I am happy children are encouraged to write in spite of open admissions of error and incongruencies expositly flanked in quora which if digested might cause harm or if we were to find the truth then it is double jeopardy. Japanese were not colonised but were controlled .
The kingdom was virtually isolated before the 1850s, with limited contacts through Dutch traders. The Meiji Restoration <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji_Restoration> was a political revolution that installed a new leadership that was eager to borrow Western technology and organization. The government in Tokyo carefully monitored and controlled outside interactions. Japanese delegations to Europe brought back European standards which were widely imposed across the government and the economy. Trade flourished, as Japan rapidly industrialized. European-style imperialism and colonialism were borrowed, as in the late 19th century Japan defeated China, and acquired numerous colonies, including Formosa and Okinawa. The rapid advances in Japanese military prowess stunned the world in 1904–1905 when it decisively defeated Russia <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russo-Japanese_War> and gained recognition as a world power. Imperialism continued as it took control of Korea, and began moving into Manchuria. Its only military alliance was with Great Britain. During 1902–1923. In the First World War, it joined the Allies, and seized many German possessions in the Pacific and in China. Japan put heavy pressure on China, but China resisted. Although the political system was formally democratic, the Army increasingly seized control in Japan. Indeed, in the 1930s, separatist Army elements in Manchuria largely shaped foreign-policy. The League of Nations criticized Japan's takeover of Manchuria in 1931, so it withdrew. It joined the Axis alliance with Germany, but there was little close cooperation between the two nations until 1943. Japan opened a full-scale war in China, in 1937, taking control of the major cities and economic centers with a long record of atrocities. Two puppet regimes were nominally in charge in China and Manchuria. Military confrontations with the Soviet Union were disappointing to Japan, and it turned its attention to the south. American economic and financial pressures, joined by Britain and the Netherlands, climaxed in the cut off of vitally needed oil supplies in 1941. Japan declared war, and in three months scored spectacular successes against the United States, Britain and the Netherlands, as well as continuing the war with China. The Japanese economy could not support the large-scale war effort, especially with the rapid buildup of the American navy. By 1944, Japan was heavily on the defensive, as its Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere collapsed, its navy was sunk, and American bombing started to devastate major Japanese cities. The final blow came in August 1945 with two American atomic bombs and the Russian invasion. Japan surrendered, and was occupied by the Allies, or more particularly by the United States. Its political and economic system was rebuilt on the basis of greater democracy, no military capability, and a weakening of traditional monopolistic corporations. Japan was a very minor player in international affairs in the late 1940s, but its economy revived in part as a supply base for the Korean War. Non-involvement became the central focus of Japanese foreign policy, together with very rapid growth of its industrial exports. By the 1990s, Japan, with the second-largest economy in the world behind the United States, reached a peak and leveled off economically. It retained very close relations with the United States, which basically provided it with military protection. South Korea, China, and other countries in the Western Pacific traded on a very large scale with Japan, but still deeply resented the wartime atrocities. Beginning with the Meiji Restoration <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji_Restoration> of 1868, which established a new, centralized regime, Japan set out to "gather wisdom from all over the world" and embarked on an ambitious program of military, social, political, and economic reforms that transformed it within a generation into a modern nation-state and major world power. The Meiji oligarchy <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiji_oligarchy> was aware of Western progress, and "learning missions" were sent abroad to absorb as much of it as possible. The Iwakura Mission <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iwakura_Mission>, the most important one, was led by Iwakura Tomomi <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iwakura_Tomomi>, Kido Takayoshi <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kido_Takayoshi> and Ōkubo Toshimichi <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%8Ckubo_Toshimichi>, contained forty-eight members in total and spent two years (1871–73) touring the United States <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States> and Europe, studying every aspect of modern nations, such as government institutions, courts, prison systems, schools, the import-export business, factories, shipyards, glass plants, mines, and other enterprises. Upon returning, mission members called for domestic reforms that would help Japan catch up with the West. European powers imposed a series of "unequal treaties" in the 1850s and 1860s that gave privileged roles to their nationals in specially designated treaty ports. Representative was the 1858 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Amity_and_Commerce_(United_States%E2%80%93Japan)> Treaty with the United States, called the "Harris Treaty." It opened the ports of Kanagawa and four other Japanese cities to trade, And provided for the exchange of diplomats. It granted extraterritoriality <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraterritoriality> to foreigners, So that they govern themselves and were not under the control of Japanese courts or authorities. There were numerous trading stipulations favorable to the Americans. The Dutch, British and Russians quickly followed suit with their own treaties, backed up by their own powerful naval forces. [1] <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Japanese_foreign_relations#cite_note-1> The unequal treaties were part of the series imposed on non-Western countries, such as Persia 1857, Turkey 1861, Siam 1855, and China 1858. The inequality was not quite as severe as suffered by these other countries, but it rankled so much that ending the inequality became a priority that was finally achieved in the 1890s. The humiliation was not as bad as China suffered, but it energized anti-foreign forces inside Japan. On the other hand, the new treaties provided for tariffs on imports from Europe; imports multiplied by a factor of nine between 1860 and 1864, and the tariff revenue provided major financial backing for the Meiji regime. Exports of tea, silk and other Japanese products multiplied by a factor of four in four years, dramatically stimulating the local economy while causing galloping inflation that drove up the price of rice.[2] <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Japanese_foreign_relations#cite_note-2> The Meiji leaders sketched a new vision for a modernized Japan's leadership role in Asia, but they realized that this role required that Japan develop its national strength, cultivate Japanese nationalism <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_nationalism> among the population, and carefully craft policies toward potential enemies. The skills and tricks of negotiation had to be learned, so they could compete on an equal basis with experienced Western diplomats. No longer could Westerners be seen as "barbarians"; In time, Japan formed a corps of professional diplomats and negotiators Japan had a lot of control from outsiders and to wriggle out had to lose Nagasaki and Hiroshima finally to retreat back. Amazon and Netflix have good movies in Japan when the King had the power and later when the west entered production from Hollywood based on History. The British followed one tactic, addressing all kings as highness and topple at the appropriate time; but Japan took the other end of becoming anti-hero and could not go back once entered the arena. 2 Mahabharatham was in 200 BCE is a laughing stock, blindly reproduced by the gullible, who believed the goebbels of quora as scholars and ignoring virtual historians, researchers and Indologists, even after articles appearing over here; either by passed the reading or thought to be ludicrous on the basis of no stuff. While reading any stuff the thematic presentations must be questioned unbiased whether quora or whether god played the dice. But those who simply fill pages, waken up from the sleep, when they do it , sidelining so many write ups in front -must only be erratic or senseless or communist who wanted to thrust asid all thinking I AM THE BEST by self. It is paranoid and requires psycho-analysis. 