CULTURAL QA 10202310A
Q1 Is it true Pythagoras never existed and his theorem was known by
Egyptians much earlier?
KR Katyayana belonged to the Aindra school of grammarians and might
have lived towards the northwest of the Indian subcontinent. Katyayana
Sulba Sutra consist of 6 chapters with 101 sutras and 7 chapters with 39
verses. Here he has given the solution of rational triangles and states the
Pythagorean theorem in a generalized form. According to his Sanskrit shloka
“the area of the square drawn on the diagonal (considering it as one of the
sides) of a rectangle is equal to the sum of the areas of the square drawn
separately on its breadth (considering it as one of the sides) and on its
length(considering it as one of the sides).” Katyayana Sulba Sutra also
gives a geometric method to construct isosceles triangle equal in area to a
given square and a geometric method to draw the perpendicular bisector of a
given line. According to his Sanskrit verse the process to draw the
perpendicular bisector of a given line is “after doubling (a given) cord,
two loops (made at its two ends) are fixed at the two poles (of the Praci),
and the cord is streched towards south by its middle point where a pole is
fixed ; the same is repeated to the north. This line joining the two poles
is the north-south line (Udici).”
In recent literature, Baudhayana Sulbasutra is taken to be from
around 800 BCE. Baudhayana Sulbasutra contains a statement of what is
called Pythagoras theorem (it was known rather as a geometric fact, and not
as a ‘theorem’). The yajna rituals involved construction of altars (vedi)
and fireplaces (agni) in a variety of shapes such as isosceles triangles,
symmetric trapezia, and rectangles. The sulbasutras describe steps towards
construction of these figures with prescribed sizes.
Babylonian tablet: This finding suggests that the Babylonians,
not the ancient Greeks, were the first to study trigonometry — the
mathematics of triangles — perhaps using it in architectural calculations
for constructing pyramids, temples and palaces, the study authors wrote. [The
7 Most Mysterious Archaeological Finds on Earth
<https://www.livescience.com/29594-earths-most-mysterious-archeological-discoveries-.html>]
The tablet, which measures 5 inches (12.7 centimeters) long and 3.5 inches
(8.8 cm) wide, is known as Plimpton 322, named for its owner, American
philanthropist George Arthur Plimpton, who purchased the artifact in 1922
from archaeologist and antiquities dealer Edgar Banks. Experts interpreted
the 15 rows of characters written in four columns on the tablet as
descriptions of 15 triangles forming right angles, with their angles of
inclination decreasing incrementally, the study authors wrote. About 70
years ago, researchers determined that the notations on the tablet
represented a special numerical pattern known as Pythagorean triples, a
grouping of three positive integers, study co-author David Mansfield, a
researcher with the School of Mathematics and Statistics at the University
of New South Wales in Sydney, said in a statemen "The tablet not only
contains the world's oldest trigonometric table; it is also the only
completely accurate trigonometric table, because of the very different
Babylonian approach to arithmetic and geometry
<https://www.livescience.com/57862-sun-temple-golden-ratio-found.html>,"
Mansfield said.
Geometry is used throughout the Rig Veda
<https://www.hindupedia.com/en/Rig_Veda>. However, unlike modern geometry,
the emphasis was not on proofs but on usage. Furthermore, the rishis had
knowledge of the concept of precision, and this is evident from various
descriptions of applications and use of geometry. Further, the depth of
precision was based on the requirements of the task or study being
described. For example, descriptions of constructions were limited in
precision whereas descriptions of astronomical phenomena were described in
greater precision.
The following verse in the Rig Veda <https://www.hindupedia.com/en/Veda> deals
with the formation of the universe.
Who was the measurer *prama*? What was the model *pratimâ*? What were the
building materials for things offered *nidânam ãjyam*? What is the
circumference (of this universe) *paridhih*? What are the meters or
harmonies behind the Universe *chandah*? What is the triangle (yoke)
*praugam* [which connects this universe to the source of driving force, the
engine]?
All these Sanskrit <https://www.hindupedia.com/en/Sanskrit> words (ie:
*prama*) are geometrical terms which also occur later in the Sulbasutra
(where they are also defined).
Chariots are described in great detail in many different verses in the Rig
Veda <https://www.hindupedia.com/en/Veda> and Yajur Veda. Dr. Kulkarni
writes:
The proficiency in chariot building presupposes a good deal of knowledge of
geometry... The fixing of spokes of odd or even numbers require knowledge
of dividing the area of the circle into the desired numbers of small parts
of equal area, by drawing diameters. This also presupposes the knowledge of
dividing a given angle into equal parts.
Babylonian tablets did not speak the measurements as
Pythogres theorem does. If that were considered ,equal parts of angles etc
mentioned in Rig Vedam and later Yagna kundam in the KYV refer to the
rightanled theorem only. Pythogres is a genuine person established by so
many volumes and we shall not discuss such absurd topics.
