In 1987, mounting concern on global quality issues led the International 
Organization for Standardization, or ISO, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, 
to establish a series of international quality standards. Called the ISO 9000 
Series of Standards, the series is not specific to any one industry, but when 
used with proper industry-specific standards, helps build a strong foundation 
for a quality system. The idea behind ISO is to promote standardization which 
will facilitate the international exchange of goods and services.

Currently, ISO 9000 certification (http://www.iso9001store.com) is voluntary 
and not required or mandated in any country. However, the European community 
has recently required that quality systems of many suppliers of products 
related to health, safety, and the environment be formally registered, by a 
third party, according to the ISO 9000 Series standard (http://www.e-wia.com). 
This action has made adoption of the ISO standards 
(http://www.iso9000-software.com) a prerequisite for doing business in Europe. 
Countries in Asia, Africa, and South America are more and more considering 
adoption of these standards as a means to increased trade among themselves and 
the United States. Over 20,000 companies have been registered worldwide, and at 
least 52 nations are implementing the standards.

In the U.S., the ISO 9000 Series of Standards was adopted in precise format as 
the ANSI/ASQC Q90 series of standards. The series comprises five individual, 
but related, international standards on quality management 
(http://www.iso-consults.com) and quality assurance, known as ISO 9000, 9001, 
9002, 9003, and 9004. For a company's quality system to become registered in 
one or more of these standards involves having an accredited, independent third 
party conduct an audit of the company's operations against the requirements of 
the ISO 9000 standards (http://www.iso9001store.com). Upon successful 
completion of this audit, the company will receive a registration certificate 
that identifies its quality system as being in compliance with ISO 9000 
standards (http://www.iso9001store.com).




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