Pranam attached as above KR IRS 18522   Google drive:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ckYT7LK0FHhRzkfeQwwpwwCVxiSek6Ye/view?usp=sharing


On Wed, 18 May 2022 at 09:44, Rajaram Krishnamurthy <[email protected]>
wrote:

> Pranam
> Q2    Any govt servant can avail leave if it is in account; and even
> extra-ordinary leave is available beyond the credit in the leave account;
> leave must be sanctioned and it is not as a matter of right; even casual
> leave can be refused; there are study leave to certain sectors for 5 years;
> so there is a joke as to how in a year, a govt servant  earns, while on
> leave almost 80% of the year. Why are such questions now in their 80s?.
> Q3     Salt water and good water do not mix? It is as stupid a question as
> reading in the verses that swan can differentiate the water and milk. Sea
> water has characteristic properties (e.g. density) that are independent of
> sample size.•There are two main factors that make ocean water more or less
> dense: temperature and salinity. •Cold, salty water is denser than warm,
> fresher water and will sink below the less dense layer.•Density is defined
> as the measure of a material’s mass (e.g. grams) divided by its volume
> (e.g. milliliters).•Mixing of seawater influences the density of seawater
> thereby affecting ocean circulation.  Seawater mixing also has an effect
> on ocean life.  Water  variation is due to density from 0.999 to 1,024
> mg/per ml.  The physics in creation is marvelous. River with density 1
> shall freeze, but not the sea water as it is salted; as salt entangles the
> fresh water the salinity transfer will mix; molecular reaction does exist.
> Salinity of such a big space allows the body to float longer than the body
> in ordinary water.
> Q4   Roundabout is a concept of road regulation denoting the junctions as
> all electrical junctions are secluded into a roundabout in your
> constructions.  Local language is Round tana meaning police in the round
> bout. In Maryland, USA east,  it is named as BELTWAY. It is  a lane
> discipline which came before lane driving.
> Q5   In the whole earth Insurance is a fraud playing on premium as profit,
> keeping it low when there is no need and minting money at high where there
> is a lot of needs; but in India Insurance plays a lot of games wrt the
> status of the people. Because of law and Income tax they are sold; there
> are benefits but it is the least effective in India.
> Q6    Medicines for diabetics, whether Ayurvedic or any other system, is
> only a cure for 20%. It is effective but does not play the wholesome
> reduction. Medical world mint money out of the defect of the body.
> Medicines shall cure but the diabetic is not a disease but short of
> functional ability. Regular exertion of the body, especially a lot of
> walking keeps off from this defect. Legs save the pancreas. We don't use
> our legs and become sedentary so we are caught in the web. Every diabetic
> is unique and it is the first step for self-realization.
> Q7   Again the correct picture is as under and cannot be compared to Sri
> Lanka as the questioner and answer provider here discussed:
>       "The *1991 Indian economic crisis* was an economic crisis in India
> resulting from a balance of payments deficit due to excess reliance on
> imports and other external factors. India's economic problems started
> worsening in 1985 as imports swelled, leaving the country in a twin
> deficit <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin_deficit>: the Indian trade
> balance was in deficit at a time when the government was running on a huge
> fiscal deficit. The collapse of the Soviet Bloc, with which India had
> rupee exchange in trade, also caused problems. By the end of 1990, in the
> run-up to the Gulf War <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_War>, the dire
> situation meant that the Indian foreign exchange reserves
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_exchange_reserves> could have
> barely financed three weeks' worth of imports. Meanwhile, the government
> came close to defaulting on its own financial obligations. By July that
> year, the low reserves had led to a sharp depreciation/devaluation of the
> rupee, which in turn exacerbated the twin deficit problem. The Chandrasekhar
> government <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandra_Shekhar_government> could
> not pass the budget in February 1991 after Moody
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moody%27s_Investors_Service> downgraded
> India's bond ratings. The ratings further deteriorated due to the
> unsuccessful passage of the budget. This made it impossible for the country
> to seek short term loans and exacerbated the existing economic crisis. The 
> World
> Bank <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bank> and IMF
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMF> also stopped their assistance,
> leaving the government with no option except to mortgage the country's gold
> to avoid defaulting on payments. In an attempt to seek an economic
> bailout from the IMF, the Indian government airlifted its national gold
> reserves <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_reserves>. The crisis, in
> turn, paved the way for the liberalisation of the Indian economy
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_liberalisation_in_India>, since
> one of the conditions stipulated in the World Bank and IMF loan (structural
> reform <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_adjustment>), required
> India to open itself up to participation from foreign entities in its
> industries, including its state-owned enterprises.
