CULTURALQA 07-2023-23
Dear friends, As per the advice of a very senior member I will not beresponding to responses by Sri Rajaram and Sri APS Mani. Of course if they abuse I will be writing back Gopalakrishnan 23-7-23 Q1 Why doaeroplanes use kerosene (parafin) as fuel? A1 Rebecca Williams, Experience inAviation Jul 13 Kerosene is a type of aviation fuel that is based onrefined petroleum. It is also known as jet fuel, aviation turbine fuel, orafter. There are different grades of kerosene, suchas Jet A, Jet A-1, Jet B, and JP-8, which have slightly different specificationsand properties. They allshare some common characteristics that make them suitable for airplane engines.Some of the advantages of kerosene are: Kerosene has a high energy density, meaning thatit contains a lot of energy per unit of mass or volume. This allows airplanesto carry more fuel and fly longer distances without refueling. Kerosene has anenergy density of about 43 MJ/kg or 34 MJ/L, compared to gasoline’s 46 MJ/kg or32 MJ/L. Kerosene has a low freezing point, meaning that itremains liquid at very low temperatures. This is important for airplanes thatfly at high altitudes, where the ambient temperature can drop below -50°C.Kerosene has a freezing point of about -47°C, compared to gasoline’s -60°C. Kerosene has a high flash point, meaning that itrequires a high temperature to ignite. This makes it safer to transport andhandle than more flammable fuels, such as gasoline or diesel. Kerosene has aflash point of about 38°C, compared to gasoline’s -43°C. Kerosene has a low viscosity, meaning that it flowseasily and does not clog up the engine’s fuel system. This is important forairplanes that have complex and sensitive fuel pumps, injectors, and filters.Kerosene has a viscosity of about 3 cSt at 20°C, compared to gasoline’s 0.5 cStor diesel’s 4 cSt. Kerosene iscompatible with most airplane engines, whether they are piston engines orturbine engines. Piston engines can run on kerosene with minor modifications,such as higher compression ratios and fuel injection systems. Turbine engines aredesigned to run on kerosene, as they use high-pressure air and fuel to createthrust My note- paraffin oil is available in medical shopsunder prescription, applied to bottom of the foot for pain under the foot. Prescribed by Neuro doctors Q2 Why dosome metals corrode when exposed to air? A2 Erika Fernandez,Bike Lover12h Some metals corrode when exposed to air because they havea tendency to lose electrons and form positive ions.This tendency is called the activity of the metal and it depends on theposition of the metal in the reactivity series. The reactivity series is a listof metals arranged in order of their decreasing activity, from the mostreactive to the least reactive. The most reactive metals are at the top of thelist and they can easily lose electrons and form positive ions. The leastreactive metals are at the bottom of the list and they can resist losingelectrons and forming positive ions. When a metal is exposed to air, it can react withoxygen or water vapor in the air to form metal oxides or hydroxides. For example, iron reacts with oxygen to form iron oxide,commonly known as rust. This reaction is accelerated by the presenceof water or salt, which act as electrolytes and allow the flow of electronsbetween different parts of the metal surface. The iron atoms lose electrons andbecome iron ions, while the oxygen atoms gain electrons and become oxide ions.The iron ions and oxide ions combine to form iron oxide, which is a brown flakymaterial that does not protect the metal from further corrosion. Some metals canalso react with carbon dioxide or sulfur dioxide in the air to form metalcarbonates or sulfates. For example, copper reacts with carbon dioxide and water to form coppercarbonate, which is a greenish-blue substance that covers the surface of copperobjects such as statues or pipes. This reaction is slow and does not damage themetal significantly. Some metals do not corrode when exposed toair because they have a low activity and can form a thin layer of metal oxideon their surface that acts as a barrier and prevents further reaction with oxygenor water. For example, aluminum reacts with oxygen to form aluminum oxide, whichis a hard and transparent substance that adheres tightly to the metal surface.This layer protects the aluminum from further corrosion and makes it resistantto weathering. Also fewmetals do not corrode when exposed to air at all because they have a very lowactivity and do not react with oxygen or water under normal conditions. Forexample, gold and platinum do not oxidize in air and remain shiny and unalteredfor a long time. My note-Informative answer told insimplest language Q3 Have youever gained respect for somebody instantly? A3 Gurmeet Bishnoi, Lives in Berlin(2023–present)2y Do you know who isshe -She is Dr. Raisa Ansari - She has PhD in physics Raisa, a Master in Physics and PhD from Devi Ahalya BaiUniversity of Indore, received an offer to do research from Belgium.But her research head did not sign her recommendation letter. Her viva was notdone until two years after the thesis was submitted and then she could get viva afteradministrative intervention. Raisa has doneresearch from IISER (Indian Institute of Science Education and Research),Kolkata on fellowship of CSIR (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research).Due to a sign Raisa could not go to Belgium to research. Due to a sign and not any support, she is sellingfruits. We all feel sorry that such educated woman has to sell fruits but thereis a fact that she didn't give up. She didn'tcompromise her honor. If her guide didn't sign her document, still she startedworking by herself and earning for her. She is not ashamed to do such work and I do feel proud forher honor. Q4 DoesAirtel still have a priority network for postpaid customers? A4 Gopala Krishnan, Former Asst GeneralManager, Retired at Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL)Just now I am a post paid subscriber of Airtel. My bill comesunder one family one bill scheme now. Under this scheme all the existingconnections become post paid. Before I got my B SN L SIM In Chennai which was in high demand during 2004 end, I had to purchaseAirtel SIM. It was prepaid. At one time there was a campaign to convert prepaidto post-paid. Paying a deposit I wasgiven ISD facility in prepaid which still continues. When there is atower failure, automatically the customers are connected to the nearest nexttower. Depending on signal strength, you phone may/may not function. Nopriority in any way for post paid customers in any manner in Chennai Q5 Why doairplanes prefer to fly over the ocean? A5 Mayfair Jets. Aviation Enthusiast May15 Have you ever wondered why your flight path curved overthe ocean, even though it seemed out of the way? It's all about efficiency andsafety, friends! Let's dive into this fascinating aspect of air travel. Aircraft often follow what's known as the "GreatCircle" route. This might look curved on a flat map, but it's actually theshortest distance between two points on a globe.When you're traveling thousands of miles, following a Great Circle route savestime and fuel, even if it seems to curve oddly over the ocean. Over theocean, air tends to be less turbulent compared to over land, thanks to theuniform temperature of the sea surface. This means lessbouncing around for you and your in-flight drink! So, the next time you're on aplane, look out of the window and appreciate the ocean beneath -it's not just a pretty view, it's part of smart and efficient aviation. All the above QA are from Quora websiteon 23 -07-2023. Quora answers neednot be 100% correct answers. Compiled and posted by R. Gopala Krishnan, 79, on 23-07-2023. -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/776512632.2684344.1690076108683%40mail.yahoo.com.
