Q2 Kautilya’s ArthaShastra
“If you want to know about the importance of wealth, ask a pauper; if you
want to know the pains of wealth, ask a billionaire. “It’s a pain to earn
wealth, causes stress to retain it, and leads to catastrophe when you lose
it. Wealth is a sum of pain and gain,” said revered king-turned-hermit,
Bhartrihari. True wealth, like all material things, has its own pros and
cons. There are not many texts which explain the nitty-gritty of wealth as
much as Vedic scriptures” – Kautilya’s ArthaShastra
2 Many consider currency as wealth. But currency is only a legal bill
which is worth only in exchange. Besides, it has its own geographical
limitations. Conventional currencies like dollar, pound sterling, rupees,
yen etc can be exchanged only in set geographical areas. Crypto-currencies
like Bitcoin – that which is valued much greater than the US dollar – is
mostly useful in online transactions. Currency is the nomination of wealth
– not wealth itself.
3 Kautilya, also known as Chanakya, had a great understanding of
wealth. He often termed it Artha. In the Artha Sutras, he suggests “Artha
is the root of happiness.” Kautilya’s Artha is not just currency, but also
material property and, most importantly, knowledge. “No wealth is greater
than the wealth of knowledge,” he argues in his Neeti. That’s because
“Knowledge explains our being as well as that which is in our possession
(resources) and enables us to use those resources to get that which we want
(wealth).” In the second axiom, he says, “the root of wealth is Dharma.”
Kautilya’s Dharma is never to be translated as “religion”. Dharma is good
conduct. It’s that “which sustains” and that which empowers us to “do good
to us as well around us” – our family and society. Anything that hurts any
being (humans as well as animals) for no fault of theirs is Adharma or
against Dharma. Therefore, any Artha or wealth gained through the path of
Adharma is called Anartha. Anartha, in Sanskrit, also means “disaster”.
4 “Wealth has only three ends – it’s either spent on deserving people
or things, misspent on undeserving people and things or just rots away and
falls into the hands of others (deserving or undeserving).” Stagnant wealth
is of no utility. When wealth is used for something good, which includes
satisfying one’s needs, needs of dependants, helping those who are less
fortunate as well as those who are despondent is Artha. It is important to
note that Artha also means “meaningful” in Sanskrit. A despicable person
bereft of wealth is often one who’s bereft of knowledge or Gyaana.
Knowledge, one must understand, is not just data or information. Modern
educational institutions often offer courses with the apparent intent to
provide knowledge, but only end up providing some form of data or
information.If “knowledge” does not help you sustain yourself or those who
depend on you, it is not “knowledge”, but data or information. They are
subject to change. This does not mean data is useless, rather it is
pointless without the knowledge and its application. Knowledge provides us
with the ability to interpret data and information and use it to our best
advantage. In the absence of knowledge, we suffer. In the absence of
knowledge, we are ignorant. In ignorance, there is uncertainty bound with a
certain fear. Fear causes mental unrest. Mental instability often makes us
take detrimental decisions, causing loss of wealth and even poverty.
5 WHAT IS ILL GOTTEN WEALTH IN RIG VEDAM?
Ma sredhat somino dakshatā mahe krṇudhvam rāya ātuje.
Taraṇirijjayati ksheti pushyati na devāsah kavatnawe. (Rig Veda 7: 32: 9)
If you want to acquire prosperity and benevolence in life, a great amount
of material wealth, health and strength in life, work hard to become worthy
of accomplishing your goals, but in the process (of accomplishing your
goals) you may never hurt others. People with virtuous divine qualities
Achieve success in life like a flowing boat, their life nurtures themselves
and others, they blossom and progress in life, their life and wealth is
never used for bad purposes.
6 Vedas encourage us to earn as much wealth as possible but by honest
means and once earned we should share our wealth for virtuous causes and
with those who are less fortunate in the society. Vedic teachings state
that from early childhood we should be taught to develop virtuous habits
such as following dharma, acquiring spiritual and secular knowledge,
developing physical strength, building outstanding character, and remaining
celibate until marriage, whereby we develop good sanskārs (root mental
impressions, inclinations, and memories for the future) before we start
earning wealth. Our methods to earn and acquire a great amount of wealth
throughout our life must remain honest.
7 God directs us through the messages of Veda mantras: Human beings
acquire wealth, do not use means that are sinful, deceitful or use violence.
In contrast to this statement, however, at present in many countries it is
a common practice for many persons including the so called 'leaders' to
gather wealth through deceit, lies, fraud, bribes and similar sinful means
so that they may fulfill their physical desires as well as acquire fame and
social status.
