Respected Mr Rajaram,
At least when you respond with your points can't you address Mr narayanaswamy
as N as you used G for me?
However as I learnt PithuKuli was a grand musician, though he was blind. Mr N
will have his own points. Let us wait.
Because you were addressing improperly your sentence went wrong. "Of Course
our pithukuli as usual will expose his wrong knowledge due to senility"- You
wrote.
Is it will expose or exposed
On Saturday, 27 May, 2023 at 08:52:00 am IST, Rajaram Krishnamurthy
<[email protected]> wrote:
Yesterday Mr G in Q & A raised a question which had a fair answer. That answer
is right as NO ONE KNOWS WHAT IS THAT FRUIT. Actually many researchers are
trying to find out that paradise and some say they knew it etc. Of Course our
pithukuli as usual will expose his wrong knowledge due to senility. Today also
wrote in Iyer 123 as Dates. People who want to prostrate can become
knowledgeable as they wish. But those who wants to know the answer from the
LIVE SCIENCE: Was the 'forbidden fruit' in the Garden of Eden really anapple?
Nobody knows because the Hebrew Bible just says"fruit."
What's the likely identity of the "forbiddenfruit" described in the Bible's
Garden of Eden, which Eve is said to haveeaten and then shared with Adam?
If your guess is "apple," you'reprobably wrong.
The Hebrew Bible doesn't actually specify what type offruit Adam and Eve ate.
"We don't know what it was. There's no indicationit was an apple," Rabbi Ari
Zivotofsky, a professor of brain science atIsrael's Bar-Ilan University, told
Live Science.
The pivotal scene is described in Genesis, the first bookof the Hebrew Bible,
shortly after God warns Adam not to eat from the"tree of knowledge." A serpent
in the garden, however, tells Eve togo ahead and take a bite.
"When the woman saw that the tree was good for eatingand a delight to the eyes,
and that the tree was desirable as a source ofwisdom, she took of its fruit and
ate. She also gave some to her husband, andhe ate" (Genesis 3:6), according to
the Jewish Publication Society'stranslation at Sefaria.org.
As for the type of fruit, it's described as "just the'fruit of the tree,'"
Zivotofsky said. "That's all it says. Noidentification. We don't know what kind
of tree, we don't know whatfruit."
The Hebrew word used in that verse is "peri," ageneric word for fruit in both
biblical and modern Hebrew, according toZivotofsky. The modern Hebrew word for
apple, "tapuach," on the otherhand, does not appear anywhere in Genesis or in
the first five books of theHebrew Bible, Zivotofsky said. (It does appear in
other, later biblical texts.)In biblical times, "tapuach," was a word for
generic fruit.
So, if the forbidden fruit wasn't an apple, what wasit?
Rabbis commenting on the Hebrew Bible in the Talmud, acollection of rabbinic
teachings and biblical law, and other writings completedby around A.D. 500,
have noted several ideas about the mystery fruit'sidentity, but — spoiler alert
— apple is not one of them, Zivotofsky said.
Over the years, rabbis have written that the fruit couldhave been a fig,
because in the Hebrew Bible, Adam and Eve realized they werenaked after eating
from the tree of knowledge, and then used fig leaves tocover themselves. Or
maybe, some rabbis wrote, it was wheat, because the Hebrewword for wheat,
"chitah," is similar to the word for sin,"cheit," Zivotofsky said. Grapes, or
wine made from grapes, areanother possibility. Finally, the rabbis wrote that
it might have been acitron, or "etrog" in Hebrew — a bittersweet, lemon-like
fruit usedduring the Jewish fall festival of Sukkot, a harvest celebration in
which Jewserect temporary dwellings.
A citron, also known as an etrog
The lemon-like citron fruit is called an "etrog"in Hebrew. (Image credit:
edelmar via Getty Images)
Given all of these potential forbidden fruits, how didapples — which aren't
even from the Middle East, but from Kazakhstan in CentralAsia, according to a
2017 study in the journal Nature Communications — becomethe predominant
interpretation?
It turns out this interpretation likely didn't originatein Jewish lore,
Zibotofsky said. "I don't think that within Jewish traditionit ever did become
the apple, meaning in Jewish art, you don't find that,"Zivotofsky said.
Instead, the possible path from fruit to apple began inRome in A.D. 382., when
Pope Damasus I asked a scholar named Jerome totranslate the Bible into Latin,
according to Encyclopedia Britannica. As partof that project, Jerome translated
the Hebrew "peri" into the Latin"malum," according to Robert Appelbaum, a
professor emeritus ofEnglish literature at Uppsala University in Sweden and the
author of"Aguecheek's Beef, Belch's Hiccup, and Other GastronomicInterjections"
(University of Chicago Press, 2006).
"The word ["malum"] in Latin translatesinto a word in English, apple, which
also stood for any fruit ... with a coreof seeds in the middle and flesh around
it. But it was a generic term [forfruit] as well," Appelbaum told Live Science.
Apple had this genericmeaning until the 17th century, according to the Online
EtymologicalDictionary. Jerome likely chose the word "malum" to mean fruit,
becausethe very same word can also mean evil, Appelbaum said. So it's a pun,
referringto the fruit associated with humans' first big mistake with a word
that alsomeans essentially that.
Meanwhile, paintings and other artistic recreations of theGarden of Eden have
helped solidify the apple as the forbidden fruit. In art,unlike in writing, a
fruit cannot be purely generic, Appelbaum said."Artists, more than writers, had
to show something," he said. Theydidn't always show an apple: Artistic
renderings of the "Fall fromEden" depicted the fruit as a citron ("Ghent
Altarpiece" byHubert and Jan van Eyck, 1432), as an apricot ("Eve Tempted By
the Serpent" by Defendente Ferrari, 1520-25),and as a pomegranate ("The Fall of
Man" by Peter Paul Rubens,1628-29), according to Appelbaum.
Yet by the 16th century, the apple had also entered theproverbial fruit bowl.
In 1504, an engraving by the German painter AlbrechtDürer and a 1533 painting
by German painter, Lucas Cranach the Elder, depictedthe fruit as an apple,
according to NPR. Also according to NPR, in the epicpoem "Paradise Lost," first
published in 1667, English poet JohnMilton uses the word "apple" twice to refer
to the forbidden fruit.
But was the apple in "Paradise Lost" really theapple that we think of today, or
was it some generic fleshy fruit with seeds inthe middle? There's at least some
room for doubt about that, according toAppelbaum. Milton describes the "apple"
once Eve takes a bite,"as being fuzzy on the outside, and extremely juicy and
sweet andambrosial. All words which are attached to peaches," Appelbaum said.
The so-called Franken-tree, a modern grafted tree bearing40 types of fruit,
didn't exist in biblical times, but if it did, it just mightclear up this
mystery. KR IRS 27523
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