CULTURAL QA 04-2022-02 BEING A COMPILATIONTHERE MAY BE ERRORS
Q1 When does aluminum rust? A1 Steven Haddock Studied at YorkUniversity (Canada) Mar 21 If it’s exposed to something that dissolves the layer ofaluminum oxides that form on it. Unlike iron oxides,aluminum oxides are oxygen proof and prevent the underlying metal from beingexposed to more oxygen. This oxygen proof layer forms incredibly quickly onaluminum, literally within seconds. However, somemetals, notably mercury and gallium, prevent this layer from forming properlyso instead of forming an oxygen proof coating, it forms an ugly set of aluminumoxide crystals instead that expose even more aluminum to oxygen. The “fur” here isaluminum oxides. Unlike iron, which reacts rather much slowly to oxygen, aluminum that isn’t protectedforms oxides very quickly. You never find freealuminum metal in nature, you always find it like this This is bauxite, anore made up of aluminum, oxygen and other elements. Getting the aluminum out is very energy intensivebut bauxite and other aluminum ores are very common in the earth’s crust. Q2 Why are animals like horses andgorillas able to extract so much protein from grass and leaves? Could wegenetically engineer plants or supplement certain enzymes to do the same forus? A2 Israel Ramirez Retired Biopsychologist Updated23h The idea that vegetarian diets must be protein-deficientis a myth. Gorillas eat a lotof leaves, about 68% of their diet in one study. Leaves must contain a lot ofprotein because the machinery that converts light into usable energy is made ofprotein.[1] Scientists haveanalyzed gorilla diets and found that they contain substantial amounts ofprotein. The leaves contain between 11–32% protein.[2] In one study macronutrientconcentrations for their entire diet by weight were: fat 0.5%, protein 11.8%, available carbohydrate 7.7%, dietary fiber 74.0. It’s tricky to calculate protein as a percentage ofcalories because gorillas can digest a lot morefiber than we can.Our digestive tract is short and simple. Gorillas have a bigger largeintestine than we do. ..If you convert raw weights of their foods intothe energy gorillas absorb, gorillas get about 24% of their energy as proteinand maybe 57% of their calories from fiber.[6] Is that enough protein? Gorilla diet protein levels are well within the range(10–35%) usually recommended for people.[7] Humanbodybuilders probably need more; they probably should “consume a dietconsisting of 25 to 30 percent of their total calorie intake from protein.”[8] So, gorillas definitely get enough protein on a vegetariandiet to become big and strong.Horses eat grass which is typically 16-28%protein, similar to the level for gorilla food.[9] Comment Gorillasaren’t the only strong vegetarians. Chimpanzees and bonobos get a little meat,but their diet is mostly vegetarian. The same goes for orangutans. Theseanimals are stronger than human bodybuilders. Q3 What happens to the old lithium-ionbatteries from electric and hybrid electric cars when they are changed? A3 Lance Pickup Been driving electric forover 10 yearsMar 25 Despite what theanti-EV naysayers say, usedEV batteries will not wind up in the landfill once their capacity decreasesenough that it’s no longer suitable for use in an EV (usually about60–70% of original capacity). Rather, they will be reused in stationary storage applications foryears after that (this is already the case for Nissan LEAF batteriesthat have reached the end of their life in vehicles). Even after thatsecond use, they won’t be thrown out (although if they did, there is nothingparticularly harmful about spent Li-ion batteries—another myth perpetuated bythose afraid of EVs). Thematerials that comprise the batteries are way too valuable to simply toss. Soinstead, they will be recycled Many battery recyclers are ramping up their capacity.Right now, there aren’t a lot of end-of-life EV batteries in the recycle streambecause most are still in use, so it will take some time before the economiesof scale allow for the economics of battery recycling to favor the recyclersrather than the mining/processing stream for new battery construction, buteventually this will happen. In the meantime, companies are maturing at least threedifferent recycling techniques that are able to recover 85% to close to 100% ofthe initial battery materials. The processes used arenot all that different than the processes used to process the raw materials inthe first place, except all the materials are in one place and not scattered indifferent geographical regions around the world. All three techniques start bygrinding up the battery into a powder which is then processed by eitherpyrometallurgical techniques, or hydro-metallurgical techniques (the pyrotechnique is not able to recover the graphite, but the hydro is). A third process in developmentuses electromagnetic waves to separate the materials into their constituentminerals. Q4 What should I do to waterproof my home? A4 UltraTech Cement India’s No 1 Cement. Updated6mo The best solutionfor protecting your home against water seepage in the long