K RAJARAM IRS PART 10 TO BE CONTD 5824 6824 4. Other Mahatmyas: - Historical details from Mahatmyas and Prashastis
There are many other mahatmyas <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/mahatmya#history> like Anantasayana- kshetra <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/kshetra#history>-mahatmya <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/mahatmya#history>, Vyaghralaya-isvara <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/ishvara#history>-mahatmya, Villvadri-mahatmya, Sonadri-mahatmya, Guruvayu-puresa-mahatmya, Kanyakumari-kshetra-mahatmya, Sucindra-sthala <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/sthala#history>-mahatmya, Mayuracala-mahatmya, Valkala-kshetra-mahatmya etc. All these works throw light on the study <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/study#history> of temples <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/temple#history> and holy places in Kerala <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/kerala#history>. *The Sthala-mahatmyas gives the legendary history of a place according to the historiography, they cannot be considered as a reliable source of history*. {THAT IS WHAT I ALSO WROTE AND GOPALA DO NOT STUDY HIS OWN NATIVE LITERATURES BUT WILLPOUNCE AND BOUNCE BACK ON ME} *Vatakkumkur points out that the Sthalamahatmyas are not considered as frame history neither by the authors nor by the readers*. They are for attracting people to particular temples by describing the glory of them. In some cases, the legends may contain some underlying historical facts. --------------------------------------- 5.1. Keralacara-dipika : Keralacara-dipika] - Historical details from Mahatmyas and Prashastis Keralacara-dipika as a work deals the legendary history and customs of Kerala <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/kerala#history> composed at the request of one of the kings <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/king#history> of Chirakkal. The style of the work is similar to that of *Kerala Mahatmya* <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/keralamahatmya#history>*. *The author of this work is still supposed to be the great ascetic Vilvamangalattu Swamiyar (1300 AD),{BUT VILVAMANGALATHU SWAMIYAR DATES TO 1700 AD ONLY AND NOT AS CLAIMED; but Gopala wrote without any verifications of Kerala literatures } from the following indications given at the end of the first and 68 Adhyayas of Keralacara-dipika. *iti vilvamaṃgalayogīśvara viracitāyāṃ keralācāradīpikāyāṃ |* The present work ascribed to him, there is another positive evidence to show that it is a very late work, for it contains reference to Rani <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/rani#history> Gauri <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/gauri#history> Lakshmi Bhai, the queen <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/queen#history> of Travancore who ruled from 1810 -1815 AD . {The reason for late AD is known; a queen who was 400 years later , would not have been written at all hence Vilvamangalam data is that of 1800AD or after only }} In the preface to the work itself it is pointed out that it is a narration of the legendary history of Kerala by Villwamangalath Swamiyar in Sanskrit <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/sanskrit#history> verses. The work is divided into three parts called Parasurama charitham, Sankara <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/shankara#history> charitham and Kerala ksethra mahatmyam. The last section has 13 chapters and four appendices called Parisistas. The first canto deals with the temple <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/temple#history> Vadakumnatha at Trichur, the second mentions the three temples <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/temple#history> of Chavara, Perumanam & Iringalakkuda. The temples described in the work are the same as those described in *Kerala **Mahatmya* <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/mahatmya#history> They are Vadakkumnatha at Trissur, Thirunavaya, Thirunelli, Gurvayoor, Kottiyoor, Thiruvilwamala, Thiruvanchikkulam, Kodungalloor, Trichambaram, Cherukunnu, Lakshmipuram etc. The verses used in *Kerala Mahatmya* to describe these temples are also the same as those in Keralacaradipika. --------------------------------- 5.2. Kerala-kshiti-ratnamala - Historical details from Mahatmyas and Prashastis Kerala <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/kerala#history>-kshiti <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/kshiti#history>-ratnamala] Keralaksiti-ratnamala by *anonymous authorship*, deals mainly with the vyvaharas and administration as current in Kerala. It is supposed to be written in 17th century AD. {VIRTUALLY KERALA HISTORY IS AVAILABLE AUTHENTICALLY ONLY ON AND FROM 800 AD ONWARDS ONLY}} This work describes the origin of Kerala as follows. मुग्धेन्दुकुडसदानं गोकर्णाख्यमनुत्तमम् समुद्रदुद्धृतं यवद्रमेणा भृगुसुनुना उत्भूतं केरलं तवत् परवरदापरतः ब्राह्मणभ्यो दादौ रमो विप्रस्तत्केरलधिपाः | एतस्माद राज्यभारणे केरलक्षितिपुङ्गव सस्त्रिनः पुरुषः श्रेष्ठः ते कुर्वन्त्याधिकारिणः केरले भूभुजस्तेष्युर्विप्रैर्नीयमित नृपः न करग्रहिणस्ते वै प्राजनं परिपालकः | कस्मिर्स्वान्तिकोलादि रष्ट्रेभ्यः क्षत्रियः द्विजः अनिय मातृवंस्य तं कृत्वा कुर्वन्ति भूमिपां एवञ्च बहवः प्राप्तान् भूपालः केरले पुरः तैर्दत्तक्षीतयस्कपि राजनस्सन्ति केचन | कार्तस्वरस्य निधिसम्मितरोचिषो यत् भगं पणं धृतिमितां प्रवदन्ति सन्तः | नुनातिरिक्तमितये बहवः पनस्युस्ते तत्तत्र विहितखिलकार्यससस्तः || परराभिषिक्तनृपतिर्नाहि केरलेषु तत्रक्षतर्पणमुदिरीतमवे