RADIO AND TV RECEIVERS Most call a TV receiver as TV. Earlier Radio receiverwas called as Radio. Probably it might have been due to convenience in usage. In this posting also radio receiver is told asradio and TV receiver as TV. I recollect studying valve type TV receiver in themodern physics class in the college during 1964.Transisters was just gettingintroduced at that time. A nostalgiclook in to radios and TV. Nothing serious in this posting.
Sincerely, Gopalakrishnan 29-1-2022 1Valve typeradios. These radios were bigger in size. These radios had a magic eye whichshowed the strength of the signal received from a radio station transmitter tuned.A copper wire was erected on terrace for a length of about 10 feet. It wasconnected to two small ceramic insulators. These ceramic insulators had twoholes. Copper wire was connected to oneof the holes of them and using the other end it was tied to pole. Copper wirewas extended to the radio through an insulated copper wire and connected to apin. This was connected to radio. We had to insert the pin tightly to the holeprovided in the radio. Radios operated from AC power. Signals from many foreign radio stations could be obtainedin radio on tuning. This is due to reflection in Appleton layer of theatmosphere. In India the transmissionwas terrestrial, and only nearby radio signals could be obtained. Local stations relayed the transmission from centerslike New Delhi. Radio was kept on a stand in hall and connected to a powerpoint. Everyday newspaper had the programme of the nearby stations. People referredto Newspaper to ensure the time of good programmes. Murphy and Philips were leaders in manufacturingradios. Later period antenna was erectedwith in room, it was a copper mesh connected to insulator plates. Nails werefixed and the mesh was erected in hall and the insulated wire extended toradio. Nobody thought the meshwould mar the appearance of the room. While living in rented homes, the owners used tocharge an extra amount for Radio’s power consumption. 2 Transistorradios Transistor radio receivers appeared later, smaller insize which had telescopic antenna fitted on it. The antenna was a rod and itcould be pulled as required to receive weak signals. Transistor radios workedon battery. Some people connected transistor radio to power socket through a battery eliminator. Thepower voltage was reduced to 12 volts DC by the eliminator. Radio transmissionwas only up to 10 PM in the night. Till theappearance of black and white TV, radios were kept in high prominence. Nowwhile travelling in cars we listen to radio, radio signals are received throughan antenna fitted on car. In remote areas now also people listen to radios. 3. Radio license Yearly one had to pay radio license. It was paid inpost office. This practice was stopped sometimes after the appearance of TV.Onetime license fee was charged for TV also in earlier times. 4 TV usingresistances and transistor The earliest TV had no integrated circuit using chips.They were made using transistors and resistances and a step down transformer inthe TV was used for this. However picture tube required 240V AC. These wereblack and white TVs smaller in size of a radio. Unlike radio, there were many manufacturers for TV.Philips and Murphy were not in the field. 5 TV using IC After some time TV using IC appeared. TV size becamelarge. Some of thebrands coming to my recollection are Salora, Dyanora, Orson, konark, and Beltek.Depending on the size of picture tube price was increased. The size of the TVwas measured diagonally. 6. Colour TV Keltron from Kerala supplied TV to Bangalore, wherecolour transmission was there. In Kerala there was no colour Transmission atthat time. BPL was a leader in colour TV manufacturing. A costly TV was Sony. Evennow many homes have picture tube type TV as main TV or second TV. 7 Assembledmother board Electronic shops came with assembled mother board withnew features later. Rather than purchasing new TV most replaced the motherboard. Expert technicians did it even in residences. 8. Change inpicture tube. The size of picture tube decided the TV dimension and itsprice. TVs where placed in different types of stands in the hall. 8 Antennas. To receive the TV signals large size antenna waserected on roof top using GI pipe. Yagi antenna was erected and connected to TVusing flat cable. This was till cable TVbecoming common. 9 Cable TV. These operators received signals from differenttransmission stations and extended through cable to homes. Their cable wastaken tying to electric poles. They received the signals in special largedishes. Cable TV eliminated roof antenna. Where cable TV was not available roofantenna continued. Cable TV operator charged monthly for the connectioncharges. Later they also came via a set up box for connection. 10 Flat TV Instead of oval picture tube appeared flat. This hadmain advantage as sharp pictured could be tuned. Flat TV continues in manyhomes. 11. Satellitetransmission and dish antenna. With satellite transmission signals could be clearlyobtained using a dish antenna. The signals were received in a setup box andconnected to TV. In the south in Chennai, First came Tatasky (now Tata play). Initiallythey had to be recharged using phone and the card purchased details. Now we can recharge easily using ATM card.Later many other companies appeared. Sun TV, Videocon D2h, Dish EV, Airtel TV etc.are important players in the field. 12. LCD, LED,Plasma TV With gradual reduction of picture tube TV, these typeof TV eliminating picture tube started appearing. Now we get mostly LED andplasma TV. However their sizes are large, weight is lesser than picture tubeTV. Lately MI TV has appeared which uses a different software using android IClike in a smart phone. 13. DoordarshanTransmission. We can get setup box and dish antenna to getdoorsarshan transmission. Doordarshan channels are free. Very few privatechannels also we can see along with. All doordarshan channels in India are available.Comparing to other channels doordarshan programmes are more informative. In othertransmissions also doordarshan are available free of charge. I have a TV connection exclusively with Doordarshan programsin my home. Often I listen to them. 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