PITU GOTRA PART 2 K RAJARAM IRS 2524
1 In Hindu culture, the term gotra (Sanskrit: गोत्र) is considered to be
equivalent to lineage. It broadly refers to people who are descendants in
an unbroken male line from a common male ancestor or patriline. Generally,
the gotra forms an exogamous unit, with marriage within the same gotra
being regarded as incest and prohibited by custom. The name of the gotra
can be used as a surname, but it is different from a surname and is
strictly maintained because of its importance in marriages among Hindus,
especially among castes. Pāṇini defines gotra as apatyam pautraprabhrti
gotram (IV. 1. 162), which means "the word gotra denotes the descendance
(or descendants), apatya, of a couple consisting of a pautra, a son and a
bharti, a mother, i.e. a daughter-in-law." (Based on Monier Williams
Dictionary definitions.)
2 One who follows the system defined by three sages defines himself as
Tri-a-Vishay. Similarly, for five sages, it is Pancha-Vishay, and for seven
sages, it is Santa-Vishay.
According to the Vedic theories, the Brahmins are direct descendants of
seven sages who are believed to be the sons of Brahma, born out of his mind
through yogic prowess. They are (1) Atri, (2) Bharadvaja, (3) Gautama
Maharishi, (4) Jamadagni, (5) Kashyapa, (6) Vasishta and (7) Vishvamitra.
To this list, Agastya is also sometimes added. These eight sages are called
gotrakarins, from whom all 108 gotras (especially of the Brahmins) have
evolved. For instance, from Atri sprang the Atreya and Gavisthiras
gotras.[5]
3 According to Robert Vane Russell, {KR WHO HAS DONE GOOD RESEARCH ON
Gotra and written quoting texts} many gotras of Hindu religion are of
totemic origin which is named after plants, animals, and natural objects.
These are universal among tribes but occur also in Hindu castes. The
commonest totem names are those of animals, including several which are
held sacred by Hindus, as bagh or Nahar, the tiger; bachhas, the calf;
murkuria, the peacock; kachhua, the tortoise; nagas, the cobra; hathi, the
elephant; bhains, the buffalo; richaria, the bear; Kuliha, the Jackal,
Kukura, the dog; kursaal, the deer; Hiran, the black-buck and so on. The
utmost variety of names is found, and numerous trees, as well as rice and
other crops, salt, sandalwood, cucumber, pepper, and some household
implements such as pestle, rolling slab, serve as the names of clans. Thus
the name of the rishi Bharadvaja means a lark bird, and Kaushika means
descended from Kusha grass, Agastya from Agassi flower, Kashyapa from
kachhap a tortoise, Taittiri from titer, partridge bird. Similarly, the
origin of other rishis is attributed to animals, Rishyasringa to an
antelope, Mandavya to a frog, Kanada to an owl. The usual characteristic of
totemism is that the members of a clan regard themselves as related to or
descended from, the animals or trees from which the clan takes its name,
and abstain from killing or eating them.[6]
4 A gotra must be distinguished from a kula. A kula is equal to a
particular family, or equal to modern-day "clans". A kula relates to a
caste.
Gurjars, Jats and Rajputs have 3,000 Gotras and Mudirajas of Andhra
Pradesh and Tamil Nadu have 2,600 Gotras. Gotra is always passed on from
father to children among most Hindu communities. However, among the Tulu
people it is passed on from mother to child.
North Indian Hindu society not only follows the rules of gotra for
marriages but also has many regulations which go beyond the basic
definition of gotra and have a broader definition of incest.[9] Some
communities in North India do not allow marriage with certain other clans,
based on the belief that both clans are of the same patrilineal descent. In
other communities, marriage within the gotra of the mother's father, and
possibly some others, is prohibited.