Xxxxxxx
Q2 What are unknown facts about psychology?
Every line I can quote from B G; but can Mr G say which Psychology speaks
like those words written there?
KR IRS 10 10 23
---------- Forwarded message ---------
From: 'gopala krishnan' via iyer123 <[email protected]>
Date: Tue, 10 Oct 2023 at 18:11
Subject: [iyer123] CULTURAL QA 10-2023-10A
To: Patty Thatha <[email protected]>, Iyer <
[email protected]>, Kerala Iyer <[email protected]>
CULTURAL QA 10-2023-10A
Q1 Is it true Pythagoras never existed and his theorem was known by
Egyptians much earlier?
A1 “Silk Road”, AI Expert12h
Pythagoras was a dude who did a lot of math and philosophy stuff, but he
wasn't the first one to figure out his famous theorem.
This theorem says that if you have a right triangle, the square of the
longest side is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides.
Like, if you have a triangle with sides 3, 4 and 5 units long, then
32+42=52,or9+16=25.
But guess what? The Babylonians and the Egyptians knew this way before
Pythagoras was even born.
They used it to make accurate measurements and build stuff like pyramids
and temples.
They even had special numbers that made right triangles, like 3, 4 and 5,
or 5, 12 and 13.
These are called Pythagorean triples, but they should really be called
Babylonian or Egyptian triples.
We know this because there are some ancient clay tablets and papyri that
show how they used the theorem in their calculations.
For example, there's a Babylonian tablet from around 1800 BC that has a
list of 15 Pythagorean triples and their areas.
And there's an Egyptian papyrus from around 1650 BC that has a problem
about finding the length of a rope stretched across a river using the
theorem.
But did Pythagoras really exist?
That's another tricky question. Some people say he was just a mythical
figure invented by his followers, who were like a secret cult that
worshipped numbers and geometry.
They didn't write anything down, so we don't have any proof that he
actually lived or discovered anything.
Other people say he was a real person who travelled around the world and
learned from different cultures, like India and China, where they also knew
about the theorem.
The truth is that we may never know for sure, but it doesn't really matter.
The theorem is true no matter who discovered it or when.
It's one of those universal truths that connects math and nature and
beauty. And that's what makes it so awesome.
My note- I studied Pythagoras theorem in the high school. Later with
Geometry in degree course as ancillary subject in the 1st and 2nd year of
my BSc degree course (1962-1963). But whether he was real or mythical,
never came to me on those days
Q2 What are unknown facts about psychology?
A2 Psychology Tricks and Tips,11mo
1:— Money can't buy happiness but poverty can't buy anything.
2:—They start missing you when they fail to replace you.
3:—Anger is a condition in which tongue works faster than the mind.
4:— You can't be strong all the time. Sometimes you just need to be alone &
let your tears out.
5:-Everything comes with an expiry date.
6:— You can't start the new chapter of your life if you keep re-reading the
last one.
7:—Money is numbers & numbers never end . If it takes money to be happy,
your search for happiness will never end.
8:—No one's always busy. It just depends on what number you're on the
priority list.
9:— Believe it or not you can have whatever you want, your ability is
limitless.
10:—Everyone is trying to find the right person but nobody is trying to be
the right person.
11:-Your rumours don't define your character, your grades & finances don't
define your intelligence.
12:— No Comparison please: No one can play your role better than you.
Q3 What was the name of the King who hanged the 12 Priests of
Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams? Why did he hang them upon the Temple walls?
Why was the Temple closed for 12 years? How are these incidents connected
with Vimana Venkateswara?
A3 Temples in India Info, Best Website for Temples, Tourist Places
Info & Mantras 2h
The incident you are referring to is a historical event associated with the
Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams (TTD) and the Venkateswara Temple in
Tirumala, Andhra Pradesh. Here's a brief overview of the events:
The King and the Hanging of Priests:
The king you mentioned is believed to be King Thondaiman, who ruled the
region during the 18th century.
King Thondaiman is said to have hanged 12 priests of the Venkateswara
Temple on the temple walls for their alleged misconduct and misappropriation
of temple funds. The exact details and reasons behind their hanging vary in
historical accounts.
Closure of the Temple for 12 Years:
Following the hanging of the priests, it is said that the Venkateswara
Temple was closed for a period of 12 years as a form of purification and to
cleanse the temple of the perceived sins associated with the incident.
Vimana Venkateswara:
Vimana Venkateswara is a form of Lord Venkateswara (Lord Balaji) enshrined
in the sanctum sanctorum of the Venkateswara Temple.
