which the Tantra lists them. The second sequence (which the
commentary terms ‘*pratiloma*’ lit. ‘against the grain’) follows the serial
rearrangement of the order of the syllables as described previously (in
Ṣaṭsāhasrasaṃhitā 27/8), that is, O JĀ PŪ KĀ, ḌI LA RṆA MA, Ā NDHA GI RŪ,
NA RAM RI PU. The commentary lists the corresponding Knots and their
location on the body in full in this order. 1) 'With the hair', regular,
in natural order, successive (opp. *pratiloma*); hence favorable,
agreeable; °सुखो वायु- रनुसारयतीव माम् (*sukho vāyu- ranusārayatīva mām*)
Rām.; त्रिरेनामनुलोमामनुमार्ष्टि (*trirenāmanulomāmanumārṣṭi*) Śat.
Br.; °कृष्टं
क्षेत्रं प्रतिलोमं कर्षति (*kṛṣṭaṃ kṣetraṃ pratilomaṃ karṣati*) Sk.
ploughed in the regular direction.
2) Mixed as a tribe. -mā A woman of the lower caste than that of the
man's whom she marries; सकामास्वनु- लोमासु न दोषस्त्वन्यथा दमः (*sakāmāsvanu-
lomāsu na doṣastvanyathā damaḥ*) Y.2.288.
-mam *adv.* In regular or natural order; प्रतिलोममालिम्पेन्नानुलोमम् (
*pratilomamālimpennānulomam*) Suśr. -māḥ (pl.) Mixed castes.
Q8: (A) X Y chromosomes:
1.
In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into
thread-like structures called chromosomes.
2.
Most human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes. One set of chromosomes
comes from the mother, while the other comes from the father. The twenty
third pair is called the sex chromosomes, while the rest of the 22 pairs
are called autosomes.
3.
Typically, biologically male individuals have one X and one Y chromosome
(XY) while those who are biologically female have two X
chromosomes. *However,
there are exceptions to this rule.*
4.
The sex chromosomes determine the sex of offspring. The father can
contribute an X or a Y chromosome, while the mother always contributes an X.
5.
The Y chromosome is one-third the size of the X chromosome and contains
about 55 genes while the X chromosome has about 900 genes.
6.
In genealogy, the male lineage is often traced using the Y chromosome
because it is only passed down from the father.
7.
All individuals carrying a Y chromosome are related through a single XY
ancestor who (likely) lived around 300,000 years ago.
8.
The Y chromosome contains a "male-determining gene," the SRY gene, that
causes testes to form in the embryo and results in development of external
and internal male genitalia. If there is a mutation in the SRY gene, the
embryo will develop female genitalia despite having XY chromosomes.
9.
Variation in the number of sex chromosomes in a cell is quite common.
Some men have more than two sex chromosomes in all of their cells (the XXY
variation is called the Klinefelter syndrome), and many men lose the Y
chromosome from their cells as they age. Smoking may exacerbate this loss.
10.
Some genes that were thought to be lost from the Y chromosome have
actually relocated to other chromosomes.
11.
Much of the Y chromosome is composed of repeating DNA segments.
Specialised techniques are needed to sequence and determine the arrangement
of these highly similar segments.
12.
Many health conditions are thought to be related to changes in genes
expressed on the Y chromosome. This is currently an active area of research.
13.
(B) GOTRA: In Hindu society, the term gotra means clan. It broadly
refers to people who are descendants in an unbroken male line from a common
male ancestor or patriline. Gotra can be used as surname but it is
different from surname and is strictly maintained because of its importance
in marriages among Hindus and especially among high Hindu-castes. Pāṇini
defines gotra for grammatical purposes as apatyam pautraprabhrti gotram
(IV. 1. 162), which means "the word gotra denotes the progeny (of a sage)
beginning with the son's son." When a person says "I am Kashyapa-gotra," he
means that he traces his descent from the ancient sage Kashyapa by unbroken
male descent. According to the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 2.2.6, Gautama
and Bharadvāja, Viśvāmitra and Jamadagni, Vashishtha and Kaśhyapa, and Atri
are seven sages (also known as Saptarishi); the progeny of these eight
sages is declared to be gotras. This enumeration of eight primary gotras
seems to have been known to Pāṇini. The offspring (apatya) of these eight
are gotras and others than these are called gotrâvayava. As a Rigvedic
term, gotra simply means "cow shelter" and more generally "stable
enclosure". The narrowed meaning "family, lineage kin" (as it were "herd
within an enclosure") is younger, first recorded around the mid 1st
millennium BCE (e.g., Chandogya Upanishad). These "lineages" as they
developed during that time meant patri-lineal descent among Brahmins (the
Brahmin gotra system), warriors and administrators in Kshatriyas and
ancestral tradesmen in Vaisyas. There exists another theory about
gotra: sons of rishi and disciples of the gurukul would have the same
gotra. It is believed that they possess similar thought and philosophy.