5 Vedic Hinduism recognizes eight types of marriages, thus predominantly
following the principles as stated in the Manu Smriti, referring to eight
types of marriages, the roles, and responsibilities of husband and wife,
and the purpose of marriage. Eight types of marriages are, (1) Brahma
Vivaha, (2) Arsa Vivaha, (3) Daiva Vivaha, (4) Prajapatya Vivaha, (5)
Gandharva Vivaha, (6) Asura Vivaha, (7) Rakshasa Vivaha, and (8) Paishacha
Vivaha. The first four types of marriages reflect the paradigm behind
arranged marriages. The last three are prohibited as per Manu Smriti, out
of which the last two are condemned. The Gandharva marriage is analogous to
the modern-day love marriage, where the individuals have the liberty to
choose their partners. Though Gandharva marriage had its due prominence in
our Shastras, with the advancement of time, Vedic Hinduism giving way to
classic Hinduism, the concept of arranged marriage rose to prominence,
which still today is predominant ritual for a marriage between two
individuals.
6 There is no harm in Sagotra marriage if the individuals are not
related for six generations on both maternal and paternal sides. This is
expressed in chapter 5 of Manu smriti in mantra 60, which states, सपिण्डता
तु पुरुषे सप्तमे विनिवर्तते । समानोदकभावस्तु जन्मनाम्नोरवेदने, which means
that sapinda ends after seven generations.[11] Section 5(v) of Hindu
Marriage Act 1955 also prohibits Sapinda relationship but there is no
restriction of Sagotra marriage.
7 Soothra, and the Veda culture he belongs to,
(Rg, Yajur, Sama &Atharva Veda), then his Gothra and name in that
order. One need not pronounce this Abhivathanam to a Saint (Sanyasi), Kula
Acharya - (the one who affixes the Shanka Chakra (The Conch & Wheel) Emblem
in your arms and adopts you as His disciple/sishya) or any other women
except one’s mother. However, for Brihaspati (Vadyar) and other elders,
one has to pronounce the entire Abhivathanam, every time one meets them. I
list below the most used and prevailing Gothra names together Rishis' group
that a specific Gotra one belongs to and the Pravaram one has to say while
doing Abhivathanam. Please add the respective Rishis name from the given
table, and other details in the blank spaces to complete the Abhivathanam. (1)
Abivathaye,(2) _______ _______ ______ (Names of respective Gothra Rishis,
asapplicable as one, two, three, five or seven Rishis from the table
givenbelow)(3) ____________ (Choose one as applicable »Eka
Risheya,»Dhwayarsheya, »Thrayaa Risheya, »Pancha Risheya, »Saptha
Risheya),(4) Pravaraanvitha:(5) _______________ Soothra (Abasthampa
Soothra/ BhodhayanaSoothraa),(6) _______________ (Yaajusha/Samo/Rg)
Gaathyaathi(7) ________________ Gothrasya(8) ______________________ (your
name)(9) sarmaNa: aham asbibho Brugu (Briku) - Twenty sub-lineage
Rishis#Name
ofGothraPravaram to be pronounced with Names 01Jamadagni Bhargava,
Syavana, Aabnavaana -Thrayarisheya, pravaranvitha: 02 Jaabaali
Bhargava, Vaithahavya, Raivasa -Thrayarisheya, pravaranvitha: 03
Jaamadagnya Bhargava, Aurva, jamadagnya -Thrayarisheya,
pravaranvitha: 04.Jaimini Bhargava, Vaithahavya, Raivasa
-Thrayarisheya, pravaranvitha: 05Bhaulathsya Bhargava, Aurva,
jamadagnya -Thrayarisheya, pravaranvitha: 06Maandookeya Bhargava,
Aurva, jamadagnya -Thrayarisheya, pravaranvitha: 07Maunabhargava
