> We are reffering to the local stub resolver

yes, i understand that, but i'm asking if you are talking about local
traffic TO the stub resolver, or traffic FROM the stub resolver to your
upstream nameserver.

If you have pcap showing the problem, please attach it.

If you're not sure what I'm talking about, then you should do:

$ sudo systemctl edit systemd-resolved

and in the file editor it opens, add this content:


[Service]
Environment=SYSTEMD_LOG_LEVEL=debug


then save the file and reboot.

then try looking up your host again (using the local stub resolver of
course).

Gather the resolved logs and attach or paste them here.

$ journalctl -b -u systemd-resolved --no-pager

-- 
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Touch seeded packages, which is subscribed to systemd in Ubuntu.
https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1886128

Title:
  systemd-resolved does not resolve address due to udp payload size.

Status in systemd package in Ubuntu:
  Incomplete

Bug description:
  Description:  Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS
  Release:      18.04

  systemd-resolve --version

  systemd 237
  +PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +IMA +APPARMOR +SMACK +SYSVINIT +UTMP +LIBCRYPTSETUP
  +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +ACL +XZ +LZ4 +SECCOMP +BLKID +ELFUTILS +KMOD -IDN2 +IDN
  -PCRE2 default-hierarchy=hybrid

  We met an error: on an attempt to resolve address, the following issue
  appears:

  ; <<>> DiG 9.11.3-1ubuntu1.11-Ubuntu <<>> 
mharder-formrec.cognitiveservices.azure.com
  ;; global options: +cmd
  ;; Got answer:
  ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: SERVFAIL, id: 44096
  ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1

  ;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
  ; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 65494
  ;; QUESTION SECTION:
  ;mharder-formrec.cognitiveservices.azure.com. IN      A

  ;; Query time: 231 msec
  ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.53#53(127.0.0.53)
  ;; WHEN: Tue Apr 28 20:47:14 UTC 2020
  ;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 72

  Let me provide you important notes about the issue:
  1) It's not reproducing on Ubuntu 16;
  2) Bypassing systemd-resolve - everything works fine;
  3) Only the difference between systemd-resolve and END is UDP_PAYLOAD_SIZE

  Successful query:

  1135    16:27:25.964386 10.1.0.4        168.63.129.16   DNS     128
  Standard query 0xc2d4 A mharder-formrec.cognitiveservices.azure.com
  OPT

  Domain Name System (query)
      Transaction ID: 0xc2d4
      Flags: 0x0120 Standard query
          0... .... .... .... = Response: Message is a query
          .000 0... .... .... = Opcode: Standard query (0)
          .... ..0. .... .... = Truncated: Message is not truncated
          .... ...1 .... .... = Recursion desired: Do query recursively
          .... .... .0.. .... = Z: reserved (0)
          .... .... ..1. .... = AD bit: Set
          .... .... ...0 .... = Non-authenticated data: Unacceptable
      Questions: 1
      Answer RRs: 0
      Authority RRs: 0
      Additional RRs: 1
      Queries
          mharder-formrec.cognitiveservices.azure.com: type A, class IN
      Additional records
          <Root>: type OPT
              Name: <Root>
              Type: OPT (41)
              UDP payload size: 4096
              Higher bits in extended RCODE: 0x00
              EDNS0 version: 0
              Z: 0x0000
                  0... .... .... .... = DO bit: Cannot handle DNSSEC security 
RRs
                  .000 0000 0000 0000 = Reserved: 0x0000
              Data length: 12
              Option: COOKIE
  Unsuccessful query:

  1128    16:27:25.713886 10.1.0.4        168.63.129.16   DNS     116
  Standard query 0x198d A mharder-formrec.cognitiveservices.azure.com
  OPT

  Domain Name System (query)
      Transaction ID: 0x198d
      Flags: 0x0100 Standard query
          0... .... .... .... = Response: Message is a query
          .000 0... .... .... = Opcode: Standard query (0)
          .... ..0. .... .... = Truncated: Message is not truncated
          .... ...1 .... .... = Recursion desired: Do query recursively
          .... .... .0.. .... = Z: reserved (0)
          .... .... ...0 .... = Non-authenticated data: Unacceptable
      Questions: 1
      Answer RRs: 0
      Authority RRs: 0
      Additional RRs: 1
      Queries
          mharder-formrec.cognitiveservices.azure.com: type A, class IN
      Additional records
          <Root>: type OPT
              Name: <Root>
              Type: OPT (41)
              UDP payload size: 512
              Higher bits in extended RCODE: 0x00
              EDNS0 version: 0
              Z: 0x0000
                  0... .... .... .... = DO bit: Cannot handle DNSSEC security 
RRs
                  .000 0000 0000 0000 = Reserved: 0x0000
              Data length: 0
  Notable difference:

  Success:
              UDP payload size: 4096

  Failure:
              UDP payload size: 512
  And notable differences in the responses:

  Success:
      Flags: 0x8180 Standard query response, No error
          .... ..0. .... .... = Truncated: Message is not truncated

  Failure:
      Flags: 0x8380 Standard query response, No error
          .... ..1. .... .... = Truncated: Message is truncated

  Interestingly, systemd-resolved is setting the maximum payload size to 512 
regardless of whether EDNS0 is configured and regardless of what is sent to it 
for the payload size.
  I tried to found a way to change UDP_PAYLOAD_SIZE,but it seems it is only 
possible to change it only with direct code modifications.

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