Pranam
Q2 PERSONALITY GUNAS CHANGED MIND RESEARCH INSTITUTE CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO
1 The Indian perspective of personality as represented by the exemplary
Triguna theory classifies the gunas- sattva, rajas, and tamas, as elements
of personality. Eating behaviours has been a central concept in this
theory. Each of the gunas have varied characteristics including the
patterns of food consumption, wherein the emphasis has been on how such
behaviours impact our health. Given the fast-paced life in present times,
there is little escape from stress and whether we appraise events as
stressful is also influenced by an individual's personality traits. Thus,
in the present study, an attempt has been made to study the effect of gunas
and gender on perceived stress and mindful eating among young adults. For
this purpose, the data was collected from 158 subjects (Females = 79 and
Males = 79) and was analyzed using factorial ANOVA. The results revealed
significant effects of gunas on perceived stress and mindful eating
practices. It was found that individuals with a dominance of sattva guna
experience less stress as compared to the other two gunas. Furthermore, the
results revealed that individuals with sattva and rajas guna engage more in
mindful eating practices as compared to individuals with tamasic guna.
2 Indian psychology with its indigenous origin and ethos has a universal
appeal, central to this indigenous system is the understanding and
description of human personality. In Indian psychological thought, the most
important, theoretical proposition to understanding personality comes from
the sāmkhya system of Indian philosophy, which understands personality as
based on the triguna (three elements). Major ancient Indian scriptures
including the Upanishads, Puranas, Yogasturas, and the Bhagavad Gita
expanded this understanding of personality (Jain et al., 2016).
3 Triguna Theory of Personality The typology of personality is based on
trigunas, that is, the triguna theory of personality comprises the three
gunas or the three basic personality traits. They are the i) Sattva guna
ii) Rajas guna iii) Tamas guna (Shankar et al., 2017). All the three gunas
are present in each individual in different degrees. The dominance of one
or the other guna may lead to a particular type of behaviour. Each guna
embodies a different way of internal feeling, outward manifestation, and
relation with the world (Wilberg, 2007). 1. Sattva Guna: is associated with
balance, peace, equanimity, and cleanliness. Therefore, a sattvic person is
more likely to be truthful, dutiful, disciplined and a spiritual being
(Wolf, 1999; Srivastava, 2012). They ordinarily indulge in the consumption
of pure and fresh vegetarian food including, fruits and nuts, and refrain
from too rich or spicy food (Korada, 2010). 2. Rajas Guna: is associated
with high intensity, dynamics, and passion and is marked by agitation,
anxiety, nervousness. Therefore, a rajasic person is more likely to be
highly active, have a desire for gratification, little interest in
spiritual elevation, and envy of others (Wolf, 1999). Individuals with a
rajasic personality usually consume food that is high on spices and
non-vegetarian (Korada, 2010). 3. Tamas Guna: is associated with idleness,
indecisiveness, persistence, and speculations. Therefore, a tamasic person
is more likely to be lethargic, tedious, depressed, and vindictive
(Srivastava, 2012). Individuals with a tamasic personality usually consume
food that is overcooked, stale, fermented, or stored (Korada, 2010).
4 The three gunas model has marked structural overlaps with some of
the factors of the personality of Cattell’s Model (Singh, 2008). Between
triguna and Eysenck's theory, sattva was negatively correlated with
extraversion and positively with introversion. Rajas were positively
related to extraversion. Tamas and neuroticism were significantly related
(Mohan & Sandhu,1988; Swaroop et al., 2017). Brown and Chatterjee (1999)
have focused on the similarity between Kohlberg’s stages of moral
development and the Guna theory as the stages of moral development talks
about the concepts of values, morality, justice, etc., which are also
mentioned in the Guna theory. Stress Selye (1936) originally defined stress
as the “non-specific response of the body to any demand placed on it” (p.
32). More commonly today, stress is understood as a negative emotion,
experienced when demands of the environment exceed an individual’s
abilities to deal with them and are usually accompanied by biochemical,
physiological, cognitive, and behavioral changes (Taylor, 2015).