Bhargava, Vaithahavya, Saavethasa -Thrayarisheya, pravaranvitha:
08Vathoola
Bhargava, Vaithahavya, Saavethasa -Thrayarisheya, pravaranvitha:
09Srivathsa
Bhargava, Syavana, Aapnavana, Aurva,Jamadagya - Pancharisheya,
pravaranvitha: 10Garthsamatha Bhargava, Garthsamatha - Dvayarisheya,
pravaranvitha: 11Kanaka Bhargava, Garthsamatha - Dvayarisheya,
pravaranvitha: 12Yagnjapathi Bhargava, Garthsamatha - Dvayarisheya,
pravaranvitha: 13Avada Bhargava, Aurva, Jamadagnya
-Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: 14AartishENa Bhargava, AarttisheNa,
AnUpa -Thrayarsheya pravaranvitha: 15Aaswalaayana Bhargava,
Vaadhyaksha, Daivadaasa -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: 16Kasyapi
Bhargava, Vaidahvya, Saavethasa -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha:
17Kaathyaayana
Bhargava, AartishENa, AnUpa -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: 18Kaargya
Bhargava, Vaithahavya, Revasa -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha:
19Kruthsamatha
Bhargava, Saunahothra, Gaarthsamatha -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: 20Nairruthi
Bhargava, AartishENa, AnUpa -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha:
---------------------------------------------- Aangirasa (with 27 sub
lineage Rishis) 01Uthasatha(Uthathya)Aangirasa, Audathya, Gauthama
-Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: 02Kamyaangirasa Aangirasa, Aamahaavya,
Aurushaaya -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: 03GaargEya Aangirasa,
Gaargya, Chaithya -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: 04GaargEya
Aangirasa,Bhaarhaspathya,Bharatheevaja, Sainya, Gargya -Pancharsheya
pravaranvitha :05GauthamaAangirasa, Aayarsaya, Gauthama
-Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: 06Paurukuthsa Aangirasa, Paurukuthsa,
Thraasathasya -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: 07PaatharaayaNa Aangirasa,
Paurukuthsa, Thraasathasya -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: 08Mauthgalya
Aangirasa, Ambarisha, Mauthgalya -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha:
09Bharatwaja
Aangirasa, Bhaarhaspathya, Bharatwaja -Thrayarsheya,
pravaranvitha: 10Mauthgalya
Aangirasa, Bhargyasva, Mauthgalya -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha:
11Ratheethara
Aangirasa, Vairoopa, Raatheethara -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha:
12Vishnuvruththa
Aangirasa, Pauruguthsa, Thraasathasya -Thrayarsheya,
pravaranvitha: 13ShatamarshNa
Aangirasa, Thraasathasya, Pauruguthsa -Thrayarsheya,
pravaranvitha: 14Sankruthi
Saathya, Saankruthya, Gauriveetha -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha:
15Sankruthi
Aangirasa, Saaskruthya, Gauriveetha -Thrayarsheya,
pravaranvitha: 16Haritha
Aangirasa, Ambarisha, Yauvanaachva -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha:
17Aabasthamba
Aangirasa, Bharhaspathya, Bharatwaja -Thrayarsheya,
pravaranvitha: 18Aayaasya
Aangirassa, Aayaasya, Gauthama -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: 19KaNva
Aangirasa, Ajameeta, KaaNva -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: 20KaNva
Aangirasa, Aamaheeyava, Aurukshyasa -Thrayarsheya,
pravaranvitha: 21Kabila
Aangirasa, Aamaheeyava, Aurukshyasa -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: 22Garga
Aangirasa, Chainya, Gargaya (Garka) -Thrayarsheya,