People of the same gotra can be found in different castes.
14. GOTRA IN EARLY rIGVEDAM WAS KNOWN AS ONLY COW HERDS.
Rig Veda 2.17.1तद॑स्मै॒ नव्य॑मङ्गिर॒स्वद॑र्चत॒ शुष्मा॒ यद॑स्य
प्र॒त्नथो॒दीर॑ते । विश्वा॒ यद्गो॒त्रा सह॑सा॒ परी॑वृता॒ मदे॒ सोम॑स्य
दृंहि॒तान्यैर॑यत् ॥
तदस्मै नव्यमङ्गिरस्वदर्चत शुष्मा यदस्य प्रत्नथोदीरते । विश्वा यद्गोत्रा
सहसा परीवृता मदे सोमस्य दृंहितान्यैरयत् ॥ tad asmai navyam aṅgirasvad
arcata śuṣmā yad asya pratnathodīrate | viśvā yad gotrā sahasā
parīvṛtā made somasya dṛṃhitāny airayat ||
“Address, worshippers, after the manner of Aṅgiras
<https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/angiras#hinduism>, a new (hymn) to
that Indra <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/indra#hinduism>, whose
withering (energies) were developed of old; who, in the exhilaration of the
Soma <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/soma#hinduism>, forced open
the obstructed and solid clouds.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Yad gotrā <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/gotra#hinduism>, i.e.
gotrāṇi, clouds; from go, water; tra, to preserve or contain;
Gotra <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/gotra#hinduism> = herds of
cattle, the cows of the Aṅgirasas
<https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/angirasa#hinduism> recovered by
Indra
तत् । अ॒स्मै॒ । नव्य॑म् । अ॒ङ्गि॒र॒स्वत् । अ॒र्च॒त॒ । शुष्माः॑ । यत् ।
अ॒स्य॒ । प्र॒त्नऽथा॑ । उ॒त्ऽईर॑ते । विश्वा॑ । यत् । गो॒त्रा । सह॑सा ।
परि॑ऽवृता । मदे॑ । सोम॑स्य । दृं॒हि॒तानि॑ । ऐर॑यत् ॥
15. गो॒त्र॒भिदं॑ गो॒विदं॒ वज्र॑बाहुं॒ जय॑न्त॒मज्म॑ प्रमृ॒णन्त॒मोज॑सा
। इ॒मं स॑जाता॒ अनु॑ वीरयध्व॒मिन्द्रं॑ सखायो॒ अनु॒ सं र॑भध्वम् ॥
गोत्रभिदं गोविदं वज्रबाहुं जयन्तमज्म प्रमृणन्तमोजसा । इमं सजाता अनु
वीरयध्वमिन्द्रं सखायो अनु सं रभध्वम् ॥
gotrabhidaṃ govidaṃ vajrabāhuṃ jayantam ajma pramṛṇantam ojasā | imaṃ
sajātā anu vīrayadhvam indraṃ sakhāyo anu saṃ rabhadhvam ||
“Imitate in heroism, you kindred warriors, follow, friends, in prowess
this Indra <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/indra#hinduism>, who is
the breaker ofmountains, the acquirer of water, armed with the thunderbolt,
conquering the swift (foe), destroying (the enemy)by his might.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Breaker of mountains: or of clouds; or of gotras
<https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/gotra#hinduism> (a race of asuras
<https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/asura#hinduism>); Gotrabhit =
breaking into thecow-stall rv 6.65.5 REPEATS THE SAME. KR IRS 3122
16.