> The program of economic policy reform which was put in place in 1990 has
> yielded good results, dramatically improving the quality of life in India.
> It also resulted in a large increase in inequality with the income share of
> the Top 10% of the population increasing from 35% in 1991 to 57.1% in 2014.
> Likewise, the income share of the Bottom 50% decreased from 20.1% in 1991
> to 13.1% in 2014."  ( vide attachment from the world bank official doc
> below) .
> Q10   Alcohol is totally not needed in India being a hot climate nation.
> But alcohol in limited quantities is harmless at any age. Overdose makes
> one over-dozing.    KR IRs 18522
>
> On Wed, 18 May 2022 at 09:38, Rajaram Krishnamurthy <[email protected]>
> wrote:
>
>> Pranam
>> Q2    Any govt servant can avail leave if it is in account; and even
>> extra-ordinary leave is available beyond the credit in the leave account;
>> leave must be sanctioned and it is not as a matter of right; even casual
>> leave can be refused; there are study leave to certain sectors for 5 years;
>> so there is a joke as to how in a year, a govt servant  earns, while on
>> leave almost 80% of the year. Why are such questions now in their 80s?.
>> Q3     Salt water and good water do not mix? It is as stupid a question
>> as reading in the verses that swan can differentiate the water and milk. Sea
>> water has characteristic properties (e.g. density) that are independent of
>> sample size.•There are two main factors that make ocean water more or less
>> dense: temperature and salinity. •Cold, salty water is denser than warm,
>> fresher water and will sink below the less dense layer.•Density is defined
>> as the measure of a material’s mass (e.g. grams) divided by its volume
>> (e.g. milliliters).•Mixing of seawater influences the density of
>> seawater thereby affecting ocean circulation.  Seawater mixing also has
>> an effect on ocean life.  Water  variation is due to density from 0.999
>> to 1,024 mg/per ml.  The physics in creation is marvelous. River with
>> density 1 shall freeze, but not the sea water as it is salted; as salt
>> entangles the fresh water the salinity transfer will mix; molecular
>> reaction does exist. Salinity of such a big space allows the body to float
>> longer than the body in ordinary water.
>> Q4   Roundabout is a concept of road regulation denoting the junctions as
>> all electrical junctions are secluded into a roundabout in your
>> constructions.  Local language is Round tana meaning police in the round
>> bout. In Maryland, USA east,  it is named as BELTWAY. It is  a lane
>> discipline which came before lane driving.
>> Q5   In the whole earth Insurance is a fraud playing on premium as
>> profit, keeping it low when there is no need and minting money at high
>> where there is a lot of needs; but in India Insurance plays a lot of games
>> wrt the status of the people. Because of law and Income tax they are sold;
>> there are benefits but it is the least effective in India.
>> Q6    Medicines for diabetics, whether Ayurvedic or any other system, is
>> only a cure for 20%. It is effective but does not play the wholesome
>> reduction. Medical world mint money out of the defect of the body.
>> Medicines shall cure but the diabetic is not a disease but short of
>> functional ability. Regular exertion of the body, especially a lot of
>> walking keeps off from this defect. Legs save the pancreas. We don't use
>> our legs and become sedentary so we are caught in the web. Every diabetic
>> is unique and it is the first step for self-realization.
