Q 10: 1 ‘Hominid’ and ‘hominin’ are derived from names used in the scientific classification of apes (including humans). By international convention, certain word endings are used for specific taxons or levels within this classification. For example, ‘family’ names always end in ‘-idae’ (e.g., Hominidae), ‘subfamily’ names end in ‘inae’ (eg Homininae) and ‘tribe’ (1) names end in ‘ini’ (eg Hominini). These formal names are then abbreviated to give the common names hominid, hominine, and hominin respectively.
2 From where these conclusions were reached by the modern science? Fossils and guess work. [image: Homo Habilis][image: Human evolution drawings][image: Sahelanthropus tchadensis, Toumai skull][image: Skull of a Neanderthal youth][image: ‘Lucy’ Australopithecus afarensis skull][image: Australopitheus africanus]etc. Can 1000 excavated articles of distant parts and the DNA chains would decide 7 billion people origins? 3 On the contrary, about 10 millennium ago a text said that Gotra is defined as clans on the earth arose out of many rishis who were born simultaneously from one Prajapati. ) GOTRA: In Hindu society, the term gotra means clan. It broadly refers to people who are descendants in an unbroken male line from a common male ancestor or patriline. Gotra can be used as surname but it is different from surname and is strictly maintained because of its importance in marriages among Hindus and especially among high Hindu-castes. 4 Pāṇini defines gotra for grammatical purposes as apatyam pautraprabhrti gotram (IV. 1. 162), which means "the word gotra denotes the progeny (of a sage) beginning with the son's son." When a person says "I am Kashyapa-gotra," he means that he traces his descent from the ancient sage Kashyapa by unbroken male descent. 5 According to the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 2.2.6, Gautama and Bharadvaja, Viswamitra and Jamadagni, Vasishta and Kashyapa, and Atri are seven sages (also known as Saptarishi); the progeny of these eight sages is declared to be gotras. This enumeration of eight primary gotras seems to have been known to Panini. The offspring (apatya) of these eight are gotras and others than these are called gotrâvayava. As a Rigvedic term, gotra simply means "cow shelter" and more generally "stable enclosure". The narrowed meaning "family, lineage kin" (as it were "herd within an enclosure") is from the Chandogya Upanishad). These "lineages" as they developed during that time meant Patri-lineal descent among Brahmins (the Brahmin gotra system), warriors and administrators in Kshatriyas and ancestral tradesmen in Vaisyas. There exists another theory about gotra: sons of rishi and disciples of the gurukulam would have the same gotra. It is believed that they possess similar thought and philosophy. People of the same gotra can be found in different castes. 6 Rig Veda 2.17.1 तद॑स्मै॒ नव्य॑मङ्गिर॒स्वद॑र्चत॒ शुष्मा॒ यद॑स्य प्र॒त्नथो॒दीर॑ते । विश्वा॒ यद्गो॒त्रा सह॑सा॒ परी॑वृता॒ मदे॒ सोम॑स्य दृंहि॒तान्यैर॑यत् ॥ tad asmai navyam aṅgirasvad arcata śuṣmā yad asya pratnathodīrate | viśvā yad gotrā sahasā parīvṛtā made somasya dṛṃhitāny airayat || “Address, worshippers, after the manner of *Aṅgiras <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/angiras#hinduism>*, a new (hymn) to that Indra <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/indra#hinduism>, whose withering (energies) were developed of old; who, in the exhilaration of the Soma <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/soma#hinduism>, forced open the obstructed and solid clouds.” Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya: Yad gotrā <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/gotra#hinduism>, i.e. gotrāṇi, clouds; from go, water; tra, to preserve or contain; Gotra <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/gotra#hinduism> = herds of cattle, the cows of the Aṅgirasas <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/angirasa#hinduism> recovered by Indra. 1. गो॒त्र॒भिदं॑ गो॒विदं॒ वज्र॑बाहुं॒ जय॑न्त॒मज्म॑ प्रमृ॒णन्त॒मोज॑सा । इ॒मं स॑जाता॒ अनु॑ वीरयध्व॒मिन्द्रं॑ सखायो॒ अनु॒ सं र॑भध्वम् ॥ gotrabhidaṃ govidaṃ vajrabāhuṃ jayantam ajma pramṛṇantam ojasā | imaṃ sajātā anu vīrayadhvam indraṃ sakhāyo anu saṃ rabhadhvam || “Imitate in heroism, you kindred warriors, follow, friends, in prowess this Indra <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/indra#hinduism>, who is the breaker of mountains, the acquirer of water, armed with the thunderbolt, conquering the swift (foe), destroying (the enemy)by his might.” Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya: Breaker of mountains: or of clouds; or of gotras <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/gotra#hinduism> (a race of asuras <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/asura#hinduism>); Gotrabhit = breaking into the cow-stall rv 6.65.5 REPEATS THE SAME. 7 All life on Earth <http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/earth/> evolved from a single-celled organism that lived roughly 3.5 billion years ago, a new study seems to confirm. The study supports the widely held "universal common ancestor" theory first proposed by Charles Darwin more than 150 years ago. Using computer models and statistical methods, biochemist Douglas Theobald <http://www.bio.brandeis.edu/faculty/theobald.html> calculated the odds that all species from the three main groups, or "domains," of life evolved from a common ancestor—versus, say, descending from several different life-forms or arising in their present form, Adam and Eve style. The domains are bacteria, bacteria-like microbes called Archaea, and eukaryotes, the group that includes plants and other multicellular species, such as humans. The "best competing multiple ancestry hypothesis" has one species giving rise to bacteria and one giving rise to Archaea and eukaryotes, said Theobald, a biochemist at Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts. But, based on the new analysis, the odds of that are "just astronomically enormous," he said. "The number's so big, it's kind of silly to say it"—1 in 10 to the 2,680th power, or 1 followed by 2,680 zeros. Theobald also tested the creationist idea that humans arose in their current form and have no evolutionary ancestors. The statistical analysis showed that the independent origin of humans is "an absolutely horrible hypothesis," Theobald said, adding that the probability that humans were created separately from everything else is 1 in 10 to the 6,000th power. (KR Does it sound scientific?!!) ( National Geography). 8 One of the axioms in Darwin’s day, *natura non facit saltus* <https://uncommondescent.com/intelligent-design/darwin-and-natura-non-facit-saltus/>, which your good Latin training will tell you means nature does not make leaps; things happen incrementally. But horizontal gene transfer has revealed that nature *does *sometimes make leaps, whereby huge lumps of DNA can appear in an individual or population *quite suddenly* and then natural selection acts on* them*. That can be a very important mechanism in the evolution of new species. We now understand that we humans, along with most other creatures, are composites of other creatures. Not just the microbiome living in our bellies and intestines, but creatures that have over time become inserted in our very cells. Every cell in the human body contains, for instance, little mechanisms that help package energy. Those are called mitochondria <https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/the-origin-of-complex-life-it-was-all-about-energy>. We now realize that those mitochondria are the descendants of captured bacteria that were either swallowed by, or infected, the cells that became complex cells of all animals and plants. Likewise, 8 percent of the human genome, we now know, is viral DNA, which has come into our lineage by infection over the last 100 million years or so. Some of that viral DNA is still functioning as genes that are important for human life and reproduction. David Quaymen, a National Geographic contributing writer, explains in his new book *The Tangled Tree*, <https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/36373639-the-tangled-tree> new discoveries in human biology in the last few decades have led scientists to radically alter the story of the origins of life <https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/07/140716-giant-viruses-science-life-evolution-origins/>, with powerful implications for our health—and even our very nature. (Darwin is wrong). 9 Hence Vedic descriptions of the flora and fauna and the human chains appears far better evolution than Darwinism. KR IRS 9122 On Sun, 9 Jan 2022 at 11:42, Rajaram Krishnamurthy <[email protected]> wrote: > Pranam > The framing of this question is neither scientific nor according to the > veda sastra; so why such Karunanidhi type questions?. KR IRS 9122 {As we > know the Sun is not moving,(???) but as per Hindu mythology, the Sun has > a chariot run by seven horses. What is its significance? > > On Sun, 9 Jan 2022 at 05:58, 'gopala krishnan' via iyer123 < > [email protected]> wrote: > >> *CULTURAL QA 01-2022-09* >> >> *BEING A COMPILATION THERE MAY BE ERRORS* >> >> *Q1 What do you have in your refrigerator that most people do >> not?