Respected sir,
Thank you very much for your response and positive wordsWith
regards,Gopalakrishnan
On Friday, 15 September, 2023 at 08:10:12 pm IST, Rajaram Krishnamurthy
<[email protected]> wrote:
good one KR
On Fri, 15 Sept 2023 at 19:06, 'gopala krishnan' via iyer123
<[email protected]> wrote:
CULTURAL QA 09-2023-15A
All the below QA are from Quora DIGESTto me on 15-09-2023.
Quora answers need not be 100% correct answers.
Compiled andposted by R. Gopala Krishnan, 79, on 15-09-2023.
Q1 How is hair related to the nervoussystem?
A1 Ken Saladin, Former professor ofhistology (microscopic anatomy) Sep
5
First the anatomy: Each hair isenclosed in a diagonaltube called the hair
follicle. Each follicle has a tiny muscle with a fancyname, arrector pili
(translation: erector of the hair). Each arrector pili receives a single motor
nerve fiberfrom the sympathetic nervous system (below right).
Each hair root also has a sensory nerve fiber wrapped around it(below left),
called a hair receptor or hair root plexus.
Now the sensory physiology (left sideof figure): Thesensory nerve fiber around
the hair is exquisitely sensitive. Any slightmovement of the hair triggers
nerve signals in that fiber: a light touch thatmoves a hair; an ant walking
across the skin, bending one hair after another;the feel of a shirt sleeve on
your arm; or a light breeze blowing across theskin. These signals travel
upcertain tracts of the spinal cord to the brainstem.
Thebrain filters out and ignores some of them (such as the feel of your
clothing,usually); it allows others to come to your conscious attention, like
the feelof the ant on your skin; and it triggers automatic reactions to some of
them,without your control. An example of the last of these is the protective
blinkreflex, occurring when something like a bit of wind-blown dirt touches
youreyelash.
Now the motor physiology (right side offigure): Inresponse to external stimuli
such as touch, tickle, or cold, or internalconditions such as low blood
temperature, fear, thrill, or sexual arousal, thesympathetic nervous system
sends signals to the arrector pili muscles. Whenthose muscles contract, they
pull in the direction of arrow (1) in the figure. That causes the base of the
hairfollicle to swing in the direction indicated (2). That makes the shaftof
the hair swing up in direction (3). In other words, the hair stands on end.
This reaction is calledpiloerection. It also pulls the skin up into a little
goose bump. (Thehairs in the drawing are already in the erected position, like
those in thephoto below; when relaxed, they would lie down toward the right,
closer to theskin surface, and the follicles would be more diagonal.)
Piloerection of the arm hair.(Wikipedia)
Piloerectionis probably of little use in humans, considering our vestigial body
hair,although there’s a little debate about this (modulation of air currents
acrossthe skin). In other mammals,though, it serves such purposes as retaining
heat near the body (cuttingdown on the heat-removing breezes close to the skin
and trapping a blanket ofbody-warmed hair), and makingsome mammals look larger
and more threatening in aggressive social encounters. Birds fluffing uptheir
feathers in cold weather is essentially the same phenomenon. (Picture not added)
Q2 What will happen if we eat pomegranatedaily?
A2 RGINFORMATION,Sep 9
Eating pomegranate daily can have severalpotential health benefits due to its
nutritionalcontent. Pomegranates are rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and
minerals, whichmay support:
1. Heart health: Pomegranates can helplower blood pressure andimprove
cholesterol levels, reducing the risk of heart disease.
2. Anti-inflammatory effects: Theantioxidants inpomegranates may reduce
inflammation in the body, which is associated with manychronic diseases.
3. Digestive health: Pomegranates containdietary fiber, which can aid
indigestion and promote a healthy gut.
4. Skin benefits: The antioxidants in pomegranates may contribute to healthy
skinby reducing signs of aging and protecting against UV damage.
5. Potential cancer prevention: Somestudies suggest that pomegranateextract may
help inhibit the growth of cancer cells, particularly in prostateand breast
cancer.
6. Improved memory: There's evidence that pomegranate consumption may have
cognitivebenefits and support brain health.