>> Q7   Again the correct picture is as under and cannot be compared to Sri
>> Lanka as the questioner and answer provider here discussed:
>>       "The *1991 Indian economic crisis* was an economic crisis in India
>> resulting from a balance of payments deficit due to excess reliance on
>> imports and other external factors. India's economic problems started
>> worsening in 1985 as imports swelled, leaving the country in a twin
>> deficit <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin_deficit>: the Indian trade
>> balance was in deficit at a time when the government was running on a huge
>> fiscal deficit. The collapse of the Soviet Bloc, with which India had
>> rupee exchange in trade, also caused problems. By the end of 1990, in the
>> run-up to the Gulf War <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_War>, the
>> dire situation meant that the Indian foreign exchange reserves
>> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_exchange_reserves> could have
>> barely financed three weeks' worth of imports. Meanwhile, the government
>> came close to defaulting on its own financial obligations. By July that
>> year, the low reserves had led to a sharp depreciation/devaluation of the
>> rupee, which in turn exacerbated the twin deficit problem. The Chandrasekhar
>> government <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandra_Shekhar_government> could
>> not pass the budget in February 1991 after Moody
>> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moody%27s_Investors_Service> downgraded
>> India's bond ratings. The ratings further deteriorated due to the
>> unsuccessful passage of the budget. This made it impossible for the country
>> to seek short term loans and exacerbated the existing economic crisis. The 
>> World
>> Bank <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bank> and IMF
>> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMF> also stopped their assistance,
>> leaving the government with no option except to mortgage the country's gold
>> to avoid defaulting on payments. In an attempt to seek an economic
>> bailout from the IMF, the Indian government airlifted its national gold
>> reserves <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_reserves>. The crisis, in
>> turn, paved the way for the liberalisation of the Indian economy
>> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_liberalisation_in_India>, since
>> one of the conditions stipulated in the World Bank and IMF loan (structural
>> reform <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_adjustment>), required
>> India to open itself up to participation from foreign entities in its
>> industries, including its state-owned enterprises.
>> The program of economic policy reform which was put in place in 1990 has
>> yielded good results, dramatically improving the quality of life in India.
>> It also resulted in a large increase in inequality with the income share of
>> the Top 10% of the population increasing from 35% in 1991 to 57.1% in 2014.
>> Likewise, the income share of the Bottom 50% decreased from 20.1% in 1991
>> to 13.1% in 2014."  ( vide attachment from the world bank official doc
>> below) .
>> Q10   Alcohol is totally not needed in India being a hot climate nation.
>> But alcohol in limited quantum is harmless at any age. Overdose makes one
>> over-dozing.    KR IRs 18522
>>
>> On Wed, 18 May 2022 at 08:45, Rajaram Krishnamurthy <
>> [email protected]> wrote:
>>
>>> Pranam
>>> Q1    Many a Q & A is unrelated to the age of the members in any group
>>> as hereinafter; if the 80s were to learn how the AC works etc it is of no
>>> use now. However, learning anything which is carried down the lane through
>>> minds may be useful in the continuum of next birth. One such is whether the
>>> medical profession is going down?; tell everyone honestly, is the demand
>>> for MBBS reduced and there are no takers?. Read 2022 authentic bulletin: 
>>> "The
>>> Indian healthcare sector is expected to record a three-fold rise, growing
>>> at a CAGR of 22% between 2016–2022 to reach US$ 372 billion in 2022 from
>>> US$ 110 billion in 2016.
>>>
>>> By FY22, Indian healthcare infrastructure is expected to reach US$ 349.1
>>> billion.
>>>
>>> As of 2021, the Indian healthcare sector is one of India’s largest
>>> employers as it employs a total of 4.7 million people. The sector has
>>> generated 2.7 million additional jobs in India between 2017-22 -- over
>>> 500,000 new jobs per year.
>>>
>>> In the Economic Survey of 2022, India’s public expenditure on healthcare
>>> stood at 2.1% of GDP in 2021-22 against 1.8% in 2020-21 and 1.3% in 2019-20.