run, iswaterproofing. Waterproofing is critical in the following areas of your home: a) The bathroomsand kitchen as water is constantly used in these areas b) The water tankin case it’s located on the roof. If there is a leak, water can seep in throughthe roof c) Areas that aredirectly exposed to the elements like the roof, balcony and all outer walls andadjacent inner walls d) The basementsince it’s in direct contact with the Earth and moisture from the ground. Waterproofing increases the durability of your structureby preventing rusting and corrosion in walls. It alsoprevents fungus growth which helps avoid allergies or asthma triggers. Plus, ithelps save on extensive repairs due to water damage, and can help retain thevalue of your property. Steps involved inthe waterproofing process: a) Varieties of waterproofing products are availablein the market. Once you've chosen your waterproofing agent, grinding is done tosmoothen your home's walls. b) Any cracks willbe filled with concrete patches to ensure there are no gaps in the waterresistant barrier. c) The walls arethoroughly cleaned so that the waterproofing agent bonds well with the concrete d) The coat ofwaterproofing is applied onto the walls My note- I havemade a slope work with cement on bottom of outer walls of the first floor toavoid leakage to ground floor. One of my Chennai friends in Singapore suggested it when he visited my home inChennai during construction, telling it is followed inSingapore Q5 What are the most unusual places inIndia? A5 Vinod Kumar Teaching S.St, GK,preparing NTSE aspirants (1999–present)Wed You walk inside thesea water and you find a small well dug over there and this well contains freshdrinking water. Is that possible!If your answer is no, then do visit Villoondi Tirtham at Rameshwaram Famed for one ofthe beaches and being one of the 64 theerthas, Villoondi Tirtham is quitefamous among the tourists. Thrayambakeshvarar, a revered Prabhu Shiva shrine, islocated here. The presence of a fresh water springsituated inside the sea makes this place all the more special. History has it thatduring the time of the Ramayana, after rescuing his wife Sita from Ravana, Ramacame to Rameswaram and performed rituals and installed the Shiva linga. After completing their tasks, when they were returning, Sita said shewas thirsty and Rama took his arrow and shot it into the sea and from the placewhere his arrow pierced in the sea, emerged a spring. Incidentally,‘villoondi’ means ‘the place pierced by arrow’ and ‘Theertham’ means sacredwater in Tamil Q6 Do I need a drain cleaning every sixmonths? A6 Jerome Harth, Project Manager at PipingDesign Engineering (1981-present)Answered Tue If yourefrain from sending grease (butter, lard, fat, drippings, Pam), dough (flour,cornstarch, meal) and hair down your drains, you will never need a draincleaning. Or only once roots have penetrated the main. 2nd answer -Leahy Frazer Answered Tue It depends on howdirty your drains are and what kind of things you put them down. If you have agarbage disposal, you probably don't need to have them cleaned as often. But ifyou have a septic system, then it's crucial to get them cleaned regularlybecause the build-up of grease and other materials can cause problems with yoursystem. Most professional plumbers recommend having your drainscleaned every six months, but it may be more or lessfrequent, depending on your specific situation. If you're not sure whether ornot you need a drain cleaning, it's always best to consult with a professionalto get their advice.Royal Plumbing Services Agoura Hills My note- In Chennai vessel shops a substitute for sinkdrain cover is available. It is a half sphericalstainless steel filter, well fit in to sink drain cover location. All solids above the filter hole size will remain insink. Normally in the night such things transferred to waste box, vessels arejust cleaned and kept for good cleaning in the morning. Q6 What is a sixth sense organ? How can Iget six sense organs? A6 Ken Saladin Former professor ofhistology (microscopic anatomy)Mar 14 There’s no suchthing as a sixth sense organ. Don’t worry about it. “Sixth sense” isjust an expression some people use to mean intuition, more or less—an abilityto sense or realize something beyond the usual range to which people exercisetheir powers of perception and logic. The only organ underlying an imaginedsixth sense is the brain. Humans actually have around 20 different senses, not justthe popular notion of five senses that gave rise to theexpression “sixth sense.” Q7 Is it true that the chimpanzee is not98% identical to the human being? Does this disqualify the theory of evolutionand human evolution? A7 Krister Sundelin E-learning Producer(2020–present)Mar 25 Q: Is it true thatthe chimpanzee is not 98% identical to the human being? A: It is true that the human and chimpanzee genomes arevery similar. The exact number depends on whichgenes you count. If you count non-coding DNA, the similarity rate is lower; ifyou only count coding DNA, the similarity rate is higher. The reason for thisis that non-coding DNA is more volatile, since