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On Sun, 2 Jan 2022 at 12:48, 'gopala krishnan' via iyer123 <
[email protected]> wrote:
> QUES ANSW DIVINE 3
>
> Q1 What happens before the first and after the seventh globes?
>
> A1 We don’t just visit each planet once, but seven times total. We go
> around each of the seven globes seven times, or have seven Rounds total. We
> are presently in the fourth Round of our whole Chain of Rounds.
>
> *This means some of us, in the far distant past, were on the Earth three
> times* before in the three previous Rounds. Again, each Round has a main
> theme, with for example the fourth Round developing emotion in a grand
> sense, the fifth developing intellect, and so on.
>
> Q2 Whether the idol of a living person can be made?
>
> *A2 If the person is alive, then making his idol is prohibited.* Ekalavya
> made this mistake and ended on the wrong side (Adharma) in the Mahabharata
> war. Thus, *people who cannot find a Guru should worship Sage VedaVyasa
> with the Mantra “Vyam Vyaasadevaaya nama:”*
>
> Q3 Can you tell about Maha-mrityunjaya mantra ?
>
> A3 This Maha-mrityunjaya mantra is from the Rig-Veda (7th Book or Mandala,
> 59 Chapter) and needs initiation for attaining siddhi.
>
> Anybody can recite this mantra and attain good health, release from
> bondage and other problems. This is the greatest panacea for all evils and
> can be recited at any time like any other Maha-mantra.
>
> The Mahamrityunjaya mantra was taught by Lord Shiva to Sukracharya(Venus)
> the preceptor of the demons after he succeeded in the impossible test of
> hanging upside down from a tree for twenty years (Vimsottari dasa period)
> with smoke blowing into him from a fire lit beneath.
>
> Even Brihaspati was shocked at the prospect of such a terrible penance and
> calmly settled to observe Sukracharya accept the challenge of Indra and
> succeed.
>
> After the penance Lord Shiva taught the Mahamrityunjaya mantra to
> Sukracharya, who under very compelling circumstances had to teach this to
> the son of Brihaspati and that is how the devas also got the mantra. This
> mantra was given (sruti) to Vasistha Maharishi for the welfare of this
> world. The mantra and explanation given by Sukracharya to Rishi Dadhicha
> when the latter's body was cut and thrown by Raja Kshuva is recorded in the
> Shiva Purana.
>
> Q4 Which worship is important next to Linga worship?
>
> A4 "The worship of the Serpent, next to the adoration of the Phallus, is
> one of the most remarkable, and at first sight, unaccountable forms of
> religion the world has ever known. Until the true source from whence it
> sprang can be reached and understood, its nature will remain as mysterious
> as its universality. *There is hardly a country of the ancient world,
> however, where it cannot be traced pervading every known system of
> mythology*
>
> Q5 How many births and death takes place in a second in the world?
>
> A5 I happen to read in the World Almanac that for every 3 seconds 9
> births and 6 deaths take place
>
> Q6 Who is inventor of Algebra?
>
> A6 Aryabhatta is considered as the inventor of algebra; Aryabhatta was
> born at Kusumapura (Patna) in A.D. 476, and his first astronomical work was
> composed at the age of twenty-three.
>
> Q7 What is ANULOMA and Viloma?
>
> A7 Anuloma refers to a Birh of a child of a mother whose caste is inferior
> to that of the father. Viloma refers to the birth when the mother is
> superior in caste to that of the father.
>
> Q8 What is the relation between Gothra and Y chromosome? How was this
> genetic work done?
>
> A8 Geneticists used a scientific fact, that most of the male Y-chromosome
> is passed intact from father to son. Females do not carry the Y-chromosome.
> With modern advances in genetics, this fact has been used to trace paternal
> lineage
>
> ‘Gothra’ is an identity carried by male lineage in India from time
> immemorial. *Most people have gothra chain names traceable to Rig Vedic
> Rishis like ‘Gowthama’, ‘Vasishta’ ‘Viswamithra’ and to first sons of
> Vaivaswatha Manu like Angirasa & Bhrigu. *
>
> *Purana* such as *Vishnu* *Purana* refer to individual identity through ‘
> *Gothra*’. Listings of more than 250 *Gothra* chains have been explicitly
> listed. I have heard of instances of Muslims converted from Hinduism
> still keeping track of their ‘*Gothra*’.
