The term "one-shot case study" comes from Campbell & Stanley, the granddaddy of all sources for quasi-experimental designs. It is referred to by a variety of names in other sources (some methods texts call it an "after only" design). Campbell & Stanely present this design mainly to provide an example of a design that is vulnerable to nearly every threat to validity outlined in this classic work. Claudia Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1966). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research. Chicago: Rand McNally. (Originally published in 1963 in N. L. Gage (Ed.), Handbook of research on teaching. Chicago: Rand McNally.) ________________________________________________________ Claudia J. Stanny, Ph.D. e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Department of Psychology Phone: (850) 474 - 3163 University of West Florida FAX: (850) 857 - 6060 Pensacola, FL 32514 - 5751 Web: http://www.uwf.edu/~psych/stanny.html