The main challenge to replacing Google Earth is not the software, but the mapping data and satellite images. OpenStreetMap have done a good job of crowdsourcing map data for a libre Google Maps replacement, and their site becomes more useful all the time. Activists in some countries have convinced their governments to release the mapping data they hold, on behalf of the public, under a license compatible with OSM. For example, all the data in OSM for Aotearoa (NZ) where I live is official government supplied mapping data.

So mapping data is a relatively solved problem, but to create a libre replacement for Google Earth, we would need to find suppliers of satellite imagery who could be convinced to license it under a free culture license. It's not impossible, but it's a challenge. Are there are publicly-owned satellites that can create Earth images? Perhaps we could find a hip venture capitalist like Elon Musk whose company has satellites and would be willing to supply imagery for a Libre Earth?

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