>>>
>>> A growing middle-class, coupled with rising burden of new diseases, are
>>> boosting the demand for health insurance coverage. With increasing demand
>>> for affordable and quality healthcare, penetration of health insurance is
>>> poised to expand in the coming years. In FY21, gross direct premium income
>>> underwritten by health insurance companies grew 13.3% YoY to Rs. 58,572.46
>>> crore (US$ 7.9 billion). The health segment has a 29.5% share in the total
>>> gross written premiums earned in the country.
>>>
>>> The Indian medical tourism market was valued at US$ 2.89 billion in 2020
>>> and is expected to reach US$ 13.42 billion by 2026.
>>>
>>> According to India Tourism Statistics at a Glance 2020 report, close to
>>> 697,300 foreign tourists came for medical treatment in India in FY19. India
>>> has been ranked 10th in the Medical Tourism Index (MTI) for 2020-21 out of
>>> 46 destinations by the Medical Tourism Association.
>>>
>>> The e-health market size is estimated to reach US$ 10.6 billion by 2025.
>>>
>>> As of January 2022, the number of medical colleges in India stood at 595.
>>>
>>> As per information provided to the Lok Sabha by the Minister of State
>>> for Health & Family Welfare, Dr. Bharati Pravin Pawar, the doctor
>>> population ratio in the country is 1:854, assuming 80% availability of
>>> 12.68 lakh registered allopathic doctors and 5.65 lakh AYUSH doctors.
>>>
>>> On Tue, 17 May 2022 at 20:56, 'gopala krishnan' via iyer123 <
>>> [email protected]> wrote:
>>>
>>>> *CULTURAL QA 05-2022-17*
>>>>
>>>> *BEING  A COMPILATION THERE MAY  BE ERRORS*
>>>>
>>>> Q1           Why do you think the medical profession is slowly losing
>>>> its charm?
>>>>
>>>> A1           Abraham Sukumar In medical service in India for more than
>>>> three decades Sat
>>>>
>>>> *Medicine lost its charm when general practitioners disappeared from
>>>> the scene*. The GPs had to go; medicine became too vast for one person
>>>> to hold that large a volume of knowledge for immediate recall. Those of us
>>>> brought up in the modern world of course know the benefits of the medical
>>>> profession, which is vital to our healthy existence, but how can it be
>>>> charming? An illustrative example from my experience may shed some light on
>>>> that mystery.
>>>>
>>>> The year was 1966. The patient at my clinic in a busy side street in
>>>> Royapettah, Madras was little Kudurathullah, aged 10 months. He had the
>>>> general shape of a soccer ball, with eyes that were large and perfectly
>>>> circular and expressive. It was expressing not so much fear as tense
>>>> anticipation of the bad things that are certain to unfold shortly. In his
>>>> short life he had known nothing but bad things happen in that place his
>>>> mother has brought him to. With minimal cooperation from the patient, I
>>>> managed to see his throat and auscultate his chest. *He needed
>>>> antibiotic injection. That was drama time.*
>>>>
>>>> He saw the syringe and immediately wrapped himself in the ample
>>>> clothing of his mother’s burka dress screaming the while at the top of his
>>>> voice. His tear-stained eyes were the only parts of his body that was
>>>> visible. *My nurse and an aunt of the boy held the screaming
>>>> struggling boy to enable me to inject the antibiotic. The family lived in
>>>> unhealthy surroundings and the boy came at regular intervals for
>>>> respiratory infection*. Our relationship soon ended when I was
>>>> promoted and transferred to Thanjavur 200 miles away.
>>>>
>>>> I returned to Madras after nine years. This time it was to the medical
>>>> college in Kilpauk, another Chennai suburb quite a distance from
>>>> Royapettah. *I was no longer a GP but a professor of surgery. My
>>>> surgical practice was in a nursing home in Kilpauk*. One day I had
>>>> visitors, a man, his wife and a 10-year-old son.
