CULTURAL QA 03202403 Q1 What are some of the real funny stories about any scientist of the past?
KR As far as I could see, all written by the author and Mr G were only supported by scaffolding and because in Wikipedia, the authenticity may not be right. Because Dirac was so reticent and was made fun as knowing only few vocabularies; so how he could have crossed so many with such jerks? And Einstein wrote something about him too. And Nobel his idea was not to share but was advised, with whom he guffawed? The article below is copyrighted sir: (vide Paras 1,11,14, 16,17,} “ SIMPLY DIRAC 1 At the turn of the millennium in the year 2000, a senior Italian physicist reflected on which individual had had the greatest influence on 20th-century physics. “Paul Dirac had a much bigger impact on modern science in the 20th century than Albert Einstein,” he concluded. Paul Dirac? Who was he? While Einstein is the undisputed icon of modern theoretical physics, Dirac is little known outside the physics community, certainly less so than Niels Bohr, Werner Heisenberg, Erwin Schrödinger, and Richard Feynman. And yet, Dirac unquestionably was a creative physicist of the same elevated rank, and his relative anonymity is unwarranted. For one, Einstein recognized his genius early on. While trying, in 1926, to understand a paper by the then 24-year-old British physicist who, at the time, was unknown to him, Einstein wrote in a letter, almost in despair: “I have trouble with Dirac. This balancing on the dizzying path between genius and madness is awful.” 2 Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac—for that was his full name—was a late prodigy. Born on August 8, 1902, in Bristol, the second child of Charles Dirac and Florence née Holten, Paul had two siblings: an older brother Reginald (who committed suicide at 24) and a younger sister, Beatrice. His father was a French-speaking Swiss immigrant who had settled in Bristol around 1890 and, for this reason, Paul was registered as Swiss by birth. Only in 1919, when he was 17 years old, did he acquire British nationality. The family lived in a small house on 15 Monk Road in suburban Bristol, a location unlikely to attract tourists. Today, a plaque informs passers-by of the building’s erstwhile occupant: “Nobel Prize Laureate in 1933 who revealed the secrets of quantum physics and antimatter.” In 1913, the Dirac family moved to a bigger and more expensive home at 6 Julius Road in another part of Bristol. 3 Paul had a rather unhappy childhood and youth, primarily the result of his authoritarian father’s distaste for social contacts (a trait that the elder Dirac passed on to his son). A highly regarded teacher, Charles recognized Paul’s unusual abilities and encouraged his education. On the other hand, he also dominated his family and kept his children in a virtual prison as far as emotional and social life was concerned. They were brought up in a crippling atmosphere of cold silence and isolation. “I had no social life at all as a child,” Paul once recalled. As a young man, he never had a girlfriend—or any other friend for that matter. When he finally broke out of that “prison” and left Bristol, he started to hate his father and avoided him if at all possible. Most likely, Paul’s reserved and solitary nature was a product of his childhood. 4 In 1918, Paul entered Bristol University as a student of electrical engineering; he graduated three years later with top honors. Unable to find a job, he was lucky to get accepted as a student of mathematics at the same university. He was more interested in mathematics than engineering anyhow. Finally, in the fall of 1923, a new chapter in his life started as he left Bristol to enroll as a research student at Cambridge’s St. John’s College. 5 Relativity and quantum theory were not subjects that Dirac was taught at Bristol University. “We were studying engineering, and all of our work was based on Newton,” he said in 1979 at a conference celebrating the centenary of Einstein’s birth. “We had absolute faith in Newton, and now we learned that Newton was wrong in some mysterious way.” When Dirac arrived in Cambridge, he was already thoroughly acquainted with Einstein’s theory of relativity. 6 In 1919, British astronomers Arthur Eddington and Frank Dyson had confirmed from observations of a solar eclipse that starlight would bend around the Sun in agreement with the general theory of relativity. This meant that Einstein was right and Newton wrong. After this confirmation of Einstein’s theory, relativity was on everybody’s lips. Dirac was no exception. “We discussed it very much,” he recalled. “Relativity was a subject that everybody felt himself competent to write about in a general philosophical way. The philosophers just put forward the view that everything had to be considered relatively to something else, and they rather claimed that they had known about relativity all along.” Dirac took a course on relativity theory and scientific thought given by the Bristol philosopher Charlie Broad and later followed up on it by self-studies of the mathematical content of Einstein’s theory. Thirty years later, Broad remembered that Dirac had attended his lectures. He described him as “one whose shoe-laces I was not worthy to unloose.” When Dirac came to Cambridge, he had mastered the essentials of both the special and general theory of relativity, including much of the abstract mathematical apparatus underlying the theories. Relativity was Dirac’s first love, but it was quantum theory that made his fortune. 