200 BCE one must know; 2200 years from now. Thatha who were 200 years before must have told that family how their grandfathers heard the mahabharata war fought in the north as stories told. But nothing like that sort of it. Adi sankara is told to these tribes as 750 AD and he ought to have written how their ancestors 8 or 9 dedes back saw the mahabharata war, but adi sankara foolishly wrote which G did not read perhaps differently. Moses' descendants must have seen and recorded such wars but failed to do so. There are so many recent generations who had not spoken about it at all except the writer and the heard-counsel Mr G alone ,suddenly became interested so academically to do research on exemplary learnt vedas and epics against so many ancestral fools who wrote differently. Sure MR G and other quora masters are so authentic in history. Ramayanam 400 BCE Vedam came after the Ramayanam written by many humanoids of the Mahabharata period and so on and so forth. Villains are only in India and chennai. Trains and electricity which have a lot of errors- alone are better off the field for Mr G and stop reacting on unfounded materials. KR IRS 1223 On Wed, 1 Feb 2023 at 06:14, Markendeya Yeddanapudi < [email protected]> wrote: > Sir, > I wonder at the great sweep of your regular posts,so informative and > interesting,your zeal and enthusiasm inspiring persons like me.Thank you > again and again. > YM > > On Wed, Feb 1, 2023 at 7:13 PM 'gopala krishnan' via Thatha_Patty < > [email protected]> wrote: > >> *CULTURAL QA 02-2023-**02* >> >> *BEING A COMPILATION THERE MAY BE ERRORS* >> >> Q1 What quality did Japan have for never being colonized by >> Europeans? >> >> A1 Tomaž Vargazon, practicing atheist Mon >> >> *Lack of useable resources, mostly.*Japan is scenic >> >> Japanese islands are young in geological scale, which means ores haven’t >> yet had time to accumulate in veins. As a result *the islands are poor >> in minerals and contain very few natural resources, beyond wood and arable >> land.* European expansion was not like in a computer game, where you >> want land for the sake of having land, all (or nearly all) European >> expansion was economic in nature. *Europeans were after Aztec gold, >> Indian tea and Indonesian spices for trade back at home*. *Japan lacks >> in iron of all things, the single most common metal on Earth, let alone >> everything else*. There simply was nothing in Japan Europeans >> particularly wanted. >> >> A few trading posts to export guns and manufactured goods to Japan in >> exchange for gold and silver were all Europeans ever really wanted from the >> place. Furthermore, Europeans just about never came down with a huge army >> and conquered powerful kingdoms with the sheer might of arms. Typical >> process of European colonization was to arrive at new shores, find trading >> partners, which were invariably small factions pressed by bigger neighbors. >> Make them your allies and help them stand up to the bullies an in exchange, >> make them your vassals. European colonizers were rarely conquerors, to most >> they were simply the preffered rulers of the land, because they were less >> bad than the local bully. >> >> This may have been feasible in Japan in 1540, but not in 1615, when Japan >> was united under one firm government of the Tokugawa shogunate. European >> strength in the fareast simply wasn’t sufficient to take Japan when the >> country was ripe for the taking and Europeans rarely if ever picked on >> unified, strong countries. >> >> *That’s what saved Japan from European colonization*. It gave them the >> Imperial Japan though, which was hardly any better in the end. >> >> Q2 What are the reasons why it is not advisable to visit a >> temple during certain periods of time (e.g., after dark)? >> >> A2 Vinay Sharma, Proud to be Hindu Mon >> >> There are several reasons why it is not advisable to visit a temple >> during certain periods of time, such as after dark: >> >> *Safety: Temples can be dark and isolated at night,* making them >> potentially dangerous for visitors. >> >> Respect for the deity: Many temples close after dark as a sign of >> respect for the deity, who is believed to be resting. >> >> Preservation of the temple: Temples may close after dark to protect >> their structures, artifacts, and other assets from theft or damage. >> >> Maintenance and cleaning: Temples may close after dark to allow for >> maintenance and cleaning work to be performed. >> >> Religious customs and traditions: Some religions have strict rules >> regarding temple visits, such as limiting visits to certain times of the >> day or prohibiting visits at night. >> >> It is important to respect the customs and traditions of the temple and >> to follow the rules and guidelines set by the temple authorities. >> >> Q3 Why is there a fan mode in air conditioner? >> >> A3 Gopala Krishnan, Former Assistant General Manager 1996-2004 >> at Department of Telecom (1966–2004)Just now >> >> The fan in air-conditioner *circulates cool air to certain extent with >> in room when in AC mode*. In fan mode, compressor is not working , >> somewhat cool air will be coming for a short period and then normal >> temperature air. The switching through AC remote avoids every time >> switching on room fan when required. An AC remote operation is >> sufficient. I am not sure about the wattage of the fan, but I am sure it >> would be less than room fan. >> >> The fans coming now can be operated with remote. So fan mode is not >> required in Air conditioner. >> >> Q4 Do Indians consider India to be a successful country? >> >> A4 Balaji Viswanathan, an engineer. Jan 25 >> >> Most Indian middle classes see India as a student who is about to >> graduate from a top college. *Not yet rich, but about to become one.