8 One certainly may succeed in gathering wealth through deceit,
lies, fraud, bribes, looting etc. as well as find temporary happiness by
enjoying various luxuries items acquired by that wealth. However, wealth
acquired by ill means does not provide mental peace and contentment; will
power and confidence; fearlessness and bravery; or the soul acquiring joy
and bliss. Instead, ill-gotten wealth leads to lack of mental peace,
restlessness, doubt, shame, fear and in the long term unhappiness.
Therefore, as directed in the Vedas we should first acquire spiritual and
secular knowledge, develop courage, strength, virtuous habits and skills
and then based on them we should earn our wealth by honest means and as
guided by other dharma principles.
9 The Vedas remind even those persons who have earned their wealth by
honest means, are virtuous and generous in life that they must always
remain alert so they may not slide in backwards in their integrity or
honesty as wealth often brings arrogance and corruption. Those persons who
are not resolute in integrity, truthful, honest, disciplined or generous,
such persons with the intoxication of wealth often become lazy, negligent,
reckless, indulgent in sensual pleasures, arrogant etc. Once a person is
inflicted with such vices his/her physical strength diminishes, will power
becomes feeble, life loses luster and finally life-span becomes shortened.
Such person's instead of gaining true fame, actually gains ill-fame,
dishonor and distrust of the public at large. Life instead of being
fulfilled, joyful and peaceful becomes full of misery and a living hell.
10 In summary, Vedas state that before you earn and/or acquire a
lot of wealth become deserving of it. We should first develop virtuous
habits as well as acquire both spiritual and secular knowledge. Based on
them we should earn our wealth by honest means and as guided by other
dharma principles. We should then spend the wealth for our and our family's
nurture as well as generously promoting virtuous causes in the community.
Also, never let your wealth be misused for sinful or non-virtuous pursuits.
Dear God, please bless us and inspire us that we follow Your path and
guidance and thus acquire prosperity and progress in life. KR IRS 231122
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Q7 A witless question. Pigeons are lovely tyo react whether Egypt or
1000 lights or T Nagar chennai. Irrelevant Q & A if possible may be
avoided. I have about 30-40 pigeons all around my flat and they are so
lovely to react to. Egypt also has similar feeding habits. KR IRS 231122
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
On Wed, 23 Nov 2022 at 12:23, 'gopala krishnan' via iyer123 <
[email protected]> wrote:
> *CULTURAL QA 11-2022-**23*
>
> *BEING A COMPILATION THERE MAY BE ERRORS*
>
> Q1 Why is cold water from the sink clear, while very hot water
> from the sink is cloudy white?
>
> A1 Austin Bugden,15yrs+ Preparing ice in an engineering
> laboratory. Updated May 27
>
> *Turning on the tap releases pressure.Colder water can hold more gas in
> solution than warm water.*
>
> Water under pressure can hold more gas in solution than lesser pressure.
>
> The water treatment dissolves small amounts of disinfectant, be it chorine
> or ozone, and maintains this water under “city pressure” in the water
> mains. In addition, trace atmospheric gases present.
>
> *Hot tap water on left, cold tap water on right.*
>
> Under pressure both hot and cold water can keep a fair amount of these
> trace gases dissolved.
>
> Boil some cold water and the dissolved gas will come out as larger
> bubbles. Release pressure quickly and the dissolved gas in the hot water
> will come out as small bubbles quickly.
>
> *In fact change the pressure fast enough, the same fog will occur in cold
> water with gas in it*. The near freezing distilled water in the chamber
> below was rapidly exposed to about the pressure altitude as 30,000’ with a
> vacuum pump
>
> *My note- Most sinks in India come with single tap* point. It provides
> cold water from overhead tank. The water remains in the O/H tank decide
> water pressure.
>
> *But for the requirement of hot water, either a separate water heater or
> Pipe from nearest water heater is extended so that it provides hot water
> in* the sink.
>
> Q2 What are some unusual ways people make money?
>
> A2 Aashish Kumar Dimri, News and Political Analyst Nov 7
>
> Iconic : Chotiwala is a well known eatery at Rishikesh - a well known
> religious town -in Uttarakhand in India.
>
> It was established in 1958. *It is known for its iconic Chotiwala - a
> hindu priest with a pony tail..*
>
> Real : Well, this eatery has hired and trained a man; who puts up attire
> like its icon ;and guides visitors (customers ) about its delicacies -
> vegetarian meals, soft drinks and sweets .
>
> *He hardly works, but generally sits on a chair and acts like a mannequin*.
> Naturally, people take “selfies” and photographs with this interesting man.
