Can anyone tell me if the new CISPR 16-2 is published? I'm studying 
section 9 CISPR 16-1987. Not sure if I understand the difference 
between acceptance probability and confidence. Do you mind explaining
it to me in a little detail? Or any other publications or papers discuss
this on-going compliance?

Now the target, dB margin:

If you have been bored by the topic, just stop here.

If your products go to Europe, you have to comply with clause 35 in
section 9, CISPR 16-1987. FCC does not define a statistic formula
but they do expect to see production variations in EMI. Assume 
we all follow this 80/80 rule. This is the first assumption. Then

/X + k Sn <= L or L - /X >= k Sn

where L - /X is the mean value of margin, Sn is the standard deviation
of emission level with sample size n, and k is the contant which makes
the formula satisfies the 80/80 rule. There are assumptions here as
well.

If we choose n = 5, then k is 1.51. This can be calculated. The formula
can be rewritten as,

margin >= 1.51 x standard emission level deviation

There are several components in the standard emission level deviation

1. EUT difference, components, shielding, etc.
2. Test setup difference, cable position, accessories, etc.
3. Site imperfection
4. Attenuator, temperature, time
5. Measurement errors
6. Atenna factor error

Give 1dB on each item, we have 6 dB. By careful design and the type of
product, it's possible to reduce it to 2 to 4 dB. So we need a margin
of 3 to 6 dB in order to comply with 80/80 requirement. There are many
variables in the calculation. By setting different values, you may have
many different results. It eventually becomes your business decision 
how much risk you want to take. There is one thing for sure. "Limit Is
Limit" does not comply.

Why can "Limit Is Limit" exist? Because some authorities does not take
limit as limit, and chances are that you won't be picked. Just like 
you won't be stopped when you drive at 60 mph in NJ (55 limit here).
It would be nice if someone can analyze the risk a little bit further.
By better understanding acceptance probability and confidence, we may
be in a better position.

More than two years ago, I put a message in TREG saying it's not fair
requesting 6 dB margin and agreed with "Limit is Limit". 

Anyway, if any of the assumptions I made is not realistic, please do
point out. Thanks.

Regards,
Tom
http://www.rcic.com

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