* >> >> Let’s say you are a senior in Stanford or MIT, you are unlikely to be >> personally wealthy. You might have 0 wages, some student loans and possibly >> no wealth. However, banks would queue up to loan to you and companies would >> vie to engage with you. >> >> Not because of what you have now, but because who you are about to become >> in the next 10–20 years. The same with India. *There is a lot of >> underlying work that went in.* >> >> Since the midnight of August 15, 1947, India has substantially grown its >> territory, peacefully integrated a massively complicated mess that British >> Raj left behind, brought 100s of millions out of poverty & illiteracy, >> avoided civil wars and major internal disturbance, built a strong >> military with a functioning triad, became recognised as a nuclear power and >> a key space power, major player in renewable energy, became recognised in >> key global avenues such as G20/SCO/Quad, key tech power, built a very >> comfortable financial position [unlike most developing countries that often >> require IMF bailouts]. >> >> *Unlike most regions of the world, we have avoided long bloody wars. >> Currently we are not part of any* major global tension while US, Russia >> and China are involved in proving who has the biggest phallus. >> >> *We could become a major economy without* taking shortcuts such as: >> >> Borrowing a lot [from China and other countries] >> >> Compromising on sovereignty [by signing treaties such as NPT or by >> joining global treaties that would keep another countries military base in >> yours] >> >> Suspending democracy and due processes >> >> *Drastically altering demographics [such as single child policy] that >> would give 2–3 decade growth* boost like steroids on a body builder. >> >> *Our path to success is long winded* [many countries have gone way >> faster], but it is increasingly becoming clearer to most of us that India >> is on to something big >> >> Q5 How do Indian trains get their power from overhead lines? >> >> A5 Swagata Sarkar, Technology and Railway Enthusiast Sun >> >> *Indian Trains use two types of Power collection* methods, one as the >> question says is from OHE or Overhead Equipment that is, the wires that >> run along above the tracks and the other one is Third Rail which is more >> commonly used in metro systems like Kolkata and Aqua line in DMRC. >> >> From overhead lines, Train sets (EMU) and Locomotives use a Contraption >> called the Pantograph. >> >> *The pantograph is a mechanical Device that is* hoisted above from the >> roof of the electric Locomotive to be in direct contact with the Wires/OHE. >> This contact between Pantograph and the OHE transfers electricity to the >> locomotive and into its traction transformer just like a plug is connected >> to a wall socket. >> >> *Since a train moves around, this Connection between Pantograph and OHE >> has to be mobile without any disruptions. This is achieved by installing a >> Slab of Graphite which does 3 things*. >> >> *Lubricates the Wire (Graphite is what we call a* “Solid Lubricant”) >> hence eliminates any wear and tear between the surfaces. >> >> *Allows flow of electricity (Graphite is an excellent* conductor of >> electricity) >> >> *Somewhat protects the Pantograph from heat* damage due to extreme >> friction and heat. >> >> *The pantograph uses Loaded Springs, A pneumatic* system or both to >> ensure the pantograph remains hoisted up at all required times. This system >> is controlled manually by the Locopilots in Both cabs. >> >> The pantograph after collecting electricity, transfers it to a series of >> insulated grids over the Roof of Locomotive to a Big Switch, known as a DJ, >> or Dis-Juntioner. >> >> *The DJ is a failsafe device which breaks or* maintains connection with >> the Pantograph and Traction transformer. >> >> *If for some reason the pantograph cannot be lowered and it is necessary >> to stop electricity to the locomotive, The DJ can be opened to break the >> connection with the pantograph*. >> >> From the Pantograph and DJ, the electricity finally reaches the Traction >> Transformer that further supplies electricity to the