On 24 Feb 2010 at 1:01, Allen Esterson wrote:

> I'm up to my neck in preparing an article, so can't rise to Stephen's 
> bait 

I'm wounded by this. I had intended not a bait but a de-bate.  :-)

>Allen then said, "I'll respond to one remark of Louis Menand's:

"For some disorders, such as depression, we may never know, 
in any useful way, what the underlying pathology is, since we 
can“t distinguish biologically patients who are suffering from 
depression from patients who are enduring a depressing life 
problem."  

Allen then commented:

"It may or many not turn our to be relevant, but I'm reminded of 
a comment by a scientist in the nineteenth century (anyone 
recall who it was?) who gave as an example of scientific facts 
we could never know -- the constitution of the stars. This was 
shortly before the discoveries of Fraunhofer and Kirchhoff 
enabled scientists to achieve that feat using spectroscopy. " 

I helpfully reply:

I believe it was the philosopher Auguste Comte, who is quoted 
as saying (Cours de la Philosophie Positive (1835), which I read 
every night before bedtime):

 "On the subject of stars, all investigations which are not 
ultimately reducible to simple visual observations are ... 
necessarily denied to us. While we can conceive of the 
possibility of determining their shapes, their sizes, and their 
motions, we shall never be able by any means to study their 
chemical composition or their mineralogical structure ...  I regard 
any notion concerning the true mean temperature of the various 
stars as forever denied to us. 

Comte inflicted sociology on us too. 

See http://www.astro.virginia.edu/class/oconnell/astr121/comte.html
[Wikiquote gives a somewhat different quote and a different 
source, but the sentiment is similar. Perhaps he said it more 
than once.]

Of course, Menard did cautiously say " _may_  never know". 
Comte would have been advised to have done the same.

Stephen


-----------------------------------------------------------------
Stephen L. Black, Ph.D.          
Professor of Psychology, Emeritus   
Bishop's University               
 e-mail:  sblack at ubishops.ca
2600 College St.
Sherbrooke QC  J1M 1Z7
Canada
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