First, locate the encrypted filesystem you need to verify:
sudo blkid | grep mapper
/dev/mapper/050root: LABEL="***" UUID="***" TYPE="xfs"
/dev/mapper/luks-***: LABEL="***" UUID="***" TYPE="xfs"
sudo lsblk | grep dm
Then, make sure the filesystem is not mounted and depending on what that
filesystem is you verify for errors.
Some examples:
for xfs
sudo xfs_check -s /dev/mapper/***
for ext*
sudo e2fsck -fC 0 /dev/dev/mapper/***
As for your root filesystem is just easier to use a live cd [boot, open
encryption, scan filesystem].
For ext* partitions you can set them to verify at boot at some interval.
#current frequency number and mount count
dumpe2fs -h /dev/sd*1 | grep -i 'mount count'
#number of mounts filestune2fs -c 3 ystem will be checked
tune2fs -c 3 /dev/sd*1
