Hi Bill, et al,
I’ve always thought that backsites didn’t need specific handling as effectively 
they form a small loop so would be handled by the loop averaging. 

I don’t often do backsites, and get reasonable accuracy without (as good as 
0.5%, depending on conditions). But when I do I always do a full reading, 
indeed it would be hard not to with a DistoX-PDA “total station” as all the 
data is collected automatically. In fact for this setup, there is no way to 
mark a backsite as a backsite (or if there is, I’ve never used it!) and instead 
Toporobot just generates a new station for the backsite. I then manually 
“equate” these in the .th file, creating a loop, together with any actual 
loops. I usually do this after compiling the survey for the first time, as it’s 
fun to see on the 3d how close any two measured stations appear, and hence get 
a visual feel for the accuracy and where potential blunders might (eg 
mislabelling a station)

But now I’m wondering how Survex handles all these loops because if every leg 
has a backsite, then the number of loops increases, crumbs, very quickly.

Hmm, I can't even begin to work out how to count that mathematically. It’s very 
much smaller than nCr because the loops can only be made up of adjacent legs, 
eg for 5 legs, the loops generated between any three are only 1-2-3, 2-3-4, and 
3-4-5; nCr also counts 1-2-4, 1-2-5, etc, which are not loops. So while nCr 
quickly becomes uncomputable for even modest sizes of n, I don’t know if the 
number of loops also becomes uncomputable?

What does Survex actually do for all these loops?
Best regards
Ben

Sent from my iPhone

> On 25 Dec 2021, at 14:51, Bill Gee <[email protected]> wrote:
> 
> Hello everyone - 
> 
> I have a holiday question for the group.  We have for years done our survey 
> shots both directions, obtaining a forward and backward reading for both 
> compass and inclinometer.  The two readings are averaged by Survex and 
> Therion in an effort to reduce errors.  The tape reading, however, has only 
> been a single number.
> 
> Now that the use of DistoX2 devices is becoming common, it is easy to get a 
> distance measurement both forward and backward.  I have been ignoring the 
> backward distance reading in the field.  It does not get into my notes.  I 
> might need to change that practice.
> 
> I looked at the Survex manual yesterday and see that it supports both TAPE 
> and BACKTAPE (also called LENGTH and BACKLENGTH) in the survey data.  That 
> brings up two questions:
> 
> 1) Does Therion also recognize the BACKTAPE data type?
> 
> 2) What does Survex do if both TAPE and BACKTAPE are given?  Does it average 
> the two readings?  Does Therion do the same thing?
> 
> I understand that Therion will use Survex to reduce the centerline data - if 
> Survex is installed.  In case Survex is NOT installed, then Therion reduces 
> the centerline itself.  As a result they might handle this situation 
> differently.
> 
> As I write this, another related question occurred to me.  When either 
> Therion or Survex averages a forward and backward reading, how many 
> significant digits does it carry in the calculation?  Can the significant 
> digits be changed?
> 
> And the same question applies to loop closure calculations.  How many 
> significant digits are carried through the calculations?
> 
> Thanks!
> ========
> Bill Gee
> 
> 
> 
> 
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