5 Perceived Stress, on the other hand, refers to feelings and thoughts
that an individual has about how much stress they are under a given point
of time or a period. In other words, it is the degree to which situations
in one's life are appraised as stressful, and it is also believed that
‘Perceived Stress’ incorporates feelings of uncontrollability,
unpredictability, overloading, and the confidence that one has in their
abilities to deal with life’s difficulties (Cohen, et al., 1983). Mindful
Eating The concept of mindfulness and eating together makes mindful eating
an essential part of life. Framson et al. (2009, p.1439) defined mindful
eating as “non-judgmental awareness of physical and emotional sensations
while eating or in a food-related environment.” It means being aware in the
present moment when one is eating; directing attention to the senses,
including physical and emotional sensations. There are no rules to be
followed, it just involves focusing on the process of eating, and not what
is eaten (Khan & Zadeh, 2014). The previous research reveals that
practicing mindful eating enables individuals to identify why they eat,
notice hunger and satiety cues, and give appropriate reactions to them. It
also makes it easier to observe if external and internal stimuli, such as
the sight of an advertisement, feeling bored or stressed are misinterpreted
as hunger (Allirot et al., 2017; Hart, 2014; Papies et al., 2015).
6 The findings of the present study revealed a significant effect of
gunas on perceived stress. The results show that overall subjects with
sattvic traits experience less perceived stress as compared to other gunas.
These findings are in line with the previously done research done by
Soubhari and Kumar (2015) on understanding the impact of gunas on the
levels of stress, which revealed that subjects under the age of 30 years
were low in sattvic guna and high in rajasic and tamasic gunas. This study
further suggests that because of the high manifestations of rajasic traits,
subjects exhibited behaviours as that of being active aggressive, while
subjects with tamasic traits exhibited lazy and procrastination behaviours.
Also, well-being which is an indicator of health, happiness, prosperity,
and also one’s ability to manage stress, has been positively correlated
with sattva and negatively correlated with rajas and tamas (Khanna et al.,
2013).
7 Sri Krishna in Bhagavad Gita explains the type of food to be
consumed by those who seek good health, which is sattvic food, consumed by
individuals with sattva guna (Chidbhavananda, 1992). It gives importance to
moderation in intake and contentment. Also, individuals with a dominance of
the rajasic guna tend to be ambitious and goal-oriented and thus indulge in
foods that “stimulates their nervous system and speeds up their metabolism
and activates it” (Ballentine, 1978, p. 548). Singh (1971) pointed out that
rajasic people often have a developed awareness, sharp perception, and
clear cognitions, and this could be the reason why such individuals engage
in mindful eating practices. Also, both sattvic and rajasic individuals
tend to go beyond the fulfillment of their basic needs to reach their prime
goals. For the sattvic individuals the prime goal is the attainment of
self-actualization, and for a rajasic individual, the prime goal is the
fulfillment of the esteem needs. On the other hand, the tamasic individuals
rely only on fulfilling their basic needs (Daftuar & Anjuli, 1997).
Moreover, most of the young adults in our sample turned out to be high in
the tamasic guna, and only a few had a dominance of sattvic guna. The
reason for as to why only a few subjects were found to be sattvic could be
related to the modern-day zeitgeist where the young adults prefer to
indulge in instant gratifications to appease their senses like fast foods,
processed foods, and expensive materialistic things (traits of tamasic
gunas), and less inclination towards spiritual and religious practices.
{Article in The International Journal of Indian Psychology ·
February 2021). KR IRS 9622}
Q3 Note on Basil is perfect. In India Basil is plenty. I have in my
Balcony for my Puja. Krishna tulasi is rare.
Q5 The tentative rapprochement between Iran and the US
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States-Iran_relations>, which began
in the second half of 2013, has the potential to become a world-changing
development, and unleash tremendous geopolitical
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_world_order_(politics)#Recent_political_usage>
and economic opportunities
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_opportunity>, if it is sustained
[…] if Iran and the US were to achieve a diplomatic breakthrough,
geopolitical tensions in the Middle East
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_East> could decline sharply, and Iran
could come to be perceived as a promising emerging market
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emerging_market> in its own right
In January 2019, President Hassan Rouhani
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hassan_Rouhani> blamed the US for Iran's
declining economy. Following the US pullout from an international nuclear
deal with Iran and re-imposed sanctions, Iran faced the toughest economic
situation in 40 years.[335]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Iran#cite_note-337> According to
Majlis <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majlis>, this has caused damages
estimated between 150 and 200 billion dollars to the Iranian economy.
ran’s economic freedom score is 42.4, making its economy the 170th freest
in the 2022 Index. Iran is ranked last among 14 countries in the Middle
East and North Africa region, and its overall score is below the regional
and world averages.