7 As a research student in Cambridge, Dirac lived a quiet life, confining himself entirely to scientific studies and taking almost no part in social activities. One of his fellow research students was the American John Slater, who would soon emerge as a leader of quantum physics and its applications in chemistry. Characteristically, Dirac and Slater never talked together and only realized years later that they had followed some of the same courses. Still, as Dirac met more people, he gradually became a little less shy and introverted, as shown by his membership in 1924 in two academic clubs for mathematicians and physicists—the ∇2V (del-squared V) Club and the Kapitza Club. The latter was an informal discussion group founded by and named after the Russian physicist Peter Kapitza. 8 Dirac was fortunate to be assigned Ralph Fowler as his supervisor—not because Fowler was very active in supervising him, but because he was one of the very few British physicists with expert knowledge of atomic and quantum theory. The quantum theory of atomic structure was effectively founded by Niels Bohr in 1913 when he applied Max Planck’s idea of discrete energy quanta to explain the structure of atoms. Apart from Bohr and his school in Copenhagen, the theory was dominated by German physicists from the universities of Göttingen and Munich. On the other hand, British physicists generally resisted or ignored the new theory. 9 In the early 1920s, the semi-classical quantum theory based on Bohr’s planetary model of the atom encountered an increasing number of difficulties. It pictured the atom as a system of electrons revolving in definite orbits around the nucleus, not unlike the planets in our solar system. Although the theory was in many respects successful, physicists working with it realized that there was something seriously wrong. They thought that perhaps the very notion of electron orbits, a remnant of classical theory, ought to be abandoned. Unfortunately, neither Bohr nor his colleagues in Germany had a better alternative. It was in these circumstances that Dirac was first exposed to quantum theory. Guided by Fowler, he soon mastered the intricacies of quantum atomic theory, subsequently writing a couple of papers on this topic. In the summer of 1925, less than two years after he had arrived in Cambridge, he had published six papers on theoretical physics. Although an impressive record, none of the papers were strikingly original. 10 In 1927, only a year after he had completed his Ph.D. at Cambridge University, Dirac was invited to participate in the prestigious Solvay conference in Brussels, which focused on the physical meaning of the new quantum mechanics and featured a soon-to-be-famous dialogue between Einstein and Bohr. The following year, Dirac was offered the professorship in applied mathematics at Manchester University but turned down the offer. Then, in 1930, he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, one of the youngest Fellows ever in the history of the distinguished academy founded in 1662. And in 1932, he was appointed Lucasian professor of mathematics at Cambridge, the chair once occupied by Isaac Newton. The name of the chair derives from Henry Lucas, a Cambridge member of the British parliament who founded it in 1663. 11 The culmination of Dirac’s scientific career came in November 1933, when he had been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics, sharing it with Schrödinger. One would imagine that young Dirac was overjoyed to become a Nobel laureate, but this was not the case. In fact, at first, he seriously contemplated rejecting the prize because of the publicity it would inevitably bring with it. But as the British physicist Ernest Rutherford pointed out to him, a refusal would surely create much more publicity, so Dirac reluctantly accepted it. At the time, a London newspaper, the Sunday Dispatch, described the 31-year-old Cambridge professor to be “as shy as a gazelle and as modest as a Victorian maid.” It added that he “fears all women.” By the way, when Dirac arrived in Stockholm to receive the prize and deliver the traditional Nobel lecture in front of the Swedish king, he brought his mother with him. According to the rules of the Nobel Foundation, he was permitted to invite one guest, and he deliberately chose not to ask his father, which is not surprising, considering the ill-feeling Dirac had harbored towards Charles. 