it is not that necessary for thecells to function. Q: Does this disqualifythe theory of evolution and human evolution? A: No. But the question disqualifies your education. Q8 How do rats react to mice? A8 Claire JordanDegree in biology andfolklore; programmer, shop owner, secretary on newspaper Thu Most rats will eatthem. I know of one casewhere some very amiable Himalayanbuck rats were actually friendly with mice, and some of my rats seemto regard the mice as a kind of soap opera and sit and gawp at them, but ingeneral rats are more likely to kill a mouse than cats are. This is exacerbatedby the fact that malemice have a very strong “male rodent” smell and some are macho enough toactually challenge a male rat. This can get the rat very angry andexcited. Q9 If charcoal is wood that has alreadybeen burned, how can it burn so well? A9 Amos Cline Research LaboratorySpecialist at University of Maine-Orono (1985–present) Updated Jan 27 There are three steps to burning wood. It has to beunderstood that about one third of the weight of a stick of wood is oxygen (drywood). That is because it is made from polysaccharides (complex sugars). Tablesugar or sucrose is C12 H22 O11, cellulose (one of the polysaccharides) is (C6H10 O5)n (n is the poly part, there are many C6 H10 O5s hooked together in longchains); so, it is made up of many sugars. If you heat up woodin a tin can it first torrfieies, during this stage it burns using the oxygenthat it contains. Thesecond step is it pyrolizes, the molecules come apart and come off as fuel gas(pyrolysis oils). The pyrolysis oils are what we see burning abovethe wood. The thirdthing that happens to wood then is combustion, which is theoxidizing of the pyrolysis oils or burning of the vapors above the wood. When you burnanything with hydrogen and carbon, the products of combustion is water (H2O)and carbon dioxide (CO2). A tree uses H2O, CO2 and sunlight in thephotosynthesis process to make the sugar (glucose)… that is how the wood ismade, from sugar. Whenyou burn a stick of wood the hydro-carbons burn which produce water and carbondioxide,eventually you are left with carbon and only carbon (and minerals…ash) in the tin can. Charcoal is carbon, it even looks like the stick of woodand has the grain pattern, of course it is as black as aboot at this point. If you look at a charcoal fire you may notice somethingthat looks like blue flames, this is super-heated gasses and not combustion ofhydrocarbons. The CO coming from the fire does burn above the charcoal fire andsometimes can be a light orange color the CO to CO2 is considered combustion orburning of the CO (which is a gaseous fuel). Most of the orange color is downinside the charcoal which is an orange glow. Charcoal is a solid that burns: How To Light ACharcoal & Gas Grill | KitchenSanity You can see the white ash on the outside of the charcoalwhen it is burning in the picture above. A student askedme, “If you are so smart… Does wood burn?”. I get this type of challenge from students and sawthis one coming. I thought about if for a few seconds and said, “Eventually”. He was alluding to the fact that the fire we see whenwood burns is the pyrolyisis oils burning above the wood; but, eventually thesolid wood left burns… eventually the only thing left to burn is carbon, whichis a solid, when carbon burns it evolves the flammable gas CO. When charcoal burns the onlyproduct of combustion is CO2 and only CO2. The carbon burns first tocarbon monoxide, then the carbon monoxide (which is a gas) burns to carbondioxide (providing there is enough oxygen and the temperature is above thekindling point for CO which is about 1250 deg. F). When using charcoal for agrill it is important to understand you can die if it is in an enclosed spacewithout good ventilation from CO poisoning. Q10 After the dinosaurs were wipedout, why did we end up with much less terrifying animals? A10 Liam Littlefield Studied History &Psychology7mo We definitely had terrifying animals that would makelions and tigers nervous. They were called megafauna and they naturallyemerged on land where humans were not, as the apex predators running the show.What we’ve found through archaeology and studying human migration patternsthough, is that withina short time of humans arriving in a land where these megafauna exist,they would become extinct. I’ll give you one good guess as to why. Yep, we tookover the role as the apex predator using our social cooperation, tools/weapons,and intelligence. I’msure many of the animals were unimpressed by the look of humans at first,since we definitely don’t look like the scariest. Oh but we are by far the mostdangerous when in a group. Climate change was another element but mostly by the hand of humansdid we wipe them out.There are disagreements on this hypothesis ofcourse, so I’ll let you decide. All the above QA are from Quora website on 01-04- 2022. Quora answers need not be 100% correct answers . Compiled and posted by R. Gopala krishnan on 02-04-2022 -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/1766095034.603447.1648866597764%40mail.yahoo.com.