However,it's essential to consume pomegranates as part of a balanced diet.
While they offer numerous healthbenefits, excessiveconsumption could lead to
too many calories or sugar intake. If youhave specific health concerns or
dietary restrictions, it's a good idea toconsult with a healthcare professional
or nutritionist before makingsignificant changes to your daily diet.
Q3 How long does water take to go throughthe human body?
A3 Vimal Makwana, The ultimate reader Sep3
Thetime it takes for water to pass through the human body can vary depending
onseveral factors, including a person's age, metabolism, overall health,
andindividual hydration status.
However, on average, it takes about 6 to 8 hours for water to pass through the
digestivesystem and be absorbed into the bloodstream.
Here's a rough breakdown of the process:
Ingestion: When you drink water, it entersyour stomach almostimmediately.
Stomach: Water typically remains in thestomach for about 20-30 minutes, where
itmixes with stomach acid and begins the process of digestion.
SmallIntestine: After leaving the stomach, water entersthe small intestine,
where most of the absorption of water and nutrientsoccurs. This process cantake
several hours.
Large Intestine: Any remaining unabsorbedwater and waste products thenmove into
the large intestine (colon). Here, the colon absorbs more water, and the
remainingwaste eventually forms stool.
Elimination: The time it takes for stool tobe eliminatedfrom the body can vary
widely among individuals. On average, it can takeanywhere from 12 to 48 hours
from the time you ingest water until waste iseliminated as stool.
Keep in mind that these are approximatetimes and can vary depending on factors
such as the type of food consumed, individual digestivehealth, and hydration
levels.
Staying well-hydrated is essential foroverall health, and the bodycontinually
regulates its water balance to maintain proper functioning.
Q4 What is the relationship betweenanatomy and physiology in the body?
A4 Ken Saladin,Former professor ofhistology (microscopic anatomy)Sep 2
Physiology creates anatomy. Anatomy makes physiology possible. Form follows
function,just as I put it on the front cover.
Q5 How often should I eat per day?
A5 Healthgood at Fitness (2017–present)Sep1
There is no one-size-fits-all answer tothis question, as what worksbest for one
person may not work for another. However, here are some generalguidelines to
consider:
Three Main Meals: Many people follow the traditional pattern ofeating three
main meals per day: breakfast, lunch, and dinner. These meals are typically
spacedout evenly throughout the day and provide the majority of your daily
calorie intake.
Snacks: In addition to the main meals,some people include snacks intheir daily
routine. Snacks can help maintain energy levels between meals andprevent
overeating during main meals. Healthy snack options include fruits, nuts,
yogurt, orwhole-grain crackers.
Listen to Your Body: Pay attention toyour body's hungerand fullness cues. Some
individuals may naturally feel hungry every few hoursand benefit from eating
smaller, more frequent meals and snacks. Others mayfeel comfortable with three
main meals.
Athletes and Active Individuals: Ifyou're highly activeor an athlete, you may
need toeat more frequently to support your energy needs. This could involvepre-
and post-workout snacks or meals.
Intermittent Fasting: Some people chooseto practice intermittent fasting,which
involves cycling between periods of eating and fasting. There are
variousintermittent fasting schedules, so you can choose one that aligns with
yourlifestyle and goals.
Portion Control: Regardless of how oftenyou eat, it's important to pay
attention to portion sizes. Eating balancedportions can help you manage your
calorie intake and maintain a healthy weight.
Hydration: Don't forget to stay hydratedthroughout the day by drinking
water. Proper hydration is essential for overallhealth and can also help
control hunger.
Individual Needs: Keep in mind thatindividual nutritional needs can vary
based on factors like age, activitylevel, metabolic rate, and health
conditions. It's a good idea to consult witha healthcare provider or registered
dietitian for personalized dietaryrecommendations.
Insummary, there is no universal rule for how often you should eat per day.
Yourideal meal frequency should be based on your unique circumstances
andpreferences. It's important to focus on eating nutrient-dense foods,
listeningto your body's cues, and maintaining a balanced diet to support your
overallhealth and well-being
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