Over the past five years, Iran has experienced very slow growth: an average
of only 1.2 percent annually. A five-year trend of declining economic
freedom has accelerated. Sinking under the weight of sharp drops in scores
for fiscal health and business freedom, Iran has recorded an 8.1-point
overall loss of economic freedom since 2017 and has fallen further in the
“Repressed” category. Although taxes and government spending do not weigh
heavily on the economy, all of the other 10 indicators for Iran reflect
significant weaknesses.
IMPACT OF COVID-19: As of December 1, 2021, 129,912 deaths had been
attributed to the pandemic in Iran, and the government’s response to the
crisis ranked 18th among the countries included in this Index in terms of
its stringency. The economy grew just 1.5 percent in 2020.
Iranians have the legal right to own property and establish private
businesses, but powerful institutions such as the Revolutionary Guard limit
fair competition and entrepreneurial opportunities. The judicial system is
not independent of the supreme leader. The quality and availability of
administrative services provided by the state are constrained by
mismanagement, bribery, and rampant corruption. Anticorruption efforts
target opponents of the regime.
*GOVERNMENT SIZE*
The top individual income tax rate is 35 percent, and the top corporate tax
rate is 25 percent. Other taxes include inheritance and real estate taxes.
The overall tax burden equals 8.4 percent of total domestic income.
Government spending has amounted to 15.8 percent of total output (GDP) over
the past three years, and budget deficits have averaged 5.1 percent of GDP.
Public debt is equivalent to 42.8 percent of GDP.
The bloated state-owned sector and companies controlled by Iranian security
forces put private business owners at a disadvantage. Private businesses
are often small-scale workshops, farms, manufacturers, or services. There
is a shortage of skilled labor. Energy subsidies account for as much as 25
percent of GDP, and the government has increased its economically harmful
price controls in the face of high inflation.
Iran has three preferential trade agreements in force. The trade-weighted
average tariff rate is 12.9 percent. Iran is not a member of the World
Trade Organization. The intrusive state continues to hold back economic
development, undermining trade and investment flows. Government controls
limit access to financing for businesses. State-owned commercial banks and
specialized financial institutions account for the majority of
banking-sector assets
Iran’s economy, one of the Middle East’s most advanced before 1979, has
been undermined since then by mismanagement, international sanctions, and
pervasive graft under a repressive Islamic government dominated by Shiite
religious authorities. President Ebrahim Raisi, installed after rigged
elections in June 2021, is a protégé of Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali
Khamenei. Iran has the world’s second-largest reserves of natural gas and
fourth-largest reserves of crude oil. U.S. sanctions imposed after
Washington withdrew from the 2015 nuclear agreement in 2018 slashed Iran’s
oil exports and pushed the country into recession, but current talks could
yield an agreement that allows Tehran to expand oil exports, attract
greater foreign investment, and increase trade.
On Thu, 9 Jun 2022 at 12:47, 'gopala krishnan' via iyer123 <
[email protected]> wrote:
> *CULTURAL QA 06-2022-09*
>
> *BEING A COMPILATION THERE MAY BE ERRORS*
>
> Q1 Why are kangaroos being spotted in India?
>
> A1 By Andrew Clarance BBC News, Delhi Published 23 May
>
> The rescued Kangaroos at the Bengal Safari ParkImage source, Bengal Safari
> Park;Image caption,*Wildlife officials say kangaroos are among the exotic
> animals smuggled into India*
>
> When villagers walking along a road on the edge of a forested village in
> eastern India first saw three confused, weak and hungry animals, they
> couldn't believe what they were witnessing.
>
> The animals looked nothing like anything they had seen before. *They
> alerted West Bengal state's forest officials, who told them that the
> animals were kangaroos - native to Australia but not found in India.*
>
> The animals were rescued and sent to a wildlife park to be treated. One
> died later. The villagers were still confused and surprised with what they
> had seen. Soon, videos of the kangaroos in India went viral.
>
> *"How on Earth are kangaroos turning up in West Bengal," a Twitter user
> asked.*
>
> Debal Ray, the *chief wildlife warden of West Bengal, tells the BBC that
> the animals were most likely left in the open during an anti-smuggling
> operation by his team.*
>
> When he received a tip-off that some exotic animals were being smuggled
> into the state, he immediately alerted his team. Acting quickly, the
> officers started checking vehicles along one of the main routes to enter
> the state.