12 Nobel Prize winners have the right to nominate scientists within their field for future prizes. Most laureates take advantage of this right, realizing that the award is an important instrument of international science policy. Dirac was not interested in science policy, but he did use his right in 1946 and again in 1950 to nominate his friend Peter Kapitza. Dirac met Kapitza when both worked in Cambridge, from about 1921 to 1934, and also knew him from his many travels in Russia. Although Dirac’s two nominations were unsuccessful, in 1978 Kapitza finally received the Nobel Prize for his significant contributions to low-temperature physics. He was 84 years old. 13 There is a concept in elementary particle physics called “strangeness,” a kind of quantum number that characterizes a rapidly decaying particle. While the proton and the electron are not strange particles, more exotic elementary particles are ascribed a strangeness number different from zero. For example, the omega-minus particle consisting of three quarks has strangeness – 3, which makes it a very strange particle indeed. Had Dirac been an elementary particle, he definitely would be classified as strange, perhaps even stranger than omega-minus. A major biography of Dirac published in 2009 carries the title The Strangest Man. This is undoubtedly an exaggeration, but Dirac’s personality was in some ways peculiar and eccentric, exhibiting character traits that went back to his childhood and can well be described as strange. One of these traits, as illustrated in the case of the Nobel Prize, was his dislike of honors and publicity of any kind. In 1953, for example, he turned down a knighthood, mainly because he did not want to be addressed as “Sir Paul.” Of the few honors that he did accept, the most prestigious was the Order of Merit, which he received in 1973 (and which did not require any change of name). Dirac also received numerous offers of honorary doctorates, but invariably declined them all. In a letter to his friend, the American physicist and later Nobel laureate John Van Vleck, he wrote, “I like conferences and lectures less and less as I get older, and I never did like celebrations.” 14 Dirac’s reticence and taciturn nature were legendary. He was antisocial and rarely spoke spontaneously, preferring to use as few words as possible. A Cambridge physicist who had known Dirac for many years once told of how Dirac typically responded when asked a scientific question: “He looks for five minutes at the ceiling, five minutes at the windows, and then says ‘Yes’ or ‘No.’ And he is always right.” Other sources claimed that Dirac’s vocabulary was larger, consisting of five and not just two words, for he frequently responded with “I don’t know.” Another of Dirac’s colleagues described him as a “total rationalist,” citing Dirac’s idiosyncratic and exaggerated insistence on logic, as well as intellectual and verbal economy. He would answer a direct question but not address a comment or statement that, from a logical point of view, did not demand a response. According to one anecdote, after Dirac had delivered a lecture, a student in the audience said that he did not understand a formula. Nothing happened, no sign of reaction from the lecturer. After some time of embarrassing silence, Dirac was requested to answer the question. “It is not a question, it is a statement,” he tersely responded. 15 While other great scientists have sometimes been interested in and inspired by philosophy, literature, music, and political ideas, these aspects of intellectual life were largely absent in Dirac’s universe. In his younger and intensely creative days, he focused one-sidedly on theoretical physics, which completely absorbed his mind. He was close to being a monomaniac. To a Swedish newspaper, interviewing him on the occasion of his Nobel Prize, he said: “I am not interested in literature, I do not go to the theatre, and I do not listen to music. I am occupied with atomic theories.” 16 When Dirac became aware of the American physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer’s interest in poetry and Buddhist philosophy, he was deeply puzzled. “How can you do physics and poetry at the same time?” he asked. “The aim of science is to make difficult things understandable in a simpler way; the aim of poetry is to state simple things in an incomprehensible way. The two are incompatible.” Once, Kapitza gave Dirac an English translation of Dostoyevsky’s Crime and Punishment and asked him to read it. Later, when Kapitza asked if he had enjoyed the book, Dirac’s only comment was: “It is nice, but in one of the chapters the author made a mistake. He describes the Sun as rising twice on the same day.” 17 In 1926, Dirac spent a term at Bohr’s Institute in Copenhagen, where he became closely acquainted with the Danish atomic physicist and quantum sage. “We had long talks together,” he recalled, “long talks on which Bohr did practically all the talking.” Bohr was intrigued by the personality of the young Englishman, whom he characterized as a strange yet “complete logical genius.” 