>>>>
>>>> ‘You may not remember us,’ said the man, ‘but you may this boy. He is
>>>> Kuduratullah.’ The boy smiled a gentle smile. ‘He has heard so much about
>>>> the troubles he gave you,’ said the father, ‘that *he wanted to see
>>>> you in person.’*
>>>>
>>>> I felt deeply humbled. The relationship of the family to their doctor
>>>> was so deep that coming to hear of his return to a distant suburb after ten
>>>> years they have made what can be reckoned a pilgrimage to renew the
>>>> friendship. *That was the charm in doctor-patient relationship that is
>>>> now gone*. To the patient whose gallbladder I had removed recently as
>>>> a specialist I am just the doctor who had removed his gallbladder. It is as
>>>> bland as that. *Doctors of my era who had lived through both sides of
>>>> the change know how deep a loss it is both to the profession and the
>>>> patients.*
>>>>
>>>> Q2           Are bureaucrats allowed to take 1-2 months leave every
>>>> year?
>>>>
>>>> A2           D D Rishi Former IRS | Advocate | LL. M.,Ph.D. (Law) | Sat
>>>>
>>>> Nobody bothers in bureaucracy if you go on leave for 1 or 2 months or
>>>> years. Many of them go for study leave abroad for 2 years or more. *Lot
>>>> many take leave for months till they get a post of their choice.*
>>>> Unless your boss wants to be vindictive, leave is generally not denied.
>>>>
>>>> Bureaucracy is so heavily overstaffed that the official work does not
>>>> suffer till the working strength goes below 25%. *In Covid period,
>>>> administration was running smoothly, rather more efficiently, in spite of
>>>> very low attendance in government offices.*
>>>>
>>>> Q3           Why do salt water and fresh water never mix even when
>>>> they meet?
>>>>
>>>> A3           Ken Saladin Leading horses to water Sun
>>>>
>>>> *That’s completely mistaken*. The places where rivers meet the ocean
>>>> are called estuaries. They’re highly important, *unique ecosystems in
>>>> which the living organisms are adapted to the half-salty water and varying
>>>> salinities t*hat result from the mixing of the fresh water of a river
>>>> with the salt water of the sea. Any aquatic or especially estuarine
>>>> ecologist can tell you in depth of the importance of the mixing of salt and
>>>> fresh water. *For anyone to say they two don’t mix is just a mark of
>>>> ignorance about the world of nature.* Anyone with a boat and minimal
>>>> equipment can easily take water samples and measure their salinity at
>>>> various point in and near an estuary and see *the mixing of the water,
>>>> increasing with distance.*
>>>>
>>>> It’s not too hard to see how people in antiquity might believe this.
>>>> Even where two rivers meet, as in this photo of the confluence of the
>>>> Yangtze and Han rivers of China, they can flow for an appreciable distance
>>>> before their waters become thoroughly mixed. Many of us have perhaps rafted
>>>> the Grand Canyon and seen this effect, as I have, at the confluence of the
>>>> clear Green River and muddy Colorado River. But they do mix eventually,
>>>> just as the waters of a river and the sea do.
>>>>
>>>> *A dogmatic belief that fresh and salt water don’t mix apparently comes
>>>> from the Quran, sura 25:53, shown here with a couple of alternative
>>>> translations:*
>>>>
>>>> The only reason one might argue for this today, in spite of everyday
>>>> evidence anyone can observe, is simply a dogmatic adherence to the Quran, a
>>>> false belief that it can never be wrong about anything. I suppose one
>>>> might, in the alternative, argue that Allah imposed that barrier at one
>>>> time, *but the Quran doesn’t say that was to remain so for all time,
>>>> even today.* There diverse ways of rationalizing one’s way around
>>>> contradictions between ancient scriptures and today’s reality.
>>>>
>>>> Q4           Why are roundabouts so effective?