* >> >> A1 Sangeeta HR | A movie lover| Fiction reader | Mumbaikar | >> A mother Fri >> >> *Frozen milk packets!!* >> >> I hate buying milk on daily basis and hence, I use this strategy. I have >> seen my mother doing it and I also find this more convenient than tracking >> the availability of milk on daily basis and buying packets as and when >> required. >> >> *I buy 3–5 liters of milk on weekly basis and whenever, I need it, I drop >> a packet of milk in a* bucket full of water. Wait for an hour to allow >> the milk to get back to its liquid form. If I need this on urgent basis >> then I just cut open the plastic packet and move the milk in solid form to >> the milk pan and heat it. The milk is ready to consume in next 10 minutes. >> >> During Vardah cyclone, the situation was very critical in Chennai. It was >> tough for people to move out of the house to even buy essentials like >> milk and vegetables. At that point of time, I handed over a couple of >> packets of milk to people with babies at home. >> >> Many people prefer to buy milk on daily basis as they believe that the >> milk would get spoiled in maximum of 2 days’ time. So this hack might help >> people to store milk for a week or 10 days and enjoy tea/coffee as and when >> required. >> >> *My note- While going out of station, my wife keep* surplus pack in >> refrigerator, and prepare milk as told above, but uses it for preparing >> curd. Learnt members can write on it-*whether it is a healthy practice.* >> >> *Q2 What happens if a patient goes to a lab but they cannot >> find the vein to draw their blood?* >> >> Tomaž Vargazon Practicing atheist Updated Thu >> >> The standard procedure is to get someone else, who will find a vein. If >> this doesn’t work, you can also do this: >> >> It hurts like hell, but you can see these veins. >> >> If even this doesn’t cut it, you can do most analyses from capillary >> blood too. This is frequently done in the case of drug addicts, not so much >> because you can’t possibly find a vein, but because their veins are brittle >> and burst at vein puncture so you need to start anew. >> >> *Usually the patient will remove his consent and say* they don’t want >> their blood work done at all before you run out of options. >> >> *Q3 Does an Indian husband say goodnight to his wife before >> sleep?* >> >> A3 Bhuvana Rameshwar South Indian culture Jan 2 >> >> Yes, we often do whenever we go to sleep at the same time. When my >> husband says “good night” I reply the same to him. >> >> If he is watching TV or doing some other work I take leave saying “ I'm >> tired, I'm going to sleep, are you coming? “. He replies he will take >> another hour. So I go, shut the door to avoid the TV sound which gives him >> company. >> >> If he is tired he pushes off with a simple good night and a bottle of >> water.in >> >> his hand He says the goodnight more easily. I am a little uncomfortable >> with the English word good night as we speak Tamizh at home. >> >> Besides i’m not used to the Tamizh word “ Nal iravu” for good night. So >> the hesitatation. >> >> *Q4 As we know the Sun is not moving, but as per Hindu >> mythology, the Sun has a chariot run by seven horses. What is its >> significance?* >> >> A4 Mahesh Mallia Updated 5h >> >> I would like to answer this based on Science because the modern mind will >> not accept anything blindly just because its mentioned in our scriptures. >> >> *Modern science says that the Sun is not stationary.* The Sun and in >> fact, our whole solar system orbits around the center of the Milky Way >> Galaxy at an amazing speed of 828,000 km/hr. See this amazing animation >> below to understand this phenomenon: >> >> So your question is factually wrong. As for the seven horses, the >> ancient civilization probably did not know anything faster than horses, so >> they added not one but seven horses to run this super fast Chariot of the >> Sun!! >> >> *Q5 How could ancient people manage to live with extreme cold >> in Europe with no heating services available today?* >> >> A5 JV Nande A Portuguese TV writer living in Brazil. >> www.jvnande.comJan 2 >> >> *I would say the main way was fire, either a fireplace or a wood stove*. >> I’m originally from Northern Portugal, where temperatures can get to >> negative Celsius during the winter, and I grew up without central heating, >> but *my grandmother always had the fire running in the stove, so the >> kitchen was a great place to be and get away from the cold.* When you >> went to bed, some extra blankets would do the trick. >> >> But there was a second way: architecture. Houses in Northern Portugal >> were originally built with a thermally stable material which also happened >> to be *laying around: big blocks of granite. The warmth from a fire >> wouldn’t get lost easily.