Your examples are patents on software or processes. No doubt those patents (illegal in most jurisdictions: in the EU, in China, in India, in Brazil, etc.) work against innovation. However, I am not sure that statement can be generalized to any type of patent. In fact, patents were introduced as an alternative to industrial secret, so that knowledge is spread across the whole society after twenty years of monopoly. And patents on physical systems are to be specific and worded in precise terms (e.g., the "best mode" in US patents).

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