I'm not an expert on road rage, by any means. But I'd point those interested to a neat little book by sociologist Barry Glassner called "Culture of Fear: Why Americans are Afraid of the Wrong Things" (not to be confused with the also interesting book by Frank Furedi, "Culture of Fear: Risk- Taking and the Morality of Low Expectation"). Much of Glassner's book focuses on the ways in which Americans' beliefs, fears, and policy decisions are misguided as a result of media influence (psychological concepts like availablility and representativeness loom large here). That is, the "if it bleeds it leads" mentality of the media (particularly local TV news) leads us to believe that some crimes, accidents, diseases, etc., are much more common than they really are (see also Stanovich's "How To Think Straight About Psychology"). Road rage comes up as a prime example in Glassner's Chapter 1. According to Glassner, incidents of road rage in this country are extremely rare (at least, insofar as road rage is defined by highway deaths or other overtly violent incidents). For example, Glassner cites a report that of 250,000 people killed on U.S. roads from 1990 to 1997, only 218 (.087%) of those deaths were attributed to angry drivers by the AAA. And, of 20 million injured motorists during that period, less than 1 percent of those injuries were attributed to aggressive driving. Meanwhile, the folks at MADD can't get as much press, and they're fighting the REAL menaces on the road. I think that one could argue that road rage as violent behavior may be a different animal than road rage as increased blood pressure and discourtesy...I'll let someone more knowledgeable make that case. (But, given the tremendous number of TIPS messages posted every year, and the extremely small number of discourteous/flaming posts, perhaps there IS a parallel here?) -Mike ***************************************************** Michael J. Kane Psychology Department Georgia State University University Plaza Atlanta, GA 30303-3083 phone: 404-651-0704 fax: 404-651-0753 email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] "It is morally as bad not to care whether a thing is true or not, so long as it makes you feel good, as it is not to care how you got your money as long as you have it." -- E.W. Teale