This form of the deity is believed to represent Lord Venkateswara during
the 12-year period when the main temple was closed. Devotees continued to
worship Vimana Venkateswara during this time.
Vimana Venkateswara is considered a form of Lord Venkateswara that
signifies a period of penance and purification for the temple.
It's important to note that historical accounts and legends related to
these events may vary, and there are different versions of the story.
The hanging of the priests and the closure of the temple are considered
part of the temple's historical narrative and the religious traditions
associated with the worship of Lord Venkateswara in Tirumala.
Q4 What are some of the weird but real medical conditions?
A4 Pallab Roy Chowdhury, Lives in Kolkata, West Bengal, India2y(Mr
Chowdhary is a resident surgeon in Kolkata)
This was taught by a medicine faculty and later was shown in good doctor
series.
So, it happened in Madras medical college.
A man, 43 yrs of age, newly married, (was a chronic drinker? ) for the past
10 years, have now developed chronic liver failure.Liver is an organ of
detoxification of medicines. So, if you provide a liver failure patient
with medicine, it will worsen his disease even more.
So, the only resort left was… LIVER TRANSPLANT
In our country, there is a huge line of recepients and a few donors, so the
line is longggggggggg.
One has to stay clean for at least 6 months.. That means “alcohol no touchy
touchy “.
He was too advised to do the same.Fair enough right?
So he came back after 6 months…. His blood was checked for the level of
alcohol.
POSITIVE.
The doctors got furious and scolded his wife to take him home.
“There are many patients in this country who genuinely want a liver, and
I'm not gonna waste a precious organ on someone who can't stay sober for
even 6 months “
These were his exact words.
But the wife insisted, that he didn't even touch alchohol for these 6
months.
He insisted too.
“ Sir, I'm a Bhakt of Mahadev, and I will never lie in his name.., sir i
have not touched alchohol, trust me “.
But you know how some doctors are. They rely on just evidence.
They refused.She insisted.
They refused.She insisted.
They refused again.She insisted again.
Now, someone has to give up right?
“ His condition is not good, we will keep him in observation for some days
“
So they admitted him. Next day his alcohol levels were checked again. Still
high.Next day.Still high.
Next day.Higher.
Now, if you were ever admitted in a hospital, you will know that alcohols
aren't allowed there.
Even the doctors were confused, what the hell is happening, how is he
getting alcohol daily.
The housekeeping staff were called and asked, CCTV footage was seen and
security were interrogated. All in haste.
The senior doctor smelled something fishy.
He ran some tests, one of them was “ fungal culture of gastric aspirate “.
Voila.Rarest of rare case.
AUTO BREWERY SYNDROME.
All were amazed, and the doctors finally got their answer. What is it?
Well, as the name suggests, it is a condition where the stomach ferments
alcohol itself from starch based products.
Generally ppl suffering from auto brewery syndrome has a history of
antibiotics abuse ( see, that's why it is told to never overuse
antibiotics. One of my patient took antibiotics for 23 days straight, he
suffered from life threatening diarrhea later)..
Anyways, the stomach contains a lots of fungus, mainly SACCHAROMYECES
CREVESIAE, the fungus used to ferment beer and rum.
The stomach contains a plenty of those.
And whenever you take starch based product, they convert it into alcohol.
Thus although you do not take alcohol from outside (exogenously), your body
produces it itself ( indigenously).
Sadly, even after all the diagnosis, he still wasn't an eligible candidate
for liver transplant.
He died 2 months later of multiple organ dysfunction.
Q5 What is the biggest culture shock you have ever faced?
A5 Sanchita Sharma,Works at Wipro Technologies Updated 6y
I am from J&K and when I first came to Bangalore for my studies, the
cultural difference was as huge as the distances between these two places.
1)More than half the people stay in flats and apartment rather than houses
in colonies.
2)Coffee is ‘Kapi’ and instead of using teacups, small steel tumblers are
used.
3)People are very busy as most of them work for 9–5 corporate jobs.You can
see people going as flock of sheep to office.
4)No one is interested in anybody else’s life. I don’t even know who my
neighbors are. Its just an awkward smile if we cross ways. This is
completely opposite as compared to my place where neighbor aunties are
‘CCTV’ :P
5) There are high chances that your interactions are more with a computer
than an actual human being
6) Unmarried girls put sindoor on their forehead which was VERY strange for
me.
7) Idli dosa which is a specialty back home is way too common here. The day
my Mom prepares south Indian cuisine it feels as if some festival is there
and the level of excitement is high.
Over the years Bangalore has become my second home. I love the
unpredictable weather, my filter kapi, delicious idlis and this place.
All the above QA are from Quora DIGEST to me on 10-10-2023.
Quora answers need not be 100% correct answers.
Compiled and posted by R. Gopala Krishnan, 80, on 10-10-2023.
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