>>>>
>>>> A4           Steven Haddock Studied at York University (Canada)Wed
>>>>
>>>> *Largely because they force traffic to slow down.*
>>>>
>>>> One of the things that makes intersections dangerous is that traffic
>>>> with the light tends to travel through them at the maximum legal speed. 
>>>> *Some
>>>> people even have the habit of speeding up when they see a yellow light to
>>>> make sure they “make it through”.*
>>>>
>>>> Roundabouts have more collisions, but fewer lethal collisions, even
>>>> between cars and pedestrians which is an important factor.
>>>>
>>>> And that’s because the design of a roundabout forces you to slow down
>>>> as you approach it. Even if you’re not paying attention to traffic, you are
>>>> paying attention to the road shape which means you’re slowing down to
>>>> navigate a curve.
>>>>
>>>> Then, of course, there’s traffic flow. Even though you have to slow
>>>> down, which is a pain, it’s less likely you will have to stop. That keeps
>>>> traffic flowing in all directions, even in a complicated set-up where more
>>>> than two roads intersect.
>>>>
>>>> *In right-side countries, they also make left turns a breeze. Left
>>>> turns are one of the real traffic* problems when using intersections
>>>> and UPS and other courier companies actually plan routes to avoid left
>>>> turns because even though the route may be longer, it will still use less
>>>> fuel. Left turns reduce road capacity from a theoretical maximum of 1,800
>>>> cars per hour to about half that, and the wider the road the more left
>>>> turns slow down traffic, both by interrupting flow in the oncoming
>>>> direction, and by having cars lined up waiting for the turn.
>>>>
>>>> Q5           How does insurance work? What if I bought an accidental
>>>> insurance and fortunately, I don't meet with any accidents and don't claim
>>>> it? What will happen to the premiums I paid?
>>>>
>>>> A5           Prasanna Bhalerao M. Sc. in Electronics & Physics,
>>>> Fergusson College, Pune4h
>>>>
>>>> *Insurance is and should be an expense and not something of an
>>>> investment.*
>>>>
>>>> I assume that you have a two-wheeler or a 4-wheeler. The vehicle has
>>>> insurance requirement. So you buy an insurance for every year of
>>>> possession. You pay the premium. You may never meet an accident or
>>>> sometimes a small skirmish damage is too small to bother claiming insurance
>>>> damages. In short, you never claimed insurance till you own the vehicle. 
>>>> *Do
>>>> you get this money back after you sell the vehicle or junk it? No, right?
>>>> Then what is it you paid for? What did you get in return?*
>>>>
>>>> LIC is the culprit which sells insurance with a tag line “बीमा भी,
>>>> निवेश भी” meaning you will get insurance and investment, i.e., you
>>>> will get your premium plus bonus back after the end of the policy. Quit
>>>> thinking in these terms. I have written a long article on this:
>>>>
>>>> *My note- Vehicle insurance and medical insurance is different from
>>>> Life insurance, by any company.** Life insurance is also an investment
>>>> in my opinion because,  after the insurance period if one survive he get
>>>> the total amount paid with bonus accured.  *
>>>>
>>>> Q6           I have diabetes. But before food, it is around 120mg. But
>>>> after food it is going up to 280mg. Why is this happening?
>>>>
>>>> A6           Disha Gupta Bachelor's of science student Fri
>>>>
>>>> You have diabetes. It is due to the low insulin level. Insulin helps to
>>>> digest sugar and it is secreted by pancreas. You have to be on action soon
>>>> it is not so high and at a dangerous level.
>>>>
>>>> *My suggestion is not to take tablet for this because it may cause many
>>>> harm.*
>>>>
>>>> My uncle is taking pill from its initial stage and now it reaches
>>>> 450mg. And also he is not able to eat any sugar, sweet and carbohydrates.
>>>>
>>>> Whereas, my mother also had been finding diabetic few years ago. She
>>>> doesn't use any pills for it. She is just taking totally herbs based 
>>>> *vrinda
>>>> madhumehhari kada* every morning and now her blood sugar level is
>>>> normal. She is eating sugar, sweet and anything she wants just because of
>>>> it.
