In many cases, negative reinforcement develops into avoidance. It is negative reinforcement as the person learns that performing the behavior turns off the aversive stimulus. Eventually the behavior allows the stimulus to be avoided totally and the aversive stimulus may never occur again.
Rick Dr. Rick Froman, Chair Division of Humanities and Social Sciences John Brown University Siloam Springs, AR 72761 [EMAIL PROTECTED] ________________________________________ From: Paul Brandon [EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, November 19, 2008 7:37 PM To: Teaching in the Psychological Sciences (TIPS) Subject: Re: [tips] Interesting example of negative reinforcement Best to first define the behavior being observed: in this case it is WRITING. The contingency is IF writing continues THEN the aversive stimulus does not occur. Looks like a classic instance of Sidman (nonsignalled) avoidance behavior (negative reinforcement) to me. On Nov 19, 2008, at 7:01 PM, Tarner, Prof. Nina L. wrote: > Hi Rick, > > But it isn't the aversive stimulus that is occurring first. The > person is writing first and then when they stop the aversive > stimulus occurs. So, in order to stop the aversion stimuli the > person decrease the likelihood of stopping writing (not sure that > is proper grammar) again. > > As a researcher in learning and behavior, I always actually > believed that you could talk yourself into all four (positive and > negative reinforcement and punishment) with any situation. You > become creative but it works. But with this example I am looking at > it as what is occurring normally and then what occurs as a result > of change in that behavior. > > Nina > > -----Original Message----- > From: Rick Froman [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] > Sent: Wednesday, November 19, 2008 7:31 PM > To: Teaching in the Psychological Sciences (TIPS) > Subject: RE: [tips] Interesting example of negative reinforcement > > I believe the increased behavior is the number of words written > (reinforcement). That seems to be more parsimonious than decreasing > the likelihood of not stopping writing. Is that a double negative > or a triple negative? I lost count. :) If writing turns off the > aversive stimulus and it leads to an increase in writing behavior, > then it is negative reinforcement. > > Rick > > Dr. Rick Froman, Chair > Division of Humanities and Social Sciences John Brown University > Siloam Springs, AR 72761 [EMAIL PROTECTED] > ________________________________________ > From: Tarner, Prof. Nina L. [EMAIL PROTECTED] > Sent: Wednesday, November 19, 2008 6:19 PM > To: Teaching in the Psychological Sciences (TIPS) > Subject: RE: [tips] Interesting example of negative reinforcement > > Hi Michael, > > This sounds more like negative or positive punishment. Either they > are "given" (the positive part) bad music to "decrease" the > likelihood they will not stop writing again OR they are "taking > away" (the negative part) the written words, again to decrease the > likelihood the will stop writing again. > > I don't get the reinforcement part. Reinforcement increase the > likelihood that a behavior will occur again and therefore they > would be increasing the likelihood that the person would again stop > writing. Doesn't make sense. > > Nina > ----------------------------------------------------------------- > A friend of mine is participating in the annual National Novel > Writer's Month, in which participants try to write 50,000 words by > the end of November. > > There's a neat little online application called "Write or Die" > which uses a little negative reinforcement to keep writer's > writing. Basically you choose how many words you're going to write > and within how much time you'll write them (say 100 words within 10 > minutes) and then after you click "Write!" you get a blank page to > start writing. Depending on some other options which you select, > the site will start annoying you by playing really bad music if you > stop writing. Set it on "evil" and it will start to erase the > words you've already written if you don't keep writing! > > I thought it might be fun to show students the site and see if they > can guess what reinforcement principle is at work. Here's the link > to Write or Die: > > http://lab.drwicked.com/writeordie.html > > Michael > > -- > Michael Britt, Ph.D. > Host of The Psych Files > http://www.thepsychfiles.com > [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > > --- > To make changes to your subscription contact: > > Bill Southerly ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) > > --- > To make changes to your subscription contact: > > Bill Southerly ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) > > --- > To make changes to your subscription contact: > > Bill Southerly ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) > > --- > To make changes to your subscription contact: > > Bill Southerly ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) Paul Brandon Emeritus Professor of Psychology Minnesota State University, Mankato [EMAIL PROTECTED] --- To make changes to your subscription contact: Bill Southerly ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) --- To make changes to your subscription contact: Bill Southerly ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