सद्भिः *mugdhenducUḍasadanaṃ gokarṇakhyamanuttamaṃ* *samudraduddhṛtaṃ yavadrameṇa bhṛgusununa* *utbhutaṃ **keralaṃ* <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/kerala#history>* tavat paravaradaparataḥ* *brahmaṇebhyo dadau ramo viprastatkeraladhipāḥ |* The work point out another factor that the Brahmins <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/brahmin#history> give the land authorship to the kings <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/king#history> (or ksatriyas <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/kshatriya#history>) and then they are the rulers and owners of Kerala land— *etasmad rajyabharaṇe keralakṣitipuṅgava* *sastriṇaḥ puruṣan sreṣṭhan te kurvantyadhikariṇaḥ* *kerale bhubhujastesyurviprairniyamita nṛpaḥ* *na karagrahiṇaste vai prajanaṃ paripalakaḥ |* The poem <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/poem#history> give an account <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/account#history> of the rulers of Kerala as follows. *kasmirsvanticoladi raṣṭrebhyaḥ **kṣatriyaṃ* <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/kshatriya#history>* dvijāḥ* *aniya matṛvaṃsya taṃ kṛtva kurvanti bhumipaṃ* *evanca bahavaḥ praptān bhupalaḥ kerale **pur* <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/pura#history>*a* *tairdattakṣitayascapi rajanassanti kecana |* About the coins poem says— *kartasvarasya* *nidhisammitarociṣo yat **bhagaṃ* <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/bhaga#history> *paṇaṃ* <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/pana#history>* dhṛtimitaṃ* *pravadanti **santaḥ* <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/santa#history> * |* *nyunatiriktamitaye bahavaḥ paṇasyuste tatra tatra vihitakhilakaryasastaḥ ||* These verses mentions the Rasi <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/rashi#history> and Pana <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/pana#history>. About the famous ceremony Ariyittuvazcha poem says that— *pararabhiṣiktnṛpatirnahi keraleṣu* *tatrakṣatarpaṇamudiritameva sadbhiḥ* The great Brahmins, by whose blessings the king <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/king#history> became the lord of kingdom, is an allusion to the Ariyittuvazcha ceremony. It is a function connected with the coronation of a Kerala chieftain. ---------------------------------------------- 5.3. Kolanrpotpatti - Historical details from Mahatmyas and Prashastis Kolanrpotpatti [*kola* <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/kola#history> *-**nripa* <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/nripa#history>*-**utpatti* <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/utpatti#history>] was composed in the form of Umamaheswara Samvada (as narrated by Siva <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/shiva#history> to Parvati <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/parvati#history>) and purported to be the eleventh chapter of Bhavisyapurana, the work deals with the genealogy of Kolattiris. It consists of eighteen and a half verses in the sloka metre. Though the account <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/account#history> given is of a legendary nature <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/nature#history> it is interesting in several respects. Supposedly a part of the Bhavisyapurana, it gives information of a prophetic nature. Thus it prophecies that in the lunar race would be born a king <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/king#history> called Sukumara krama who would be get two daughters of these senior daughter would give birth <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/birth#history> to Vikramarka and his line <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/line#history> following patrilineal mode of succession will last up to Bukkana. Of the junior lady a line of kings <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/king#history> following the matrilineal form of succession will rule over Kerala <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/kerala#history> and will be known by the name of Kolathiris. Virakeralavarma, the kolattiri king will rule the country defeating his enemies with the assistance of his cousin Vikramarka. >From that time matrilineal system will be followed by the Kolattiri. The account god on to say that Mlecchas <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/mleccha#history> and Hunas <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/huna#history> will attack their kingdom and that the Kolattiris will have to give tribute money <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/money#history> and taxes to the adventurers. The narration claims that the kolathiri line will last up to 30,000 years of the Kali <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/kali#history> age. Unlike the other accounts <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/account#history> on Kolattiris, the present contains no illusion to the exploits of Udayavarman. Their connection with Ceraman Perumal also is not referred to. Thus, it differs much from other traditional sources like Keralotpatti. This is perhaps, due to the short size of the work the authors interest being limited to bringing out the antiquity of the royal family <https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/family#history>. K Rajaram IRS 5824 6824 to be contd -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/CAL5XZooZLrSU_s11KZ9OgBt%2Bw0%3D_VqRbn3BSgLn471%2B%3DjAgJoA%40mail.gmail.com.