>>>>
>>>> That's why I totally recommend you that. If you also want to take it. I
>>>> will tell you how to purchase it.
>>>>
>>>> Otherwise it totally your choice……I hope this will help you……
>>>>
>>>> *My note- I do not think ayurvedic medicines can lower blood sugar
>>>> levels. It is a fact for som* diabetics eating certain sugar items
>>>> does not increase blood sugar level. I cannot explain the reason. I am
>>>> diabetic. Certain sweets does not increase my blood sugar level
>>>>
>>>> Q7           What are some things every Indian should know about
>>>> Indian history?
>>>>
>>>> A7           Ankit Kumar Singh an IT professional, trapped in a
>>>> concrete jungle. May 5
>>>>
>>>> *Today, Sri Lanka is almost bankrupt; however, did you know that India
>>>> was once in a worse state than Sri Lanka is now?*
>>>>
>>>> India had a closed economy in the 1990s. The government owned the
>>>> majority of the companies in India, and foreign direct investment was
>>>> restricted. Policies of previous congress government was weakening indian
>>>> economy day by day.
>>>>
>>>> Oil prices were at an all-time high in August 1990 as a result of the
>>>> Gulf War.
>>>>
>>>> Non-resident Indians were unable to send money to their loved ones in
>>>> India.
>>>>
>>>> As a result, India's forex reserves were reduced to 600 million dollars.
>>>>
>>>> Indian reserves were only enough to keep the country running for a few
>>>> weeks.
>>>>
>>>> Then came Manmohan Singh, India's finance minister at the time who took
>>>> some unpopular but critical decision.
>>>>
>>>> *He immediately obtained a 2.2 billion dollar loan from the IMF and
>>>> sold 600 million dollars of India's gold to international banks. To make
>>>> Indian exports* more competitive he devalued Indian rupee by 20%. He
>>>> also took some long term step. He brought new Industrial Policy and opened
>>>> Indian market for foreign investors.
>>>>
>>>> He Ended his Parliament Speech for the budget session with the
>>>> statement :“No power can now stop the growth of India”.
>>>>
>>>> The rise of India began.The foundations for an economic powerhouse was
>>>> already laid.
>>>>
>>>> *By 2009, India had been able to repurchase the gold it had sold in
>>>> 1990, as well as absorb the shocks of US sanctions against India in 1998,
>>>> the* Kargil war in 1999, and the 2009 global economic crisis.
>>>>
>>>> In the decades that followed India was one of the fastest growing
>>>> economy in the world giving tough competition to china.
>>>>
>>>> Peace.Credits:- Labour Law Advisor.
>>>>
>>>> Q8           Is it true that now that 5G exists, we no longer need
>>>> airplane mode on a plane?
>>>>
>>>> A8           Andrew McGregor Performance Measurement Lead at Fastly
>>>> (company) (2019–present)16h
>>>>
>>>> *No, that’s a coincidence.*
>>>>
>>>> We mostly no longer need airplane mode because airplane electronics
>>>> finally caught up with the existence of cellphones.
>>>>
>>>> *Old airplanes really did have issues with cellphones on board. While
>>>> it wasn’t likely to cause a crash, and so far as I know never did, it could
>>>> have.*
>>>>
>>>> New airplanes are designed to cope with those signals.
>>>>
>>>> So we have come to a point in time where the old airplanes have almost
>>>> all aged out of the fleet or been upgraded, and the new ones never had the
>>>> problem to start with.
>>>>
>>>> *You’ll still be asked to put phones in airplane mode in some cases,
>>>> and it is still important to do that when asked, but it’s not every flight
>>>> now.*
>>>>
>>>> Q9           Which is the best and the worst airport in India, and why?