>
> *"The smugglers probably got wind of it, and abandoned the animals on the
> highway," Mr Ray said.*
>
> "They probably ended up here from private breeding farms in southeast
> Asia," Agni Mitra, deputy director of the regional Wildlife Control Bureau,
> told the BBC, adding that smugglers often bring non-native, exotic
> animals to India's border states through Myanmar.
>
> Q2 Can Personality Be Changed?
>
> A2 Psychologists have long debated how flexible someone’s
> “true” self is.
>
> The Atlantic Scott Barry Kaufman. Read when you’ve got time to spare.
>
> Almost everyone has something they want to change about their personality.
> In 2014, a study that traced people’s goals for personality change found
> that the vast majority of its subjects wanted to be more extraverted,
> agreeable, emotionally stable, and open to new experiences. A whopping 97
> percent said they wished they were more conscientious.
>
> These desires appeared to be rooted in dissatisfaction. *People wanted to
> become more extraverted if they weren’t happy with their sex lives,
> hobbies, or friendships.* They wanted to become more conscientious if
> they were displeased with their finances or schoolwork. The findings
> reflect the *social psychologist Roy Baumeister’s notion of
> “crystallization of discontent”: *Once people begin to recognize larger
> patterns of shortcomings in their lives, he contends, they may reshuffle
> their core values and priorities to justify improving things.
>
> Each year, Americans spend billions of dollars on self-improvement books,
> CDs, seminars, coaching, and stress-management programs to become better,
> more sociable, effective, compassionate, and charismatic versions of
> themselves. But beneath theories on what drives people to change, there’s a
> more fundamental question debated by psychologists: *Can personality even
> be changed in the first place?*
>
> * * *
>
> There are so many common misconceptions of what having a personality
> actually entails. In his controversial 1968 book, Personality and
> Assessment, Walter Mischel, the social psychologist best known for leading
> the famous Stanford marshmallow experiment, argued that any notion of
> consistency among personalities is largely a myth. A person’s actions in a
> given moment depend more on their situation, he contended, than on some
> enduring essence of who that person is. His research suggested a
> correlation about .30 (out of 1.0) between one behavior and the next.
>
> In 1979, the psychologist Seymour Epstein conducted a series of studies in
> which he observed *people’s behaviors on several occasions—from
> impulsivity to happiness, to nurturance, to problem solving*. He found
> that Mischel was right that understanding *someone’s behavior at any
> given moment requires accounting for the situation they’re in more than
> anything else.* But what Mischel didn’t consider, Epstein contended, was
> that beyond individual moments, a person’s general character still could be
> gleaned from the average of their many behaviors over time. In four
> studies, Epstein showed that when comparing behaviors over the course of
> two weeks, the stability of personality shattered the .30 barrier—sometimes
> reaching .90.
>
> More recent research has confirmed Epstein’s findings. The best way to
> think about personality traits, it seems, is as various “density
> distributions”: *Throughout the course of the day, everyone fluctuates in
> their “true” selves quite a bit.* Acting out of character is more the
> rule than the exception. Yet at the same time, it still makes sense to talk
> about differences in personality between people, because when whole
> distributions of behavior are considered, there are very consistent
> individual differences. For instance, almost everyone craves at least some
> solitude throughout the day, but some need a lot more than others.
>
> What this new understanding of personality means is that people are only
> introverted, agreeable, conscientious, emotionally stable, and open to new
> experiences to the extent that their repeated patterns say they are. *Genes
> certainly influence patterns of behavior (we* have what Brian Little
> refers to as a “biogenic” nature), but there is nothing sacrosanct about
> being a certain way. With enough adjustments to these patterns over time,
> it seems that people can change who they are.
>
> * * *
>
> This is all good in theory, but what does it mean in practice? It’s worth
> noting that, even without any conscious effort, personality does appear to
> evolve quite a bit throughout a person’s life. Research shows that people
> tend to become more mature and well-adjusted as they age: *The typical
> 65-year-old is more self-disciplined than about 85 percent of early
> adolescents, and more agreeable than about 75 percent of them*. Social
> roles matter, too. As someone becomes more invested in a job, they often
> become more conscientious; likewise, when someone becomes more invested in
> a long-term relationship, they tend to become more emotionally stable and
> have higher self-esteem. In fact, the more the commitment is part of a
> person’s identity in any context, the more it appears to cause personality
> change.
