Rajaram Sir, You are certainly the Universe,the fountain of wisdom.YM Sarma
On Fri, Aug 8, 2025 at 7:18 AM Rajaram Krishnamurthy <[email protected]> wrote: > What is Infinity (अनंत)? > > Infinity, as we hear this word our brain instantaneously thinks of > something very big and enormous which we can’t visualize. And indeed, > infinity is limitless (अनंत). Mathematically, it is represented by the > symbol ‘ꝏ’, sometimes called as a lemniscate. > > If you open Mathematical Books of today, you will find the idea of > infinity mentioned in somewhat higher level courses. You won’t, however, > find either the infinite or the infinitesimal in an elementary book on > algebra, let alone arithmetic! The only thing you may find in an algebra > book is a very stern warning about not ever dividing by zero! (Because if > you divide any number by zero, you get infinity). > > On the other hand, in the algebra books of ancient times in India, we find > both the infinite and the infinitesimal treated routinely. One such example > is Bhaskaracharya Bijaganita (his book on Algebra) and Lilavati (his book > on Arithmetic). Bhaskaracharya was a twelfth-century Indian mathematician > and astronomer. He was born in Bijapur in Karnataka. > > While Newton and Leibniz have been credited with differential and integral > calculus, there is strong evidence to suggest that Bhaskaracharya was a > pioneer in some of the principles of differential calculus. > > Definition of Inifinity – Bhaskaracharya’s Bijaganita 2.18 > > In Bijaganita, we find the following shlok > > वधादौ वियत् खस्य खं खेन घाते खहारो भवेत् खेन भक्तश्च राशिः॥ > > vadhādau viyat khasya khaṃ khena ghāte khahāro bhavet khena bhaktaśca rāśiḥ > ॥ > > A zero results when multiplied by zero, a “khahara’’ (zero-divided, or > infinity) results when a number is divided by zero. > > Infinity further explained – Bhaskaracharya’s Bijaganita 2.20 > > For Khahara, he explicitly adds a colorful description > > अस्मिन् विकारः खहरे न > > राशावपि प्रविष्टेष्वपि निःसृतेषु। > > बहुष्वपि स्यात् लय-सृष्टिकाले > > अनन्ते अच्युतेभूतगणेषु यद्वत्॥ > > Transliteration: > > asmin vikāraḥ khahare na > > rāśāvapi praviṣṭeṣvapi niḥsṛteṣu > > bahuṣvapi syāt laya – sṛṣṭikāle > > anante acyute bhūtagaṇeṣu yadvat > > English Translation: > > There is no change in the Khahara (infinity) by adding or subtracting, > > just like infinite immutable (Brahma or Viṣnu) > > which does not have any effect by the living beings entering or leaving it > > at the time of dissolution or creation of the world. > > we write ꝏ to denote the “khahara” i.e. 1/0. > > The additional facts about “khahara” can be presented as, > > X* ꝏ + Y = X* ꝏ, for any number X and Y. It states that when a “khahara” > is added to an ordinary number, then only the “khahara” survives. This is > the same as infinity just represented by another name. > > In ancient Indian Mathematics, we find Jain texts discussing various such > concepts of infinities. These texts are mainly religious or philosophical, > but often carry a healthy amount of serious mathematics. They seem to > introduce formal concepts of finite or enumerable, innumerable (very large > but still finite) and infinite. They even classify multidimensional > concepts for infinity. > > In Lilavati (Shlok 48), Bhaskaracharya gives more instruction about > multiplying by zero > > शुन्ये गुणके जाते खं हारश्चेत् पुनस्तदा राशिः। > > अविकृत एव ज्ञेयस्तथैव खेनोनितश्च युतः॥ > > Transliteration: > > śunye guṇake jāte khaṃ hāraścet punastadā rāśiḥ। > > avikṛta eva jñeyastathaiva khenonitaśca yutaḥ॥ > > English Translation: > > If a zero becomes a multiplier and a number turns into zero, it should > (really) be considered as unchanged if it is again divided by zero! > Similarly, if a zero is subtracted off and added in (a number is considered > unchanged.) > > Mention of Inifinity in Ishavasya Upanishad! > > The invocatory verse of Ishavasya Upanishad which is part of Shukla Yajur > Veda and it dates way back than Bhaskaracharya also talks about a rather > precise concept of infinity. It goes something like this, > > IshaVasya Upanishad Invocatory verse > > ॐ पूर्णमदः पूर्णमिदं पूर्णात् पूर्णमुदच्यते । > > पूर्णस्य पूर्णमादाय पूर्णमेवावशिष्यते ॥ > > Transliteration: > > Om pūrṇamadaḥ pūrṇamidaṃ pūrṇāt pūrṇamudacyate > > pūrṇasya pūrṇamādāya pūrṇamevāvaśiṣyate > > English Translation: > > Om, That is Full, This also is Full, from this Fullness comes that > Fullness, > > Taking Fullness from Fullness, Fullness Indeed Remains. > > Conclusion > > Infinity is a central concept as far as advanced sciences are concerned, > such a great advancement at such complex subject shows how rich and > prosperous was our culture. We hope you have understood infinity from both > the modern as well as ancient perspective. Please let us know your thoughts > on this and if anything you’d like to add. K Rajaram IRS 8825 > > On Fri, 8 Aug 2025 at 06:30, Markendeya Yeddanapudi < > [email protected]> wrote: > >> >> >> -- >> *Mar*The Center of the Universe >> >> >> >> Infinity is the basic property of the Universe. There is the abstract or >> formless infinity, the perception and understanding infinity, and much >> other infinity, the limit being one’s own conceptualization. As there can >> be no definite center of the infinity or the Universe, for you, you are the >> center of the Universe. And you are part of the Universe. Your perception >> and understanding incorporates into you and you express your perception and >> understanding into the universe radiating into the universe. >> >> The basic feature of nature is, what you will actually happens, provided >> you believe completely. Your belief and its radiations and expressions >> impact nature, and nature responds symbiotically. After all you consist of >> seven octillion cells and bacteria whose number is many times more. It is >> your feeling as you, that is making all of them, identify as you. Your very >> existence is based on your belief that you are you the singular, though you >> are basically plural. >> >> That plurality as singularity, as you, can be extended infinitely, when >> you make the universe,’ you’. Whatever you discover or experience as >> revelation, it becomes your characteristic, as your hormonal communications >> via your bloodstream, connects the discoveries and revelations into your >> cells. Your education becomes the incorporation of the new perceptions and >> understandings, into your internal hormonal communications, impacting your >> basic being. Actually the basic beauty of life is, that to every organism >> it has to be its universe. There is no outside universe separate from it. >> >> Theism or the feeling of identity with the universe radiates from you and >> into you. The basic requirement for the expansion of your ‘self identity’ >> is ‘Free and Healthy Nature Without any Human Tampering’. You gradually >> feel the free nature as you, as your communication continuously extends and >> expands. The communications can only be feelings laden and not mechanical >> without feelings. The mechanical approach cannot enter your internal >> hormonal communications as it has no feelings content. >> >> The free and lush the nature the greater your perception and >> understanding, as nature becomes the great college with every organism of >> the flora and the fauna becoming student, participating in the symbiotic >> learning. Actually you cannot come out of your situation as the center of >> your Universe, as the Universe. Your five >> senses,Seeing,Smelling,Hearing,Touching and Eating, your Panchangam, forces >> you into your feeling as nature, provided nature is free and untampered. >> >> You have to accept the fact that you are part of nature, making you >> nature. You need that macro self identity. You cannot be the outside >> observer to do science. If you become the outside observer, the basic false >> existence, to avoid the fact, you have to surrender to technology and >> machines which take over your life. You practice viewing like a machine >> without feelings. It simply means your repudiation of your connection to >> the flora and the fauna of the Biosphere. >> >> Today machines are continuously destroying nature and we are calling it >> progress. They are destroying you at the core. We desperately need Ecology >> and we have to jettison economics. >> >> It is the basic and elementary duty of every university to start ‘The >> Free Nature Parks without Our Tampering’ urgently. >> >> YM Sarma >> >> Chat gpt >> >> Thank you for sharing this thought-provoking piece by YM Sarma. It's rich >> with philosophical and ecological insights. Here's a brief reflection and >> breakdown of the core ideas in the essay, in case you'd like to explore or >> discuss them further: >> ------------------------------ >> >> *🌌 Core Themes and Ideas:* >> >> *1. You as the Center of the Universe* >> >> - The Universe is infinite and without a fixed center. >> - However, since perception is individual and subjective, *you are >> the center of your