pravaranvitha: 23Kuthsa
Aangirasa, Ambareesha, Yauvanaachva -Thrayarsheya,
pravaranvitha: 24Kuthsa
Aangirasa, Maandathra, Kauthsa -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: 25Kaundinya
Aangirasa, Bharhaspathya, Bharatwaja -Thrayarsheya,
pravaranvitha: 26Paurukuthsa
Aangirasa, Paurukuthsa, Aasathasya -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha:
27Lohitha
Aangirasa, Vaichvamitra, Lohitha -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: Aathri
( 13 sub lineage Rishis) 01Aathreya Aathreya, Aarsanaanasa,
syaavaachva -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: 02Mauthgalya Aathreya,
Aarsanaanasa, Baurvaathitha -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha:
03AthriAathreya,
Aarsanaanasa, syaavaachva -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: 04Uthaalaka
Aathreya, Aarsanaanasa, syaavaachva -Thrayarsheya,
pravaranvitha: 05Muthkal
aAathreya, Aarsanaanasa, Baurvaathitha -thrayarsheya,
pravaranvitha: 06Gauriveetha
Aathreya, Aarsanaanasa, Baurvaathitha -thrayarsheya,
pravaranvitha: 07Dattathreya
Aathreya, Aarsanaanasa, syaavaachva -Thrayarsheya,
pravaranvitha: 08Dhananjaya
Aathreya, Aarsanaanasa, Kaavishtira -Thrayarsheya,
pravaranvitha: 09Dhaksha
( Dakshi)Aathreya, Kaavishtira, Bhaurvathitha -Thrayarsheya,
pravaranvitha: 10Bhaaleya Aathreya, Vaamarathya, Bauthrika
-Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: 11Pathanjala Aathreya, Aarsanaanasa,
syaavaachva -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: 12Bheejaavaaba Aathreya,
Aarsanaanasa, Aadhitha -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: 13Aathreya,
Aarsanaanasa, syaavaachva -Thrayarsheya, pravaranvitha: Vishwamitra (13
sub lineage Rishis) 01Kausika (Kusika) Vaiswamithra, AagamarshaNa,
Kausika -Thrayarsheya 02Lohitha Vaiswamithra, Ashtaka, Lohitha
-Thrayarsheya 03Viswamithra Vaiswamithra, Devaraatha, Authala
-Thrayarsheya 04Saalaavatha Vaiswamithra, Devaraatha, Authala
-Thrayarsheya 05Kadhaka Vaiswamithra, Kadhaka – Dhwayarsheya 06AagamarshaNa
Vaiswamithra, AagamarshaNa, Kausika -Thrayarsheya 07Gatha
Vaiswamithra, Maaduchandasa, Aaja -Thrayarsheya 08Kaathyaayana
Vaiswamithra, Kathya, Adgeetha -Thrayarsheya 09Kamakaayana
Vaiswamithra,Devaseevarasa,DaivaTharasa (Rethasa) – Thrayarsheya 10Kaalava
Vaiswamithra, Devaraatha, Audhala -Thrayarsheya 11Kausika
Vaiswamithra, Salangayana, Kausika -Thrayarsheya 12Jabhala (Jabali)
Vaiswamithra, Devaraatha, Audhala -Thrayarsheya 13Devaraatha
Vaiswamithra, Devaraatha, Aulitha -Thrayarsheya Vashishta ( 13 sub
lineage Rishis) 01Kaundinya Vaasishta, MaithravaruNa, Kaundinya
-Thrayarsheya 02Parasara Vaasishta, saakthya, Paarasarya
-Thrayarsheya 03Vaasishta
Vaasishta, MaithravaruNa, Kaundinya -Thrayarsheya 04Vasishta
Vaasishta – Ekarsheya 05Haritha Vaasishta – Ekarsheya 06Aachvalaayana
Vaasishta,Aindrapramatha,Aabarathvasasya – Thrayarsheya 07Upamanyu
Vaasishta,Aindrapramatha,Aabarathvasasya – Thrayarsheya 08KaaNva
Vaasishta,Aindrapramatha,Aabarathvasasya – Thrayarsheya 09JaadhookarNya
Vaasishta,Aindrapramatha,Aabarathvasasya – Thrayarsheya 10Bhodayana
Vaasishta, Aathreya, JaadhookarNya -Thrayarsheya 11MithraavaruNa
Vaasishta, MaithravaruNa, Kaundinya -Thrayarsheya 12Mauthgala
Vaasishta, MaithravaruNa, Kaundinya -Thrayarsheya 13Vaasida
Vaasishta,Aindrapramatha,Aaabarathvasasya – Thrayarsheya Kasyapa ( 13 sub