>
> But these aren’t the kind of changes that most people who buy
> self-development books are most interested in. They want to know whether
> they can change their personalities because they want to. Instead of
> changing jobs, entering a long-term relationship, or adopting a new
> identity, can people change their personalities intentionally?
>
> Some studies hint at this possibility. One 2006 study found that college
> students who were concerned that they were becoming boring people increased
> their *binge-drinking behavior in the hopes that they would become a more
> interesting person (I wouldn’t recommend this method!).* Another study,
> from 2011, found that students strategically chose *extracurricular
> activities that they thought would boost certain desirable characteristics,
> such as leadership.*
>
> More recently, Nathan Hudson and Chris Fraley, researchers at Michigan
> State University and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
> respectively, looked at a sample of undergraduates who declared their goals
> to change their personality across a variety of dimensions (e.g., “I want
> to be more talkative”) at the beginning of a 16-week semester. Then, each
> week, they took personality tests to measure personality growth over time.
>
> To help certain participants with their goals, the researchers randomly
> assigned half of the students to engage in a “goal-setting” intervention.
> In this condition, the researchers reminded the students of the traits they
> most wanted to change and asked them to come up with specific and concrete
> steps (e.g., “Call Andrew and ask him to lunch on Tuesday) and to generate
> “if … then” implementation plans (e.g., “If I feel stressed, then I will
> call my mom to talk about it”). The participants were also warned that very
> broad goals, such as “I want to be more self-disciplined and
> self-controlled,” were too vague to cause any lasting change.
>
> Over the course of the semester, the student’s goals to change their
> extraversion, agreeableness, and emotional stability appeared to inspire
> actual growth in the desired direction. For example, people who said they
> wanted to be emotionally stable “more than they currently are” actually
> increased their emotional stability each month. What’s more, people who
> came up with concrete plans for reaching their goals showed much greater
> changes in extraversion, conscientiousness, and emotional stability than
> those in the control group. *However, the intervention did not boost
> growth in agreeableness beyond merely wanting to be more agreeable.*
>
> As promising as these results sound, it’s important to point out that the
> effects were moderate in size. The changes happened slowly over the course
> of the semester, and resulted in some, but not radical, change. Rather than
> a knock against Hudson and Fraley’s methods, this finding points toward a
> commonly misunderstood truth about personal growth. According to Janet
> Polivy and Peter Herman, at University of Toronto, many people fail in
> reaching their personal-development goals because they have unrealistic
> expectations about the speed, amount, ease, and consequences of attempts at
> self-change—a phenomenon they call “false hope syndrome.”
>
> According to their theory, first, people are motivated to adopt a
> difficult, or even impossible, personal growth goal (e.g., “I want to be
> thin”). After some initial progress, they ultimately don’t reach it. But
> after failing, they interpret their failure in a way that makes it seem
> like it wasn’t inevitable; for instance, the failure was a result of just
> not working hard enough. So they convince themselves that with a few minor
> adjustments, they can still achieve success. Finally, with renewed
> determination, but with only minor changes to their plan or their
> expectations about the rate of change, they set out again, propelled by
> their hope for the future, only to once again be disappointed. This cycle
> can continue forever.
>
> *The first step to making real, lasting personality adjustments, then, it
> seems, is to be critical of any self-development program that touts
> instant, or even radical, change.* Just as it takes many years to develop
> patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, it will take some
> time—perhaps many years—to alter them. But the good news is that change is
> possible.
>
> *Scott Barry Kaufman is a psychology professor at the University of
> Pennsylvania and the scientific* director of the Imagination Institute.
> He is the co-author of Wired to Create: Unraveling the Mysteries of the
> Creative Mind.
>
> *My note- In nutshell personality can be changed* by self efforts to
> certain extent. Some persons have different personalities in different
> occasions. Some have very bad personalities because they don’t want to
> change .
>
> Q3 How to Harvest Basil All Season Without Killing It
>
> A3 Enjoy the fresh flavor throughout the entire summer.