>
> He is quite popular across India. Well : His job offers him good food,
> salary and popularity
>
> Q3 Can Introduction Moringa Olleifera cure diabetic people?
>
> A3 Stella Smith | Diabetes Expert,Doctor at HealthNov 16
>
> Moringa Olleifera is a plant that has been used for centuries in Asia,
> Africa and the Caribbean to help diabetics. Studies have shown that it
> can lower blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. More research
> is needed to confirm these findings.
>
> According to the World Health Organization, around 422 million adults are
> living with diabetes worldwide, and this number is expected to increase by
> over 50% by 2045. Diabetes mellitus diagnosis is increasing in all age
> groups across the world and predominantly affects higher risk populations
> such as South Asians and Aboriginal Peoples.
>
> Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose
> levels and insulin resistance. It affects people of all ages, races and
> income groups.
>
> Diabetes can lead to complications such as nerve damage, eye problems and
> cardiovascular disease. As people get older, they are also more likely to
> develop complications because the onset of diabetes is often preceded by
> other conditions such as obesity and high cholesterol levels.
>
> Diabetes is a chronic disease that must be managed throughout the person's
> life. The treatment involves taking regular doses of insulin plus
> monitoring one’s blood glucose level with finger pricks eight or more times
> a day. There are many diet plans that diabetics can follow but it is
> important for them to take into account their diet preferences as well as
> their food preferences so they don't feel like they are deprived from foods
> that they love eating. However, dieters can still have some indulgences
> without going overboard which includes fresh fruit after dinner or a small
> bowl of ice cream in moderation.
>
> Q4 What is the most Telugu thing ever?
>
> A4 Vaishnavi M,Knows Telugu Updated Nov 16
>
> *Suprabatham early in the morning.*
>
> Muddapappu, neyi and aavakai (dal, ghee and mango pickle) Nothing beats
> this.
>
> Tirupati
>
> Snacks like ariselu, janthikalu, pootharekulu.
>
> *Turmeric applied on foot during festivals, perantalu.*
>
> Many pickles and podulu (powders) especially gongura pickle.
>
> Pulihora, vada, payasam during festivals.
>
> Silk sarees like Uppada, Pochampalli, Mangalagiri etc.
>
> Guttivankaya kura,Kuchipudi dance.
>
> S.P.B, Jewellery
>
> Legendary actors like NTR, ANR, Savithri
>
> Ugadi pacchadi
>
> Still many more to add. I will add them when I find free time.
>
> My note- I have added this QA for information- applying turmeric in feet.
>
> Q5 What is it that 99% of India's people don't know?
>
> A5 Slayer Wind,Sat
>
> This is a ₹ 100 note, with a mountain picture, sadly it’s not mentioned
> what is the name of the mountain peak.
>
> This is the actual picture. This mountain peak is Mt. Kanchenjunga, is the
> third highest mountain peak in the world, and lies partly in Nepal and
> partly in Sikkim, India. The actual picture is captured from Pelling,
> Sikkim. It is one of the smallest and the most beautiful states in India.
>
> Now what is something that needs to be known to all Indians.
>
> *Place - Arrival Hall of Mumbai International Airport.*
>
> A German tourist asked 5–6 Indians showing the ₹ 100 currency, that which
> mountain peak is this and where it is. To my surprise none of them could
> answer it.
>
> *We see the picture of the mountain peak on our currency every single day
> and still we aren’t aware of it.*
>
> After reading this message I am sure you will be able to answer this
> question next time if asked by someone.
>
> *My note- The above information may be with respect to old 100 rupee
> currency printed light blue and not the present 100 rupee currency smaller
> and in violet colour*. The violet one has a palace named Rani ki vav.
> However both currency are in vouge
>
> Q6 What do Indian people use to dry themselves after washing
> their butt with water after using the toilet?
>
> A6 Asimendrakumar Dhirendrakumar Dechaudhari,Former Senior
> Telecom Assistant at Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) (1978–2014)3y
>
> *Washing is done by pouring water with right and and cleaning the butt by
> left hand and is considered enough**.* It can be dried up with a cloth or
> left to dry up by itself. Hands are washed with soap and dried with towel.
>
>
> Indians don't take food with left hand as it is used for washing the butt.
> In Indian tradition daily clothes are to be washed every day after bath*.
> In Indian tradition, an Indian tries deficate just after getting up from
> sleep and it becomes their habit.* After that they take a bath with soap.
> So, it cleans up the whole body which is dried by a towel.