lineage Rishis) 01Naithruva Kasyapa Kaasyapa, Aavathsaara, Naithruva
-Thrayarsheya 02Reba KasyapaKaasyapa, Aavathsaara, Rebaa
-Thrayarsheya 03Saandilya Kaasyapa, Aavathsaara, Saandilya
-Thrayarsheya 04Saandilya Kasyapa, Daivala, Asitha – Thrayarsheya 05Saandilya
Kaasyapa, Aavathsaara, Naithruva, Reba,Raiba, Sandila, Chandilya –
Sapthaarsheya 06Kaasyapa Kaasyapa, Aasitha, Daivala – Thrayarsheya 07Kachyapa
Kaasyapa, Aavathsaara, Naithruva, Reba,Raiba, Sandila, Chandilya –
Sapthaarsheya 08Bruku Kaasyapa, Aavathsaara, Naithrava
-Thrayarsheya 09Maareesa
Kaasyapa, Aavathsaara, Naithrava -Thrayarsheya 10Raibya (Reba)
Kaasyapa, Aavathsaara, Raibya -Thrayarsheya 11Baukakshi Kaasyapa,
Aavathsaara, Aasitha -Thrayarsheya 12Vaathsya Kaasyapa,
Aavathsaara, Raibya -Thrayarsheya 13Kaasyapa, Aavathsaara,
Aasitha -Thrayarsheya Agasthya ( 7 sub lineage Rishis) 01Agasthya
Agasthya - Ekarisheya, pravaranvitha: 02Idhmavaaha Agasthya - Ekarisheya,
Pravaranvitha: 03Aagasthi Agasthya, Maahendra, Maayobhuva
-Thryarisheya, pravaranvitha 04Agasthi Agasthya, Dhradyavrutha, Aidhmavaaha
-Thrayarisheya, pravaranvitha: 05Idhmavaaha Agasthya, Vaathyasva,
Aidhmavaaha -thrayarisheya, pravaranvitha: 06Pulaha Agasthya,
Maahendra, Maayobhuva -Thrayarisheya, pravaranvitha :07Maayobhuva
Agasthya, Maahendra, Maayobhuva -Thrayarisheya, pravaranvitha:
Note: In the above chart, some of the Gothra Rishis names are appearing
same as in other Gothra. It is advisable to check the Pravaram Rishis names
from your family elders as the Gothra name with different Rishi's names are
mentioned in the same script. The difference is in the Rishis sub-lineage
names that should be checked with elders. For instance, Saandilya
Gothra has three different pravaram with the same Gothra Rishi but
the sub-lineage names of Rishis are different. What is Gotra? How did the
people thousands of years ago realize that genetically there was
transference of some unique characteristics only from father to son (in the
form of Y-chromosomes) In recent past when it was fashionable to condemn
all Indian traditional systems as of no value, non-believers have
referred to 'Gothra' as archaic, unscientific, irrelevant and male
chauvinistic! The Scientifically proven factor DNA type test and
assertions are closer to the Gotra lineage matters. And to
the Vedic line state nothing less than what your
researchers & scientists speaking about! Modern
DNA & genetic research has confirmed male line
Y-chromosomal transference, through 8 generations in case of Thomas
Jefferson. 'Gothra' in essence really stands for Y-chromosomal identity.
In the very recent, US President (& Author of Declaration
of Independence of United States) Thomas Jefferson's paternity of his
slave Sally Fleming's children has been in news. For nearly 200 years,
since US president Thomas Jefferson's time, many
traditionalists maintained that Jefferson did not cohabit
with Sally. But some descendants of Sally maintained otherwise and
claimed to be progeny of the ex-president. This old historical
controversy has now been resolved using modern genetic DNA
analysis methods (Source -Founding father by Eric S Lander & Joseph J
Ellis and Foster et al, Nature[ Volume 396 - 5 November
19980] pages 14, 27 & 28). K RAJARAM IRS 2524//3524
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