* >> >> Also, did you notice this is a two-storey house? There’s a reason for >> that. *People would live upstairs while the cattle would be downstairs.* >> This way, the heat generated by the cows or sheep’s breathing (and also the >> fermentation of their manure) would keep people warmer. Some houses even >> had a kind of a gutter that went from the kitchen directly into the pig >> trough, so people could dispose of meal leftovers or potato peels >> immediately and feed the hogs without too much of a hassle. >> >> *So, fire, clothes and ingenuity: that is how people managed to live with >> extreme cold in Europe. And some still do.* >> >> *Q6 Do you use WhatsApp or telegram (or something else)? What >> are pros and cons of each and what led you to choose whatever you're going >> with?* >> >> A6 Gopalkrishna Vishwanath Willing responder to survey >> questions Fri >> >> *I use WhatsApp. It meets my needs. I don’t know the pros and cons and I >> am not interested.* >> >> I don’t want to take the trouble to switch to Telegram or Signal or >> whatever even if they are better. >> >> I have heard about the controversy regarding the new terms and conditions >> that WhatsApp wanted to introduce. >> >> I am not bothered. Let the terms and conditions be anything. I never read >> them anyway. >> >> I have nothing to hide and am unconcerned with privacy. The presence or >> absence of the so-called “end-to-end encryption” is not an issue for me. >> >> *For decades, during my youth, I wrote postcards and mailed them and >> anybody could read them,* not just the recipient. I will continue using >> WhatsApp because all my contacts are on WhatsApp. >> >> Some of them, influenced by the negative publicity did switch to Telegram >> and they sent me messages informing me. They all came back to WhatsApp >> later when they found no one there to exchange messages with. I believe the >> controversy is now closed. >> >> *Q7 I want to change my address in my passport. Will I get the >> same passport number or will it be changed?* >> >> A7 Bhuvana Rameshwar Lived abroad a few years 1h >> >> You will get a new number. >> >> If you want to change your address in your passport as you are relocating >> to a new place or changing house you need to apply for a re - issue of >> passport. *Change of address has to be updated as soon as possible as >> per govt rules.* >> >> They will issue a new passport to you which will have a new passport >> number and your new ( updated) address. >> >> *Q8 Is rice dangerous for a kidney stone patient?* >> >> A8 Lucia Garcia Worked at Hospitals11h >> >> Rice is the staple food for more than half of the world's population, >> including countless people with kidney stones, but they still eat rice >> every day. >> >> *Rice is an extremely nutrient-rich food, and rice has nothing to do with >> kidney stones.* >> >> Kidney stones are preventable and treatable, and the easiest way to >> prevent and treat kidney stones is to eat the right foods. >> >> *Studies have shown that approximately 70% to 80% of stones are calcium >> oxalate stones.* >> >> The accumulation of oxalic acid in the body is the main factor leading to >> kidney stones. >> >> *In addition, excessive intake of high-sugar, high-protein and >> high-purine foods is also linked to kidney stones.* >> >> Kidney stone patients should eat less foods high in oxalic acid, such as >> spinach, beans, carrots, mushrooms, amaranth, coriander, celery, grapes, >> oranges, strawberries and so on. >> >> It is recommended *that patients with kidney stones often eat some black >> fungus*. Black fungus contains alkaloids and various minerals, which can >> produce a strong chemical reaction to kidney stones, dissolve the stones, >> shrink them and excrete them from the body. >> >> *Patients with kidney stones also are advised to drink plenty of water*. >> Studies have shown that a 50% increase in urine output can reduce the >> incidence of kidney stones by 85%. >> >> *Q9 Did Indian railways ever closed a railway station for any >> reason permanently?