>
> For example we know that Buddha, named Siddhartha was of ‘*Gowthama
> Gothra*’. It means that his Y-chromosomes were probably from Rig-Vedic
> Rishi ‘*Gowthama Rahoogana*’.
>
> How did the people of 3000-4000 years ago realize that genetically there
> was transference of some unique characteristics only from father to son (in
> the form of Y-chromosomes)? In recent past when it was fashionable to
> condemn all Indian traditional systems as of no value, non-believers have
> referred to ‘*Gothra*’ as archaic, unscientific, irrelevant and male
> chauvinistic!
>
> Modern DNA & genetic research has confirmed male line Y-chromosomal
> transference, through 8 generations in case of Thomas Jefferson. ‘Gothra’
> in essence really stands for Y-chromosomal identity.
>
> Nearly 2500 years have passed since death of Buddha, but many ‘*Gowthama
> Gothra*’ individuals exist now also. They can claim genetic relation to
> Buddha. Typically 4 generations occur in 100 years and in 2500 years nearly
> 100 generations are complete.
>
> Other ‘*Gothra*’ chains may have run 100-200 generations from Vedic
> period if male lineage did continue unbroken. Do Y-chromosomes remain
> intact after, say 100 generations of unbroken male issues? Genetic
> mutations may or may not have changed some Y-chromosomes.
>
> This appears to be a very interesting field of research for future to see
> if persons of same ‘*Gothra*’ in the present generations have common and
> unique Y-chromosomal features. Dr S.Balakrishna
> <http://www.indianest.com/writers/sbalakrishna.htm> May 15 2000
>
> Q9 Who is Amba?
>
> *A9 Amba is also the name of the eldest of the seven Pleiades, the
> heavenly sisters*, each of whom was married to the seven sages of the
> constellation Great Bear.
>
> Q10 Who is Angiras?
>
> A10 ANGIRAS- A Vedic sage, Many hymns of the Rig Veda are attributed to
> him. All Rishis accorded him high status. He is included as one of the
> seven Maharishis, one of the ten Prajapatis, and a frequent companion of
> Indra.
>
> Angiras is also considered an epithet for the father of Agni. He is
> connected with hymns addressed to Agni, Indra and other luminous deities
>
> His wives are Smriti (memory), Shradha (reverence), Swaha (oblation), and
> Sad (truth). His daughters were Richas (Vedic hymns). His sons were the
> Manes called Havishmats. Utathya, Brihaspati, and Markandeya were also said
> to be his sons
> Q11 Who are APSARAS?
>
> A11 -APSARAS Celebrated nymphs of Indra's heaven. Literally the word
> means ‘moving in the water’; *these nymphs are said to have emerged as a
> result of the churning of the ocean and are very fond of water sports*.
> They are able to change their forms and are very liberal in granting their
> favours. *At Indra's instance, they often detract the sages from their
> austerities,* specially when Indra feels his throne threatened. They are
> denizens of Anatariksha (q.v.).
>
> Q12 What do Swastika represents?
> A12 Swastika represents the union of male and female together in action
> producing motion
>
> Q13 Who was sage Atri?
> A13 A Vedic sage is said to have composed many hymns in praise of Agni,
> Indra, the Ashwins and the Vishwa-Devas. He was also considered one of
> the ten Prajapatis assigned the task of human generation Rama along with
> Sita and Lakshman visited Atri's hermitage during his exile from Ayodhya.
>
> Q14 Who was the first king established monogamy?
>
> A14 Dasharatha had three wives that was common for kings, and continued
> for centuries. *But Rama established the concept of monogamy and he
> strictly adhered to it. Gradually this* concept and tradition of monogamy
> took roots in Indian society
> Q15 What is the inter relation between Knowledge and faith?
>
> A15 In science you have knowledge first, and then faith follows. In
> spirituality, faith comes first, and then Knowledge follows.
>
> For example, the knowledge that pesticides and chemical fertilizers are
> good for plants came through science, and people had faith in it, and all
> over the world they were used.
>
> And then another knowledge came that they were not good and the faith
> shifted to organic farming. The same with antibiotics.
>
>
>
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