locomotive. >> >> My note- A lot of spark appears when pantograph is withdrawn from the >> conductor. The other day I could observe it when my train to Bangalore >> was halting in the platform, drawn from yard >> >> Q6 How Chennai lost its pride among south Indian cities? When >> Bangalore overtaken Chennai? >> >> A6 Vinod Gopal, Lives in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India20h >> >> For God’s sake please don’t compare Chennai with Bangalore. In fact >> comparing itself is wrong and is a forbidden fruit you could say. 200 >> years ago when there were no electricity in those parts of Karnataka you >> are comparing, Chennai had a cold ice warehouse, which is a museum right >> now. Just imagine we had icecream, cold sodas, kulfis, cakes and many such >> food and beverages which were dream luxurious commodities for inland non >> coastal towns*. Ice reached us from USA which was the idea of a teenaged >> American prodigy.* >> >> Anyway, i don’t want to confuse you with those complex explanations which >> needs deep imagination to decipher how ahead we were. Even today I can >> safely say that Chennai is the numero uno lifeline seaport city that is >> responsible for the whole vast expanse of the Indian ocean’s water world >> hemisphere. When Malaysian airlines flight got missing, Chennai is one >> among the coordinates that Air traffic control and international maritime >> navigation authorities transmit to kick start search operations. *In >> fact Chennai stands guard to a huge stretch of Indian ocean* that we >> have a dome structured Sonar that guides many ships in vicinity and this is >> something which nobody even tells you. Your rail coaches are made here, >> army’s tanks are made here, Chennai is even an inter continental internet >> gateway. Oh, 1200 kms away, the Andaman isles has only two lifelines for >> ration supply - Chennai and Bangalore. Lol Kidding. *Kolkatta in, >> Bangalore out.* Heck, even their telecommunications network was until >> recently connected with Chennai telephone exchange through a huge under >> water telecom fibre. *Bangalore is just a big city.* It does not have >> responsibity over other places and areas thousands of kilometres away, does >> it? >> >> My note- Just added for views of persons answering. Both the states have >> a lot of merits and it is best not to compare. >> >> Q7 Has the chemistry or production of gasoline changed enough >> over the decades that gasoline from 1945 would not work in a modern car >> (new from 1945, not very old gas)? >> >> A7 Michael Kay, Car and engine restoration experience.3y >> >> It is interesting that you chose 1945 as your year for comparison. *If >> you put the sort of gasoline sold in 1945 in your modern car it would not >> only run badly but it would be damaged.* >> >> In 1945 the gasoline sold to American motorists was rationed and was of *very >> poor quality*. So was the lubricating oil. Priority was given to >> supplying refined petroleum products for the military. The better feed >> stocks were used first for aviation fuel and then for other military needs. >> >> American motorists during the war years got the dregs. The bad war gas >> problem was exacerbated by bootleg stations that sold adulterated gasoline >> and lubricating oil. >> >> *The bad gasoline available to motorists during the war years had several >> problems:* >> >> The octane level was lower than that for which the cars had been >> designed necessitating that the cars be detuned. *This usually involved >> retarding the ignition timing.* It sometimes required that the >> compression ratio be reduced by fitting a thicker or a second head gasket. >> This was essential for those cars that had a Denver Head, a cylinder head >> that had been milled for high altitude operation. >> >> *The war fuel did not properly vaporize. This lead to cold starting >> problems.* >> >> The fuel composition and quality was inconsistent. Because of this >> carburetor and ignition adjustments that were adequate for one tank of fuel >> might not work for a different fill. >> >> *Some of the war fuel mixtures could produce a varnish-like coating >> within the engine*. This would coat the cylinder walls, pistons, and >> piston rings. When it cooled this varnish could actually cause some of the >> pistons to seize within the bores, preventing the starter motor from >> turning the motor over. The motor would have to be disassembled and the >> varnish scrubbed from the bore by a hot solvent such as Xylene or MEK. >> >> *War fuel burned incompletely leaving heavy carbon deposits on pistons*, >> valves, and cylinder heads. In one year the accumulated carbon on a piston >> top could be 1/4 inch thick. This could only be removed by disassembling >> the engine and