* >> >> A9 Vivek Singh Lives in India (1989–present)Tue >> >> *Cochin Harbour Terminus - CHTS (Kerala) was* closed permanently, due to >> the objections by Indian Navy during electrification, as the train >> tracks were extremely close to the Naval air strip. Recently, they tried >> to revive the station by running a DEMU between CHTS and Ernakulam, but due >> to operational constraints it was shelved again. >> >> Howbagh Railway Station in Jabalpur (M.P.) was closed permanently after >> the Gauge Conversion, as the route of the station passes through the >> heart of the city (which is not safe for the Broad Gauge Trains >> movement). >> >> Old Munger station (Bihar) (which was a terminal in MG era) was closed >> permanently post Gauge Conversion. A new BG station was created and the >> bridge on Ganga river was built, hence ceasing the existence of Munger as a >> terminal. >> >> There are few more stations like Gauri Phanta in UP (Code: GPF), etc >> that were closed, but I am not aware of the proper reasons (my wild guess, >> the income must be too low to continue). >> >> My note- Ranipet in North Arcot District was functioning while I was >> working there from 1966 end to March 1972. The railway route Wallaja road- >> Ranipet telecom line was under my jurisdiction. The passenger train >> with a lot of goods boggies was hauled by a steam engine. Distance of about >> 7 KMs. Details of the route is as follows:- >> >> Laid in 1858, disuse in 1995. Station was again put in to service on Jan >> 20, 2021, probably after Ranipet district was formed. >> >> CHENNAI: Southern Railway on Wednesday loaded the first rake ..on Jan 20, >> 2021. >> >> *Q10 Is it possible that people from different regions of the >> world evolved from different hominid species?* >> >> A10 Claire Jordan Degree in biology and folklore; programmer, >> shop owner, secretary on newspaper Thu >> >> Yes and no. All the human groups we know of are at least 94% descended >> from the same species, *Homo sapiens*. However, with the possible >> exception of a few small groups in central Africa none of us is *pure* >> Homo sapiens - we all have a dash of genes from various other human groups >> such as Neanderthals and Denisovans, whom we regard as separate species >> from H sapiens because the evidence suggests that although they could >> hybridise with H sapiens, a high proportion of these hybrids were sterile. >> >> *Q11 Why was Prince Philip never called a king?* >> >> A11 Jill GrantFormer Retail Sales (1976–2003)Dec 8 >> >> He was a prince of Greece and Denmark . A King is a ruler and Philip >> wasn’t going to rule, he was only the spouse of the Queen who did rule. >> >> They were married before her father died and Philip was given a British >> title, Duke of Edinburgh. He didn’t like the idea of being called a >> Prince Consort. >> >> He also wanted his family name given to his children. Mountbatten, but >> Elizabeth wanted the Windsor name too. >> >> *Q12 Can a power supply step up DC to AC?* >> >> A12 Dave Haynie BSEE/Math, CMU 1983, I design digital, analog, >> and RF systems.Jan 2 >> >> Sure. That's a device known as an inverter. I have this device, a 600W >> inverter, in my car, attached to the 12V battery. This produces a pretty >> normal AC output. >> >> I get a normal output because this is a pure sine wave inverter: normal >> AC power delivered to your house is a sine wave. *Cheaper inverters can >> produce square waves or “simulated" sine waves made by stepping voltage at >> multiple levels*. These can cause problems or inefficiencies with some >> AC devices. >> >> My car actually has its own inverter. Most hybrid and electric cars these >> days use multiphasic AC motors driven by batteries, which store DC of >> course. My 2015 Prius has a 200Vdc battery pack that's stepped up and >> inverted to deliver 650Vac to the motors. That's the inverter/power >> conversion unit (PCU) on the right. The day-glo orange cables are the high >> voltage cables. The pink stuff is the inverter coolant. >> >> The inverter uses very efficient insulated-gate bipolar transistors >> (IGBT), but they still get very hot and need cooling. Tesla started using >> silicon-carbide transistors their inverters in 2017, and Toyota used a >> similar inverter design in the 2020 Mirai, their hydrogen fuel cell hybrid. >> Silicon-carbide promises to boost efficiency by over 10%. >> >> *All the above QA are from Quora website on 08-01- 2022. * >> >> *Compiled and posted by R. Gopala krishnan ,78, former ITS on >> 09-01-2022* >> >> -- >> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups >> "iyer123" group. >> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an >> email to [email protected]. >> To view this discussion on the web visit >> https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/iyer123/1129418777.2199507.1641688080734%40mail.yahoo.com >> <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/iyer123/1129418777.2199507.1641688080734%40mail.yahoo.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer> >> . >> > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/CAL5XZoqk7WV%3DjVsUnKDKjFcEgm_qN6ULh_5ZyDfetY%3Df_vJqVw%40mail.gmail.com.
