The great daily CBC radio news programme "As It Happens" (also carried on 
NPR in the US) carried an item recently (on the same broadcast where they 
interviewed Robin's husband on the Ig Nobels) on the closing of the 
Weyburn, Saskatchewan mental hospital.

Who cares, you say? Well, as AIH pointed out, the hospital has a 
distinguished history in psychology and psychiatry.  The controversial 
psychiatrist Humphrey Osmond was at Weyburn where he pursued some of the 
first experiments with the hallucinogenics mescaline and LSD on mental 
patients, coined the term "psychedelic", and supplied Aldous Huxley with 
some (the result was Huxley's famous "The Doors of Perception").  

An interesting obituary of Osmond, who died in 2004 (Wikipedia has it 
wrong, by the way, with its date of 2008) was published in the British 
Medical Journal (http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/328/7441/713).

There's also a NY Times obit at http://tinyurl.com/4w5wjt which has this 
charming anecdote about the origin of the term:

Huxley had sent Dr. Osmond a rhyme with his own word choice: ''To make 
this trivial world sublime, take half a gram of phanerothyme.'' (Thymos 
means soul in Greek.) 

Rejecting that, Dr. Osmond replied: ''To fathom Hell or soar angelic, 
just take a pinch of psychedelic.'' 

AIH had it right on Osmond at the Weyburn. What they didn't add was that 
the famous pioneer in applied behaviour analysis (operant conditioning), 
Theodoro Allyon, also carried out his first studies at the Weyburn. These 
eventually led to his development of the token economy (at Anna State, 
however).

See Ayllon, T., and Haughton, E. (1962). Control of the behavior of 
schizophrenic patients by food. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of 
Behavior, 5, 343-352. Available on-line at.  http://tinyurl.com/3mzvrk

 One of his memorable studies, if unethical by present standards, was his 
operant conditioning of broom-carrying behaviour by a schizophrenic 
patient at the hospital. He then called in the psychodynamic 
psychiatrists (they all were, in those days) to "interpret" the symptom, 
which they did with imagination and enthusiasm. He revealed his hoax in 
print (Ayllon, T. and Haughton, E. (1965). Interpretation of symptoms: 
fact or fiction? Behavior Research and Therapy, 3, 1-7.)

Curiously, I can't find any news reports (other than AIH) that say the 
Weyburn is to be demolished, just this one saying it's under 
consideration:
http://www.cbc.ca/canada/saskatchewan/story/2008/08/05/weyburn-
hospital.html or http://tinyurl.com/3mzvrk

The Weyburn frist for psychedlics and operant conditioning too. Not bad 
for an obscure hospital somewhere out on the prairies. R.I.P.

See more pics of the hospital at
http://www.saskurbex.prairiepast.com/main/weyburn/weyburn.htm with some 
non-professional notes on this history. 

Stephen
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Stephen L. Black, Ph.D.          
Professor of Psychology, Emeritus   
Bishop's University      e-mail:  [EMAIL PROTECTED]
2600 College St.
Sherbrooke QC  J1M 1Z7
Canada

Subscribe to discussion list (TIPS) for the teaching of
psychology at http://flightline.highline.edu/sfrantz/tips/
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

---
To make changes to your subscription contact:

Bill Southerly ([EMAIL PROTECTED])

Reply via email to