18 Bohr was in most respects very different from Dirac—socially, culturally, and regarding his scientific style. Yet, Dirac admired his colleague and characterized him as the deepest thinker he had ever met. In a 1933 letter to Bohr, Dirac wrote: “I feel that all my deepest ideas have been very greatly and favourably influenced by the talks I have had with you, more than with anyone else.” He later said that Bohr occupied the same position regarding atomic theory as Newton did concerning classical mechanics. 19 While in Copenhagen, Dirac became for the first time part of a vibrant scientific environment based on collaboration and group discussion. On Bohr’s invitation, he even spent Christmas with Bohr and his family. The stay in Copenhagen was a change in Dirac’s life, but not even the friendly atmosphere at Bohr’s institute could break his solitary habits and deep-rooted preference for isolation. 20 While Bohr’s creativity was boosted by long conversations with assistants and colleagues, and his publications went through a tortuous process with numerous draft versions, Dirac’s way of working was completely different. His mother had taught him to think first and then write—advice Dirac took to heart. When writing a manuscript, he would first draw up the whole work in his mind. Only then would he write it down in his meticulous handwriting, and this first draft would need few, if any, corrections. One of the students at Bohr’s institute recalled that Dirac appeared “almost mysterious” as he sat alone in the innermost room of the library. He “was so absorbed in his thoughts that we hardly dared to creep into the room, afraid as we were to disturb him. He could spend a whole day in the same position, writing an entire article, slowly and without ever crossing anything out.” LICENSE Simply Dirac Copyright © 2016 by Helge Kragh. All Rights Reserved. Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx KR IRS 3324 Q3 If I asked you to teach me something really cool or interesting in five minutes, what would you teach? KR Mr G gets wilder if I say anything; a gossiper may write like that ; but not a doctor a doctor of science; he shall give the reasoning as to why?; X and Y are all indeterminate because MAIN REASON IS ADDITIONAL ADVAANTAGE OF ESTROGEN IN WOMEN WHICH TINY SHOULD HAVE PRESENTED: And see the link where over the years the gap in death in sex difference keeps on widening because of men folly. https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/gender-gap-in-life-expectancy-by-age-group You can see that both the overall sex gap in life expectancy and its composition have changed over time. Before 1900, half of the gap was due to sex differences in mortality among infants. During the World Wars, the gap spiked due to a surge in death rates in young men. But, over the twentieth century, the gap also widened gradually. As the chart shows, this came from sex differences in mortality in youth and older ages specifically. Research suggests that the rise in smoking – which was especially prevalent among men – was a significant contributor to this widening gap.12 As smoking has fallen, the gap has narrowed. You can see that the sources of the gap have shifted over time: most of the gap now comes from middle and older age death rates, with infant and child death rates making only a small contribution. The chart below shows that there are also differences between countries. In Russia and Poland, for example, the overall sex gap in life expectancy is still large, due to higher death rates in young and middle aged men than women. You can use the settings to explore this data for other countries. https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/gender-gap-in-life-expectancy-by-age-group?country=RUS~POL~CAN~NZL The sex gap in life expectancy begins at birth: newborn boys have higher death rates than newborn girls, as they’re more vulnerable to diseases and genetic disorders. It continues in youth, when boys have a higher death rate than girls, typically due to violence and accidents. It’s sustained at older ages when men have higher death rates than women from chronic health conditions, which are partly due to higher rates of smoking, alcohol, and drug use. As there are many reasons for the sex gap in life expectancy, its size varies between countries and has shifted over time. In the past, gender differences in infant mortality were the leading cause of the gap in life expectancy. But now, differences at older ages are a larger contributor to the gap in life expectancy. Xxxxxxxxxxxxx KR IRS 3324 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx On Sat, 2 Mar 2024 at 19:59, 'gopala krishnan' via Thatha_Patty < [email protected]> wrote: > CULTURAL QA 03-2024-03 > > All the below QA are from Quora DIGEST to me on 03-03-2024. > > Selected quora answers generally interesting including jokes are included > Still they need not be 100% correct