>>>>
>>>> A9           Shaunak Bhattacharjeee Lives in Kolkata, West Bengal,
>>>> India (1996–present) Apr 5
>>>>
>>>> I am not sure about the best but I am very sure about the worst airport
>>>> in India. I have been to 20–25 cities across the country in the last four
>>>> years and I know a few things about some of the airports I have visited; as
>>>> for the Kolkata airport, the map is ingrained in my brain. Anyway, coming
>>>> back to the question*, if I were to nominate one airport to be the
>>>> worst airport in India, it has to be the Hubli airport.*
>>>>
>>>> I am currently in Hubli and will be flying out tomorrow and I hope the
>>>> Airports Authority of India doesn’t read this and take offence. See, the
>>>> point is when you develop an airport, you need to take care of things
>>>> outside the airport too. Uber does not operate in Hubli and the local cab
>>>> drivers do not let Ola enter within the periphery of the airport. *The
>>>> prepaid taxi counter is non-functional and therefore, passengers arriving
>>>> at Hubli airport have no option but to surrender to the local taxi drivers
>>>> who charge a fixed rate of 100 rupees per kilometre.*
>>>>
>>>> I came to my hotel which was 5 kilometres from the airport and I had to
>>>> pay him 430 rupees. He started from 600 rupees and my bargaining skills
>>>> bore fruit for the first time; I managed to bring it down to 430. My dad
>>>> will be super proud of me! It is not like the driver has conned me, *I
>>>> came to the hotel and the receptionist confirmed the same - that is how it
>>>> has been for arriving passengers at the airport.*
>>>>
>>>> While there isn’t a big of an issue for passengers going to the airport
>>>> because they can book an Ola and go there but the cabs dropping off the
>>>> passengers are not allowed to pick up passengers by the local taxi drivers.
>>>> They are carrying out a monopoly and with the prepaid taxis being out of
>>>> service, they are demanding absurd prices from the passengers. *To
>>>> date, I used to think Bangalore airport is the worst because it is 40
>>>> kilometres from the city and you had to shell 1,000 rupees for a trip.*
>>>> But at least you got a cab over there and *compared to Hubli’s rate of
>>>> 100–150 rupees per kilometre, Bangalore’s prices seem decent enough.*
>>>>
>>>> My note- I am astonished to hear the taxi rate at Calcutta. Probably a
>>>> remedy will appear soon.
>>>>
>>>> Q10         Why is alcohol still bad for humans, despite it being in
>>>> our culture since 7000BCE? I'd imagine by now, it would actually be good
>>>> for us, or something we depend upon, yet it still causes long term
>>>> health problems, and extreme withdrawal symptoms.
>>>>
>>>> A10         Matt Riggsby BA Anthropology, U.C. Berkeley Sat
>>>>
>>>> *Because it’s not that bad for us*. Moderate alcohol use along the
>>>> lines of one or two drinks a day is, for all practical purposes, harmless,
>>>> and that’s about the highest widespread level of alcohol use we’ve seen
>>>> though most of history. *Now, very high levels of alcohol use are
>>>> certainly harmful, but through most of history, that much alcohol simply
>>>> wasn’t available to a statistically significant number of people*. It
>>>> took things like the Agricultural Revolution of the early modern period and
>>>> the development of industrial-scale distillation to make very large
>>>> quantities of alcohol generally available. But even then, most people
>>>> still don’t drink that much. There are certainly conditions and
>>>> periods of social disturbance which see widespread alcohol abuse (Britain’s
>>>> “gin craze,” various circumstances conspiring to drive high levels of
>>>> alcoholism among Native Americans, etc.), but those are all quite recent
>>>> and limited in scope. Evolution hasn’t had the time or selective pressures
>>>> to make significant changes.
>>>>
>>>> *All the above QA are from  Quora  website  on    16-05- 2022. *
>>>>
>>>> *Quora answers need not be 100% correct answers .*
>>>>
>>>> *Compiled **and posted by R. Gopala krishnan on 17-05-2022*
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
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>>>>
>>>

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