Related bug report: Bug #1607845

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1698159

Title:
  linux-cloud-tools version specific packages are being removed by
  unattended-upgrade's  Remove-Unused-Dependencies

Status in apt package in Ubuntu:
  Fix Released
Status in unattended-upgrades package in Ubuntu:
  Fix Released
Status in apt source package in Trusty:
  Triaged
Status in unattended-upgrades source package in Trusty:
  New
Status in apt source package in Xenial:
  Fix Released
Status in unattended-upgrades source package in Xenial:
  Fix Committed
Status in apt source package in Bionic:
  Fix Released
Status in unattended-upgrades source package in Bionic:
  Fix Released

Bug description:
  [Impact]
  When running kernel version 4.4.0-78 (for example) and the unattended-upgrade 
packages installs a new kernel 4.4.0-79 (for example) the 
linux-cloud-tools-4.4.0-78 and linux-cloud-tools-4.4.0-78-generic packages are 
removed by the Remove-Unused-Dependencies rule, because unlike "normal" kernel 
packages they are not excluded by /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01autoremove-kernels.

  The linux-cloud-tools package has the hyper-v integration services
  daemons in it, so it's deletion leaves some of the integration not
  working.

  Could /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01autoremove-kernels be updated so other
  hyper-v users aren't caught out by this?

  Thanks,

  Ian.

  [Test case (apt)]

  Make sure that linux-cloud-tools for protected kernels are listed in
  APT::NeverAutoRemove, for example, on cosmic:

     "^linux-cloud-tools-4\.17\.0-9-generic$";
     "^linux-cloud-tools-4\.18\.0-7-generic$";

  Those are in 01autoremove-kernels

  [Test case (unattended-upgrades)]

   * Check the running kernel and install relevant cloud-tools packages:
  # uname -a
  Linux x-uu-lp-1737637 4.15.0-39-generic #42-Ubuntu SMP Tue Oct 23 15:48:01 
UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
  root@x-uu-lp-1737637:~# apt-cache search 4.15.0-39-generic
  linux-cloud-tools-4.15.0-39-generic - Linux kernel version specific cloud 
tools for version 4.15.0-39
  linux-headers-4.15.0-39-generic - Linux kernel headers for version 4.15.0 on 
64 bit x86 SMP
  linux-image-4.15.0-39-generic - Signed kernel image generic
  linux-image-unsigned-4.15.0-39-generic - Linux kernel image for version 
4.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
  linux-modules-4.15.0-39-generic - Linux kernel extra modules for version 
4.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
  linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-39-generic - Linux kernel extra modules for 
version 4.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
  # apt install linux-cloud-tools-4.15.0-39-generic
  Reading package lists... Done
  Building dependency tree       
  Reading state information... Done
  The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
    libfreetype6
  Use 'apt autoremove' to remove it.
  The following additional packages will be installed:
    linux-cloud-tools-common linux-hwe-cloud-tools-4.15.0-39
  The following NEW packages will be installed:
    linux-cloud-tools-4.15.0-39-generic linux-cloud-tools-common 
linux-hwe-cloud-tools-4.15.0-39
  0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 17 not upgraded.
  Need to get 119 kB of archives.
  After this operation, 854 kB of additional disk space will be used.
  Do you want to continue? [Y/n] 
  ...

   * Mark them autoremovable and configure u-u to autoremove unused
  packages:

  # apt-mark auto linux-cloud-tools-4.15.0-39-generic
  linux-cloud-tools-4.15.0-39-generic set to automatically installed.
  ### set Unattended-Upgrade::Remove-Unused-Dependencies "true";
  # vi /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades

   * The not fixed version of u-u removes the packages:

  # unattended-upgrade --dry-run --verbose
  ...
  All upgrades installed
  Packages that are auto removed: 'libfreetype6 
linux-cloud-tools-4.15.0-39-generic linux-cloud-tools-common 
linux-hwe-cloud-tools-4.15.0-39'
  Packages were successfully auto-removed
  # 

   * The fixed version does not:
   # unattended-upgrade --dry-run --verbose
  Initial blacklisted packages: 
  Initial whitelisted packages: 
  Starting unattended upgrades script
  Allowed origins are: o=Ubuntu,a=xenial, o=Ubuntu,a=xenial-security, 
o=UbuntuESM,a=xenial
  Removing unused kernel packages: linux-cloud-tools-common
  Keeping auto-removable linux-cloud-tools-common package(s) because it would 
also remove the following packages which should be kept in this step: 
linux-cloud-tools-4.15.0-39-generic linux-hwe-cloud-tools-4.15.0-39
  ...

  [Regression Potential]

   * some linux-cloud-tools will linger around, so it takes more space.

  [Other info]

  ProblemType: Bug
  DistroRelease: Ubuntu 16.04
  Package: unattended-upgrades 0.90ubuntu0.6
  ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 4.4.0-79.100-generic 4.4.67
  Uname: Linux 4.4.0-79-generic x86_64
  ApportVersion: 2.20.1-0ubuntu2.6
  Architecture: amd64
  Date: Thu Jun 15 15:27:35 2017
  InstallationDate: Installed on 2016-04-25 (415 days ago)
  InstallationMedia: Ubuntu-Server 16.04 LTS "Xenial Xerus" - Release amd64 
(20160420.3)
  PackageArchitecture: all
  SourcePackage: unattended-upgrades
  UpgradeStatus: No upgrade log present (probably fresh install)
  modified.conffile..etc.apt.apt.conf.d.10periodic: [modified]
  modified.conffile..etc.update-motd.d.90-updates-available: [deleted]
  modified.conffile..etc.update-motd.d.98-fsck-at-reboot: [deleted]
  modified.conffile..etc.update-motd.d.98-reboot-required: [deleted]
  mtime.conffile..etc.apt.apt.conf.d.10periodic: 2016-04-25T16:28:36.640000

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