> ByElizabeth Yuko 5/21/22 9:00AM
>
> Although fresh basil is now available in supermarkets year-round, it’s not
> the same as being able to go into your own backyard (or turn to the planter
> on your windowsill) and picking a few leaves when you need them. But it’s
> one thing to clear a stem or two for some cocktails: What about picking a
> majority of the plant to make pesto?
>
> Basil’s growing season is already limited to summer weather, so you may be
> concerned about taking too many of your plants’ leaves early on and being
> left with nothing come July and August. But fear not: *Harvesting the
> leaves of a basil plant is actually important for its growth. Here’s what
> to know.*
>
> How (and when) to harvest basil
>
> Although there’s no specific day or month marking the beginning of basil
> season, you’ll notice that once the temperatures start hitting 80°F on a
> regular basis, your plant will start—in the words of the Famers’
> Almanac*—“leafing
> out.*” And when it gets to be around six to eight inches tall, it’s time
> to start harvesting the leaves.
>
> If you’re planning to use the basil leaves right away—like as you’re
> cooking a meal—go ahead and pick them when you need them. But if you’re
> going to store the basil to use later, it’s best to pick the leaves first
> thing in the morning when they are plump and at their juiciest.
>
> *How to ensure you have fresh basil all season*
>
> You may be worried that if you pick all (or most) of the leaves off your
> basil plant early in the summer, you’ll run out quickly. But in reality,
> the exact opposite is true, according to the Famers’ Almanac: *Regularly
> picking the leaves off your basil plant only encourages it to grow.*
>
> Think of harvesting basil leaves as part of its regular maintenance in the
> summer, along with making sure it’s getting enough water and sunlight. In
> fact, you should pick the leaves regularly, even if you don’t plan on using
> them right away (in which case, freeze them).
>
> *My note- We in India consider basil as Holy basil. A* good percentage of
> basil leaves are used in pooja, making garlands in temples. Of late after
> creating basil fields, in India also the leaves are harvested and used
> to make *cough syrup like “Krishnathulasi cough syrup” in Kerala*
>
> *All the above QA are based on information from yahoo opening page on
> 8-6-2022*
>
> Q4 Why do diesel engines have two fuel pumps? Are they really
> necessary?
>
> A4 Andrew McGregorOwned several diesel vehicles.Jun 1
>
> Say you’re designing a diesel car.You know you are also doing petrol
> models.
>
> *You also know that diesel and petrol engines require different fuel
> injection pressures*, and petrol engines vary, but one common thing is
> that all the high pressure pumps are quite bad at sucking fuel in, and
> would really like a consistent low pressure input.
>
> *But the fuel is in a tank some distance from the engine, and usually
> lower down than the pressure pump needs to be.*
>
> So… *you put a pump in the bottom of the tank*, that is good at
> collecting fuel at ambient pressure, and can maybe supply the lowest
> injection pressure any of your engines need. So some of the petrol models
> only need this pump.
>
> *And then the engines that need high pressure have a second pump that can
> take the pressure up from what the tank pump supplies* to what you need
> for injection.
>
> Q5 Why did Iran become a poor country despite having oil?
>
> A5 Nadhiya Athaide Iranian Historian & CuratorSun
>
> *Iran was actually doing pretty good 10–15 years ago, a lot of people were
> very optimistic*
>
> I remember that my father (who was still working then, he’s now retired)
> had gotten a pretty sizable wage increase and we were then able to purchase
> a much bigger apartment which was desperately needed for the 6 of us. 2
> years after that, he purchased a new car. It was no fancy corvette, but it
> was far better then the old “nightmare” as my mom called it.
>
> *Things started to go downwards after, particularly because of 2 things.
> Number 1, the crash in oil prices, and number 2, the infamous sanctions*
>
> *As a result, wages decreased, pensions were cut, inflation soared and the
> currency devaluated.* Luckily my father had retired before his industry
> had wage cuts and he also saved a good amount of money. But many of his
> partners who hadn’t saved any money were hit pretty bad.
>
> *Long story short, Iran got screwed in the last few years.* Things
> weren’t perfect then either, but they were much better than what they are
> now. Further evidence that sanctions don’t hurt politicians, they hurt
> average civilians who’re trying to make a living in a rich man's world.
>
> *The above two QA are from Quora website on 07 -06- 2022. *
>
> *Quora answers/Yahoo information need not be 100% correct .*
>
> *Compiled **and posted by R. Gopala krishnan on 08-06-2022*
>
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