> So it's just a matter of averaging what you can measure
> and assuming that the average will be close?

Two quick comments.

1) A gradual phase drift over time is identical (by definition) to a frequency 
offset.

2) In general, "averaging" a moving target gets you *less* accuracy, not more.

We learned in school that averaging enhances accuracy. This is true in textbook 
cases where the mean is constant and where the distribution of error about the 
mean is symmetrical.

But when working with clocks (time, frequency, stability measurements) this 
assumption often not true and it's helpful to think of averaging more as a 
disease than a cure.

/tvb


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