In response to my post "Learning Outcomes: Face-to-Face vs Online #7," Fred Nickols (2011), in his post TrDev-L post of 11 Jan 2011 07:32:50-0700 wrote [my insert at ". . . . .[[insert]]. . . . ":
"From where I sit, the emphasis on learning outcomes stems from Robert F. Mager's. . . . [[< http://bit.ly/hJkNKO >. . . .]] 1961 book "Preparing Instructional Objectives". . . . . Mager's work was preceded by Ralph W. Tyler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [[< http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_W._Tyler >. . . . ]] at OSU. Tyler concluded that objectives were central to success in education. Although Mager's work has probably been more influential in the world of training, it also made a big dent in education back in the 1960s. The SMART acronym came along later. " As former chair of Indiana University's ACROnym Committee (ACROC - pronounced "A Crock", I blush to admit that I'm uncertain about Nickols' intended meaning for SMART. The Acronym Finder <http://www.acronymfinder.com/> gives 119 meanings for SMART at <http://www.acronymfinder.com/SMART.html>. I assume that for Nickols SMART = Southeast Michigan Astrologers' Round Table ;-), but other meanings may have been intended, e.g.: Science, Mathematics and Research for Transformation Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Timely Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-Bound Simulation and Modeling for Acquisition, Requirements and Training Specific, Measurable, Actionable, Relevant, and Timely (process metrics) Soundly Made, Accountable, Reasonable, and Thrifty Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Results-oriented, Time-based Statistical methodology analysis reporting technique Simulation and Modeling Anchored in Real-World Testing Specific, Motivating, Achievable, Rewarding, and Tactical Student Managed Academic Resource Time Systems Management Analysis, Research & Test Simulation and Modeling Assistant for Research and TrainingSimple, Manageable, Achievable, Realistic, Timely Regarding Mager's work, R. John Howe (2011) in a TrDev-L post "Re: Why Move to Learning Objectives? And related historical minutiae. . . . " wrote: "Mager seemed to be dealing in his "Preparing Instructional Objectives" with general education not necessarily the work place (although some of his examples are clearly taken from jobs e.g. troubleshooting in electronics; I think "Preparing Instructional Objectives" originally arose in what is called in the U.S. the "industrial arts" part of the high school curriculum). Richard Hake, Emeritus Professor of Physics, Indiana University Honorary Member, Curmudgeon Lodge of Deventer, The Netherlands President, PEdants for Definitive Academic References which Recognize the Invention of the Internet (PEDARRII) < rrh...@earthlink.net > < http://www.physics.indiana.edu/~hake > < http://www.physics.indiana.edu/~sd > < http://HakesEdStuff.blogspot.com > <http://iub.academia.edu/RichardHake > REFERENCES Hake, R.R. 2011. "Learning Outcomes: Face-to-Face vs Online #7" online on the OPEN! AERA-L archives at < http://bit.ly/heoOmc >. Post of 10 Jan 2011 16:41:59 -0800to AERA-L and Net-Gold. The abstract and link to the complete post are being transmitted to various discussion lists are also online on my blog "Hake'sEdStuff" at < http://bit.ly/gD4olZ > with a provision for comments. Howe. J.R.. 2011. "Re: Why Move to Learning Objectives? And related historical minutiae. . . . "online on the OPEN! TrDev-L archives at < http://bit.ly/fkyVqL >. Mager, R.F. 1997. "Preparing Instructional Objectives: A Critical Tool in the Development of Effective Instruction." Third Edition, Center for Effective Performance. Amazon.com information at <http://amzn.to/gT0IJ6>, note the searchable "Look Inside" feature. Evidently copyrighted in 1962. For 17 other book by Mager see < http://bit.ly/fM9L80 >. Nickols, F. 2011. "Re: Learning Outcomes: Face-to-Face vs Online #7," online on the OPEN! TrDev-L archives at < http://bit.ly/hbXgCo >. --- You are currently subscribed to tips as: arch...@jab.org. To unsubscribe click here: http://fsulist.frostburg.edu/u?id=13090.68da6e6e5325aa33287ff385b70df5d5&n=T&l=tips&o=7868 or send a blank email to leave-7868-13090.68da6e6e5325aa33287ff385b70df...@fsulist.frostburg.edu
