Joe, > However, the Waller Flag is a dual loop that trades off signal for > pattern.
I agree. But I believe it's gain is very low mostly because it's made up of electrically very small loops. A very small loop has its main lobes in the plane of the loop - not perpendicular to the plane of the loop as in a quarter-wave-on-a-side loop in a Quad antenna. When a very small loop is mounted horizontally, there's a null in the pattern towards the ground. So even though it's mounted horizontally, it is less susceptible to the effects of the ground. > The LOG is a horizontally polarized antenna nearly on the "boundary" > where the horizontally polarized signal goes to zero. The better > the ground (higher conductivity), the worse (lower) the signal level > from the LOG (thank you Dr. Maxwell). I also agree with Dr. Maxwell. But a very small loop mounted horizontally is not like a big antenna mounted horizontally. And Nick is correct - KK5JY shows a two-loop system farther on down - it's kind of approaching a horizontal Waller Flag. Carl K9LA _________________ Topband Reflector Archives - http://www.contesting.com/_topband