scraping off the carbon. >> >> If you did manage to find some decent High Test fuel in 1945 it would, >> nevertheless, contain tetra-ethyl lead. This High Test or “Ethyl” gas >> had a decent octane rating, at least high enough to run without detonation >> in the 7 : 1 “high compression” engines of the 1940s. But the tetra-ethyl >> lead additive in it would clog and destroy the catalytic converter in your >> modern car eventually rendering it undrivable. The unleaded or “white” gas >> alternatively available had too low an octane rating for anything but low >> compression engines. >> >> *You asked about the compatibility of 1945 gasoline and modern cars*. But >> there would be another problem involving lubricating oil. First of all, >> a modern car would require an oil with an API classification of SN or >> SN-Plus. Any oil made prior to 1979 would be rated “Obsolete / Can Cause >> Equipment Harm”. But the lubricating oil available in 1945 was terrible >> even by the standards of the 1940s. >> >> *Like the gasoline sold to motorists in 1945, the lubricating oil was >> made from low grade feed stocks and was crudely refined*. It quickly >> formed sludge deposits. This was so serious a problem that when in the late >> 1940s premium lubricating oils containing detergents first became available >> motorists who had previously used war-time or pre-war oils in their cars >> were advised by mechanics NOT to use detergent oils. >> >> The problem was that the new detergent oils would take the sludge >> deposits in the crankcase into solution and circulate them, along with the >> oil, through the engine. These deposits would then clog smaller oil >> passages, such as those lubricating the timing chain or gears, leading to >> oil starvation and mechanical breakdown. >> >> The advised method of going from non-detergent to detergent oils was: >> >> Drain the old oil and flush the crankcase with kerosene. >> >> Drain the kerosene and fill the crankcase with fresh detergent oil. >> >> Drive the car for 50 miles, drain the crankcase and fill with fresh >> detergent oil. >> >> Drive the car for 300 miles, drain the crankcase and fill with fresh >> detergent oil. >> >> Drive the car for 500 more miles and drain the crankcase. >> >> Refill the crankcase with fresh detergent oil. >> >> *Resume an oil and filter change interval of no greater than 3000 miles.* >> >> As with wartime gasoline corrupt oil dealers and garages exacerbated the >> problem by selling bootleg low-quality lubricating oil. This could quickly >> damage any engine. >> >> So, no, neither the gasoline nor the lubricating oil available in 1945 >> could be used in a modern car. >> >> Q8 What advice would you like to give to the people of your age? >> >> A8 Kanthaswamy Balasubramaniam, LawyerSun >> >> *For 65 Yr olds and above* >> >> Rule No 1 :- Upload your family pensioner details with your pension >> department if you work for GOI/PSU/State Govt >> >> Rule No 2 :- Know procedure to avail Medical Insurance >> >> Rule No 3:- Cut down on Sugar, Sodium and Oil >> >> Rule No 4:- Get your nominee details in order or ensure your wife is >> Joint in all accounts and FDs >> >> Rule No 5:- Keep a set of all passwords and usernames with your spouse so >> that all accounts can be accessed (Apps, Online Banking, Mutual Funds >> etc) >> >> *Rule No 6:-. Leave 6 Signed Cheques with your* spouse without entering >> the date >> >> *Rule No 7:- Make a Will and last testament* >> >> *Rule No 8:- Cut down on Coffee, Alcohol and Cigarettes completely. More >> Fiber.* >> >> Rule No 8:- Walk every 8 hours when travelling to USA inside the flight, >> flex your legs regularly and your hands >> >> Rule No 9:- Avoid Driving if possible once you turn 70. >> >> Rule No 10:- Walk every morning if possible >> >> Rule No 11:- Talk to family members outside immediate family once every >> 3–6 months >> >> Rule No 12:- Share Pattern and Passwords of all Email Addresses except >> Quora/Social Media with your wife >> >> Rule No 13:- Whatever you want to do for Grandkids, *open FDs in your >> name, name them as beneficiaries. *When Rajinikanth can do it, so can you >> >> *Rule 14:- Start moving to a Retirement Home by age of 70–75*. A Nice >> one like GVs , not a con retirement home that you risk investing in, if >> you are not careful. >> >> *Rule 15:- Last drink of water at 7:30 PM. No water till* 7 AM. That way >> you avoid urinating at 1 AM and 3 AM. >> >> Rule 16:- Avoid Bus Travel except for Morning Or Noon Buses. No overnight. >> >> Rule 17:- Inform spouse wherever you are going and always carry your cell >> phone on you with spouse number and kid number being always in the last >> 20 numbers and shared as WIFE, SON 1, SON 2, NEIGHBOR etc. >> >> That's all i can think of >> >> Sorry sounds very much like a harbinger of doom but it's useful advise. >> Trust me >> >> My note- Many points are agreeable to many aged. Certain items may not be >> agreeable. >> >> Q9 Is the cockpit the most dangerous part of the plane? Why or >> why not? >> >> A9 Joe Shelton, Author, Pilot (Comm. MEL/SEL/MES/SES, Inst), >> Aircraft Owner Updated 5y >> >> Except in an accident, maybe the most dangerous place around any >> airplane, day in and day out, is to be standing in front of it. Every >> year since airplanes were invented someone, somewhere walks into a >> spinning propeller. You can hear spinning propellers, but they’re >> difficult to see. >> >> A friend of my family, when he was younger, was a “barnstormer.” In the >> 1920’s and 1930’s Barnstormers were a nomadic group that flew from town to >> town charging for airplane rides from farmer’s fields. *Max had taken a >> young girl for a ride and at the end of the ride she jumped off the front >> of the wing into the propeller with Max right behind trying to stop her. He >> was unsuccessful in saving the girl but he was also hit by the propeller. >> He suffered substantial head injuries and had to learn to walk, talk, and >> even eat again.* >> >> Jet engines are equally dangerous. >> >> Notice the vertical red line painted on this engine with the graphic on >> top indicating the danger areas. The short black horizontal line >> represents the engine the red fan shaped graphics represents the danger >> areas. If the engine is running, and you step into the red area at the >> front you risk being sucked into the spinning engine and at the rear you >> might suffer the intense heat and blast of the engine’s exhaust. >> >> *My note- I could not add the picture. Red line is* about 3-4 feet >> behind propeller. *So anybody within 3-4 feet of propeller can be sucked >> in. Now I am clear why flying eagles are sucked in if at all they flew 4-5 >> feet away from propeller and creating propeller/engine problems. * >> >> Q10 Did the Mahabharata happen before the Indus Valley? >> >> A10 Prathyush K.,History buff Jan 26 >> >> It is certain that this question comes from someone who has never read >> Mahabharata*. The stories in Mahabharata occur in late ironage India >> which is much later than the Indus Valley Civilization*. The battles >> were fought with iron weapons. >> >> Iron age didn't begin until 13th century BC. Indus Valley Civilization >> disappeared much before that. >> >> Mahabharata mentions Greeks, Chinese and many other foreign cultures.It >> also mentions kingdoms including Kerala, Chola, Pandya, Karnataka and >> Andhra multiple times. >> >> *Mahabharata, Sabha Parva, Chapter 28, Shloka 48:* >> >> “पांड्यांश्च द्रविडांश्चैव सहितांश्चोण्ड्रकेरलै: >> >> आंध्रा स्तालव नांश्चैव कलिंगानुष्ट्रकर्णिकान्।” >> >> (The hero brought under his subjection and exacted tributes from the >> Pandyas and the Dravidas along with the Udra Keralas and the Andhras and >> the Talavanas, the Kalingas and the Ushtrakarnikas.) >> >> *So, if Mahabharata is older than the Indus valley civilization, that >> would mean these kingdoms are older than it too. No sensible person would >> believe in that.* >> >> A good estimate would be around 200 BCE to 300 CE. But some parts of the >> story could be as old as 700 BCE. >> >> *My note- The QA is added in academic interest. So* Indus valley >> civilization was during/before dwapara yuga? >> >> *All the above QA are from Quora website on 01-02-2023* >> >> *Quora answers need not be 100% correct answers .* >> >> *Compiled **and posted by R. Gopala Krishnan, 79 years, on 01-02-2023* >> >> >> >> -- >> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups >> "Thatha_Patty" group. >> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an >> email to [email protected]. >> To view this discussion on the web visit >> https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/1435883587.1756102.1675259026201%40mail.yahoo.com >> <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/1435883587.1756102.1675259026201%40mail.yahoo.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer> >> . >> > > > -- > *Mar* > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "Thatha_Patty" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to [email protected]. > To view this discussion on the web visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/CACDCHC%2BJ2dLLobX1790%3DcNWPMbYjaW%3DiEGPYgM%2BNBHce%2Bdi%3Deg%40mail.gmail.com > <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/CACDCHC%2BJ2dLLobX1790%3DcNWPMbYjaW%3DiEGPYgM%2BNBHce%2Bdi%3Deg%40mail.gmail.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer> > . > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. 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