You can't run a libre kernel on the Raspberrg Pi because it requires lots of firmware. It won't boot without proprietary software: the nonfree bootloader has to load a GPU 'blob' which then initialises the rest of the system functions. The GPU blob is not just firmware: its functions are very similar to a real OS. Your best bet is Pidora or Arch.Pidora seems to not be maintained (you should investigate further) but only includes the necessary nonfree stuff to boot and run the Pi, so this may be more desirable than Arch. You probably know the drill: it's an RPM based distribution, albeit a community one rather than officially supported by Fedora and Red Hat. Arch gets better support and can use packages from official Arch ARMv6hl packages (they actually support back to ARMv5!). Arch include nonfree programs in the repository but it is well optimised for the Pi's hardware, and almost all the distributions for the Pi have similar inclusions. Also try the Rasbian minimal image, and install and run vrms to ditch some firmware for wireless adapters etc. Note that stuff not in Debian nonfree repo (Pi specific proprietary software such as Minecraft and Matlab etc) won't be picked up by vrms. I also found Rasbian considerably more unreliable than Arch, due to the inclusion of things like Oracle Java and the Pi specific proprietary software which can sometimes conflict or misbehave for unknown reasons.
It's also possible to run Debian armel with custom kernel.
Try Pidora, but if you are going for another distribution then go for Arch over Rasbian.
SuSE also has a port, although is similar to Pidora.

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