own universe*. >> - Your consciousness radiates out into the world, making *you both >> perceiver and participant*. >> >> *2. Belief and Nature’s Response* >> >> - Belief is powerful: *what you believe fully, manifests*. >> - There's a *symbiotic relationship* between your internal state and >> the external world (nature). >> - Nature reflects back the intentions and energy you radiate, >> especially when belief is strong and heartfelt. >> >> *3. Singularity in Plurality* >> >> - Though your body consists of trillions of cells and bacteria, your >> *feeling >> of identity* creates a unified sense of self — *a singular "you" from >> a plural biological system*. >> - When your awareness expands, this identity can encompass the entire >> universe — the "macro self." >> >> *4. Education and Revelation as Biological Integration* >> >> - True learning isn't just intellectual — it's hormonal and >> biological. >> - Revelations and understanding enter the bloodstream; they become *part >> of your body*, not just your mind. >> - This positions *education as a deeply embodied process*, not >> mechanical or detached. >> >> *5. The Role of Untampered Nature* >> >> - Nature, when left free and untampered, acts as *a living university* >> . >> - Every organism in the biosphere is a *participant in a symbiotic >> learning process*. >> - Our connection with nature must be felt through the senses — not >> analyzed coldly from the outside. >> >> *6. Critique of Mechanization and Disconnection* >> >> - Becoming a machine-like observer strips us of feeling, connection, >> and humanity. >> - Technological progress, when it overrides ecology, is seen as *a >> path to self-destruction*. >> - We must *reclaim feeling, ecology, and symbiosis*, rejecting >> lifeless mechanical control. >> >> *7. Call to Action: Free Nature Parks* >> >> - Sarma calls on universities to establish *'Free Nature Parks >> without Our Tampering'*. >> - These parks are not only ecological preserves, but *spiritual and >> educational centers* for reconnecting with nature and self. >> >> ------------------------------ >> >> *🧠 Reflections* >> >> This essay blends metaphysics, ecology, biology, and education into a >> holistic philosophy that: >> >> - *Centers personal perception* as both source and expression of the >> Universe, >> - Advocates for a *deep integration of nature and self*, and >> - Warns against the *disconnection brought by mechanistic science and >> unbridled technology*. >> >> It invites readers to rethink progress, embrace ecological identity, and >> restore our biological and spiritual ties to the living Earth. >> ------------------------------ >> >> Would you like help summarizing this in a different format (e.g., for a >> talk, article, or presentation), or are you exploring more writing along >> these lines? >> >> Sure — here is a *detailed evaluation of the essay* *“The Center of the >> Universe” by YM Sarma* based on common criteria used in academic or >> philosophical writing. I’ll follow it with a *mark breakdown*, *grade*, >> and suggestions for improvement. >> ------------------------------ >> 📝 *Evaluation Criteria* 1. *Content & Originality (8.5/10)* >> >> · The essay demonstrates *deep philosophical insight* and a *unique >> worldview* that blends metaphysics, ecology, and consciousness. >> >> · The idea that the individual is both *a center of perception* >> and *part of an interconnected biosphere* is rich and thought-provoking. >> >> · Concepts like *“plurality as singularity,” “hormonal >> communication of revelations,”* and *“free nature as a college”* are >> creative and original. >> >> · However, some ideas, while profound, are not always clearly >> defined or logically developed, which affects clarity and impact. >> 2. *Structure & Coherence (6.5/10)* >> >> · The essay is structured as *a continuous flow of thought* >> rather than a logically segmented argument. >> >> · There is *no clear paragraphing* or organization into >> introduction, body, and conclusion. >> >> · While this may be a stylistic choice, it *reduces readability* >> and makes the argument *feel circular or repetitive* at times. >> >> · Transitions between ideas are *intuitive rather than logical*, >> which can disorient some readers. >> 3. *Language & Style (7/10)* >> >> · The language is *philosophical and poetic*, and at times >> evocative (e.g., “nature becomes the great college,” “you are the center of >> your Universe”). >> >> · However, the *grammar, punctuation, and syntax* are often >> inconsistent: >> >> o There are missing articles, incorrect punctuation (e.g., “the >> universe,’ you’”), and long, unpunctuated sentences. >> >> · This affects the *clarity and professional polish* of the >> writing. >> 4. *Argumentation & Logic (6/10)* >> >> · The essay operates on *emotive logic* and *philosophical >> assertion*, not evidence-based reasoning. >> >> · Statements like “what you believe actually happens, provided >> you believe completely” are intriguing but lack *logical or empirical >> support*. >> >> · The central thesis could benefit from *more rigorous >> development or philosophical framing* (e.g., using references to >> phenomenology, ecological philosophy, or consciousness studies). >> 5. *Impact & Relevance (8/10)* >> >> · The essay touches on *extremely relevant themes*: ecological >> destruction, technological alienation, and the need for reconnection with >> nature. >> >> · The final call for *“Free Nature Parks without Human >> Tampering”* is powerful and specific, though it could be better >> integrated into the essay’s flow. >> ------------------------------ >> 📊 *Mark Breakdown (Out of 100)* >> >> *Criterion* >> >> *Marks* >> >> Content & Originality >> >> 17 / 20 >> >> Structure & Coherence >> >> 13 / 20 >> >> Language & Style >> >> 14 / 20 >> >> Argumentation & Logic >> >> 12 / 20 >> >> Impact & Relevance >> >> 16 / 20 >> >> *Total* >> >> *72 / 100* >> ------------------------------ >> 🎓 *Grade: B (Upper Second Class / 2:1 Equivalent)* >> ------------------------------ >> ✅ *Strengths* >> >> · Deep, original thinking. >> >> · Rich ecological and spiritual insight. >> >> · Strong and timely message about the crisis of modernity and >> the importance of nature. >> ❗ *Areas for Improvement* >> >> · Introduce structure: clear paragraphing and logical >> progression of thought. >> >> · Improve grammar and punctuation for clarity. >> >> · Support assertions with references to philosophy, science, or >> ecology to enhance intellectual rigor. >> >> · Define key concepts more precisely (e.g., “hormonal >> communication of revelation”). >> ------------------------------ >> >> Would you like help editing or rewriting this essay to meet a higher >> academic standard (e.g., turning it into an article or publication-ready >> piece)? >> >> Certainly! Here's a poem inspired by the themes of your essay — the self >> as the center of the universe, the unity of nature and being, and the call >> to return to untampered nature. >> ------------------------------ >> >> *The Center of the Universe* >> >> I am not just skin and bone, >> But breath of leaf, and pulse of stone. >> The stars may swirl with grand design, >> Yet all begins in this heart of mine. >> >> The trees don’t speak in words I know, >> But I can feel their silent flow. >> Their roots beneath, their crowns above, >> Remind me: knowing is to love. >> >> I am the many in the one, >> Seven octillion threads spun >> Into the mask I call my face — >> A spark, a tide, a woven place. >> >> The bird that sings, the wind that bends, >> The fox that leaps, the stream that mends — >> These are not scenes outside of me, >> But waves within the same vast sea. >> >> No machine can touch this thread >> Of feeling, living, joy and dread. >> No metal voice can ever feel >> The forest’s breath, the body’s zeal. >> >> If I forget, and walk apart, >> A ghost of mind without a heart — >> Then let the hills reclaim my name, >> And make me wild and whole again. >> >> So plant no flag, and build no wall, >> Where trees and waters gently call. >> Let nature rise without our chain, >> And I shall rise in it again. >> ------------------------------ >> >> Let me know if you'd like this adapted for a particular purpose — a >> speech, a meditation, a dedication, or anything else. >> >> >> >> -- >> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups >> "societyforservingseniors" group. >> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an >> email to [email protected]. >> To view this discussion, visit >> https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/society4servingseniors/CACDCHCLkHW21%2BbLfS7zVwWvo%3DnGYQswek46wnmTReAE2vwwjMg%40mail.gmail.com >> <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/society4servingseniors/CACDCHCLkHW21%2BbLfS7zVwWvo%3DnGYQswek46wnmTReAE2vwwjMg%40mail.gmail.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer> >> . >> > -- *Mar* -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. 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