answers. I am only a compiler. > > Compiled and posted by R. Gopala Krishnan, 80, on 03-03-2024. > > Q1 What are some of the real funny stories about any scientist of the > past? > > A1 Rimas Ikrak, Studied Science at National School Of Sciences ( > NIST ) (Graduated 2015)Updated 9mo > > Paul Dirac was one of the most famous scientists of the 20th century. > > He was a very quiet man who remained merry in his own company but suffered > agonies if forced into any kind of socializing or small talk, so much so > that his colleagues at Cambridge University jokingly defined a unit of > speech called dirac, which meant one word per hour. > > In 1929, Dirac and Heisenberg were going on a ship to Japan to attend an > annual science conference there. > > Werner Heisenberg, who happened to be quite a ladies man, used to dance > with the young girls before dinners, whereas Dirac used to sit and observe > them from a distance. > > One evening, he asked Heisenberg: “Why do you dance?” > > “Well when there are nice girls dancing with them is a pleasure.” > > “How do you know beforehand that the girls are nice?” > > Heisenberg burst out laughing and said "Are you serious?” > > ---- > > Once Dirac and Bohr were seated in the same room, Niels Bohr, who is > known for being a perfectionist, was writing a scientific paper while > mumbling at the same time. > > As was his habit after some time Bohr became really frustrated and > stopped, and he complained, > > "I do not know how to finish this damn sentence. " > > Dirac retorted, "I was taught at school. Never start a sentence without > knowing the end of it." > > Dirac said it with such a straight face. > > Later Bohr went on to comment."Dirac was the strangest man who ever > visited my institute." > > ---- > > Dirac and Oppenheimer spent some time together. > > In Gottingen, the two young scientists had become good friends. > > On one of these days, Dirac noticed that Oppenheimer wrote poetry. > > Dirac asserted “I do not understand how a man can work on the frontiers of > physics and write poetry at the same time. “ > > “Why not” Oppenheimer asked > > “In physics You want to say something that nobody knew before, in words > that everyone can understand. In poetry it's the exact opposite. “ > > Oppenheimer unable to comprehend, stayed quiet. > > His comments would strike people as odd at first, but they would quickly > realize that Dirac made perfect logical sense. > > In 1932 during one lecture, a student raised his hand and said,“I don't > understand that equation. on the top right-hand corner of the blackboard.” > > Professor Dirac simply nodded his head in agreement. > > The student asked the question again, but he continued unabated.He > expressed puzzlement because he thought the student had simply uttered a > fact and not asked a question. > > --- > > American physicist Richard Feynman idolized Dirac.By the time they met, > Richard Feynman had become a well-known figure himself. > > He, being the chatty one, spoke at length, as he wanted to describe new > ideas to his hero. > > Dirac perhaps overwhelmed by Feynman's excessive enthusiasm, remained > quiet all along, but at last after a long silence, Dirac said, "I have an > equation; do you have one too? “ > > Paul Dirac’s wife Margit Dirac told both George Gamow and Anton Capri in > the 1960s that her husband had said to a house visitor, "Allow me to > present Wigner's sister, who is now my wife.” > > Sources- 5 times Paul Dirac was Hilarious > > Wikipedia > > You might be interested to check out some footage of Paul Dirac that is > available online. > > Paul Dirac 1982 interview > > Paul Dirac, story of positron 1975 > > Q2 What are some dark truths that have made you stronger? > > A2 Chauhan Babu nath,17h > > Life is not easy at all. Sometimes you will fail. > > There's a lot of things that are hidden from you. > > There may not be a tomorrow. > > There's a lot of things you can't control > > Information is not true knowledge. > > Without providing value you cannot be successful. > > There's always someone who have more than you. > > The past can never be changed. > > You are the only person who can make yourself happy. > > People who don't like you will always be present. > > You cannot always get what you want. > > You always get in life what you put on. > > Good friend will come and go in your life. > > Your never 100% ready for something new. > > Q3 If I asked you to teach me something really cool or interesting > in five minutes, what would you teach? > > A3 Tiny Nair, Cardiologist at PRS Hospital, Trivandrum1y > > Global average life expectancy at birth (LEB) for males is 70 years while > for women it is 76 years. > > Life expectancy at 60-years for males is 19 years while women it is 23 > years. > > - > > If you dissect a cell from a lady, carefully tweeze out the nucleus, > uncoil the human ‘X’ chromosome, it would measure about 5 micron in length, > which is around one-twentieth the width of a human hair. But compared to > its ‘male’ sibling, the ‘Y’ chromosome, it is 5-times larger and has 10 > times more genetic material packed in it. (Males have ‘Y’ chromosome > paired to a X chromosome (XY), while females carry two ‘X’ (XX) chromosome. > > While the ‘Y’ makes sure that the male-cells eventually generate male > gonads and secrete testosterone, making up all the handsome beard, > attractive pectorals, and second-glance biceps; it does nothing more than > increasing the brawn. Period. > > - > > In contrast, the ‘X’ chromosomes in women not only make sure that she > could do the most important thing to propagate human race by reproduction, > but also adds an 8% extra years of life to human women. > > How exactly does it do the trick is, however, not clear. May be the > cyclic estrogen regularly cleaning the female vascular system of all the > debris or lack of testosterone doping; but ‘X’ chromosomes increase > lifespan in most of the females in animal species. > > - > > The Teach > > It is thus, not surprising that she can afford to spend more time in front > of ‘make-up’ mirrors and trial rooms; while the testosterone-surging, > pectoral-flaunting, bearded, supposedly smart gender, with a vacant look, gets > restless, pacing up and down, looking at his watch. > > Kerala-women flaunt one the longest life expectancy at birth (LEB) in > India; a whopping 80.1 years. > > I have stopped wearing a watch. > > Q4 What are some facts that an MBBS student knows but normal people > don't? > > A4 Tiny Nair, Cardiologist at PRS Hospital, Trivandrum Updated 6y > > For the common man the main hurdle is to get into MBBS; and once you are > through you would become a doctor (the starched white coat, and the iconic > stethoscope inclusive). > > This is what they never tell you till you enter the medical college. > > Hurdle 1. > > Clear first MBBS - often the most difficult. If you don’t, you still go > back to college, you are not allowed to enter the hospital premises or wear > the iconic stethoscope on your shoulders. For the info of the outsiders, fail > rate in first MBBS is upto 20%. > > Moat full of crocodiles 2. > > Get into PG (MD, MS - 3 years - minimum, for super-specialty DM, Mch – 3 > more years). Without a PG you are nowhere today. Getting a PG seat is > real tough (unless you have an ultrarich father or a father-in-law; ready > to shell out couple of crores of rupees) > > Mountain climbing 3. > > With all the degree, you still need confidence of the patients, who will > let you treat them. > > With good luck, 5 years of hard work should give you a break. (unless > your father-in-law owns a hospital) > > Congrats; you are now 35 years old (The Govt. bond of mandatory rural > service not included). > > If these facts were explained to ‘normal’ people / parents, many school > kids would have been spared from being forced to get up early morning and > go to the ‘coaching centers’ for that MBBS dream. > > Q5 What are some little things you can do that greatly boost your > confidence? > > A5 Moin Pancha,Assistant Engineer (Class-2/Gazetted Officer) at > Narmada Water Resources, Water Supply and Kalpasar Department > (2024–present)18h > > Brush twice a day before sleeping and after breakfast. It helps you to > breath fresh and clean. You can talk with someone while being close to them > which is a sign of confidence. > > **Wear clean and pressed clothes, it'll help you in standing out from > crowd. > > My note- **It was my practice while working in training centre, to have > haircut once a month, daily shave, trim moustache, new dress and good > footwear. If it was summer, after meals in the quarter, I used to change > shirt. > > Not only me, 75% lecturers were so. But in field we could not be as in > training centre with stay up up 23 hours in work, going again at 6 PM, > continuous stay at different place etc.. > > Bathing regularly will give you a sense of control over your life, you > won't feel messy, which in turn will boost your confidence. > > Maintain a habit of healthy eye contact. > > Stay straight while walking, walk gracefully. > > Sit upright without closed body language. > > Use mild perfume./Powder. > > Moderate exercise will give you sense of confidence regardless of your > body type (fat, slim or skinny) > > Meditation will give you control over your thoughts which improves your > command over your words resulting in better confidence. > > Last but not least smile more. > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "Thatha_Patty" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to [email protected]. > To view this discussion on the web visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/318700736.2059046.1709431174383%40mail.yahoo.com > <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/318700736.2059046.1709431174383%40mail.yahoo.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer> > . > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/CAL5XZorgDYOOfwcG2fybp2t_Fed2BxcKqYX1nzX9tThWjJJPZg%40mail.gmail.com.