>
> *Indian tradition also has practice of multiple baths in the same day,
> particularly after dedication.* Some people change their clothes before
> going to toilet. But these rules are not followed in modern times and
> Indisms are adopting western culture. *Water is the best purifying agent
> in Indian tradition and Indians Consider the western method of using paper
> for cleaning inferior but adopt to it in foreign countries.*
>
> Q7 Why in London do pigeons interact with people when feeding
> them, while in Egypt, no pigeon would ever come near a human trying to feed
> it?
>
> A7 Jack Flash, Updated Nov 13
>
> Although infamous as pests in other countries, *Egyptians have a
> lingering fondness for pigeons;* they are useful and resourceful
> creatures in local lore. Pigeons are allowed to linger on farmlands, seen
> as a “special voice” of wisdom and family structure.
>
> But it's the Egyptians who are mad for pigeons. One of their national
> dishes is hamam mashi, a stuffed pigeon that's either grilled or roasted.
> They eat them !
>
> There are just more people feeding them in England.Pigeons like people
> they know and trust—and especially people who feed them. Both female and
> male pigeons recognize human faces, and their expressions of affection even
> suggest that they can feel emotional love.
>
> Even if we are no longer feeding and caring for them directly, they are
> not likely to stray too far from human civilization. *Unlike feral dogs
> and cats, feral pigeon are not terribly fearful of humans*. They are
> generally very docile, sweet, and social creatures
>
> Q8 Is it safe to put laundry soap in a toilet tank?
>
> A8 Gopala Krishnan,Former Assistant General Manager 1996-2004
> at Department of Telecom (1966–2004)Just now
>
> *Yes is my answer. Now in India, if one watch TV, so* many advertisements
> come to drop smelling detergent bars in toilet tank and they would get
> exhausted by about 150 flushes. So there is no harm in putting laundry
> soap which also comes with fragrance.
>
> Q9 Do bends reduce water pressure?
>
> A9 David Thomas,Professional Engineer, Civil, AlaskaNov 11
>
> *Without flow, pressure is constant (at a given height) throughout a
> plumbing system.*
>
> But with flow, there are frictional losses that reduce pressure the
> further down the pipe run the water goes. Square elbows like those used
> in copper piping:
>
> cause as much pressure drop as 60 pipe diameters of straight pipe. So a 1″
> 90 ell is like 60 x 1″ = 5 feet of straight 1″ pipe. for the 3/4″ ells
> shown above, 60 x 3/4″ = 45 inches = 4 feet of straight 3/4″ pipe.
>
> 45 ells are half that (so it’s better to use two 45s for an offset than
> two 90s.
>
> Side-out tees and abrupt reducers can be even higher, while sweeps as
> found in DWV systems are much less (15 to 20 pipe diameters).
>
> But standard practice (in the US) covers all of that. Run 3/4″ to each
> bathroom and kitchen and then go to 1/2″ for each fixture and you’ll be
> fine. Or run 1/2″ “homeruns” of PEX from a central manifold to each fixture
> (which delivers hot water to each fixture more quickly.
>
> The most common instances of bends causing problems in residential work
> are clothes dryer vents. You’re allowed, say, 20 feet of straight 3″ duct
> or 40 feet of 4″ smooth ductwork from the dryer to the exterior vent
> (RTFB!). But each 4-inch elbow (it’s not quite square, but nor it is a
> sweep with all those joints, so I use 60 pipe diameters) is equivalent to
> 4″ x 60 = 240″ = 12 feet. THerefore three 90s can use up all your allowed
> frictional losses, the dryer won’t move much air, take a long time to dry,
> be less efficient and may shut down giving you an error code. Also, people
> use excessive lengths of flex duct work which is NOT smooth on the inside
> so each foot has far more pressure drop than smooth-wall duct.
>
> My note- The answer is given to the question asked. However for lifting
> water from bore wells or sumps the bends are to be limited, and in bends
> elbows of curving nature are provided.
>
> Q10 Do all avocados have the same nutritional value?
>
> A10 Laura Bailey,Get Fit. Get Healthy. Get Results!Fri
>
> *All avocados are not created equal when it comes to nutrition. While all
> avocados offer health benefits, some have more of certain nutrients than
> others.* For example, some avocados are higher in healthy fats while
> others are higher in vitamins and minerals.
>
> So, if you're looking for a specific nutrient in an avocado, it's
> important to choose one that is high in that nutrient. However, all
> avocados are a healthy choice and will offer some nutritional benefits.
>
> *All the above QA are from Quora website on 23-10-2022*
>
> *Quora answers need not be 100% correct answers .*
>
> *Compiled **and posted by R. Gopala Krishnan, former ITS, 79 years, on
> 23-11-2022*
>
>
>
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