还是 mutt 好,没有啥个心得

On Sunday, August 23, 2015, Justin Wong <[email protected]> wrote:

> 还是 mutt 好,待我写个心得
>
> On Sun, Aug 23, 2015 at 10:22 PM Wang Kang <[email protected]
> <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','[email protected]');>> wrote:
>
>> Hi, Tunas
>>
>> 向大家推荐一个邮件客户端: alpine
>>
>> 谁在用
>> ======
>>
>>   - [Linus Torvalds](
>> http://yarchive.net/comp/linux/stupid_mail_clients.html)
>>   - Yahoo 的前 CEO [Marissa Mayer](
>> http://googlesystem.blogspot.sg/2006/03/marissa-mayer-prefers-pine-to-gmail.html
>> )
>>   - CERN <
>> https://espace.cern.ch/mmmservices-help/AccessingYourMailbox/Alpine/Pages/default.aspx
>> >
>>   - 美利坚合众国各大学都默认提供了Pine/Alpine的配置教程
>>
>>
>> 优点
>> ====
>>
>>   - 历史悠久,从Unix时代就一直在广泛使用,GNU/Nano 即是从 alpine 的前身 pine 中的默认编辑器 pico 派生的
>>   - 不折腾,开箱即用,调一下喜欢的配色即可
>>   - 所有配置都在一个 TUI 界面里集中配置
>>   - 不可定制快捷键,但快捷键久经考验,越用感觉越科学,适合快捷键选择恐惧症的人使用
>>   - 对 IMAP 的支持比较科学
>>   - 与 BBS 的操作非常相似
>>   - 原生支持 S/MIME
>>   - 原生支持 LDAP 通讯录,并支持 .addressbook 形式的本地通讯录,且可以将其存储于远程 IMAP 目录内
>>   - 配置文件可以写入远程 IMAP 文件夹,从而实现配置漫游
>>   - alpine 内部可以改 /etc/passwd 里的密码. 可以在 Server 上开设默认 Shell 为 alpine
>> 的账户,专门用于查收邮件
>>   - 支持锁屏,特别适合开在 VPS 的 Tmux/Screen 上
>>
>>
>> 不足
>> ====
>>
>>   - 不可定制快捷键,例如不支持j,k上下 ( 但是体验一下互联网远古时代的习惯也挺好 ._. )
>>   - 原生不支持 OpenPGP,但是可以通过 <TODO> 软件支持
>>   - 默认不识别 GB18030 编码,接收来自 QQ 邮箱的邮件可能会不识别。但是我已经向上游提交了一个Patch,维护者正在进行修复
>>   - 不支持 LDAPs (636端口, SSL)
>>   - 不支持通过外部 IMAP 同步工具如 offlineimap 或 mbsync ,但貌似有人可以实现,目前我没有跟进此事
>>   - 部分由 Outlook 网页版邮箱发出的邮件以QP编码(一堆等号的那种),中文识别起来貌似有问题
>>
>> 上手
>> ====
>>
>> 由于其它的教程都已经年久失修,而且University of Washington已经不维护alpine了。
>> 目前项目是由 Eduardo Chappa <[email protected]
>> <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','[email protected]');>> 个人在维护。
>> 网址是<http://patches.freeiz.com/alpine/>,而且上面有不少教程。
>>
>> 在主界面依次按下 `M` `S` `C` 进入配置界面,
>>
>>      imap.gmail.com:993/ssl/[email protected]
>>
>>      smtp.gmail.com:587/tls/[email protected]
>>
>> 设置默认发送者: (否则它可能会尝试以你的 Linux 用户名@邮箱域名来尝试发送)
>>
>>      Customized Headers = From: 那谁 <[email protected]
>> <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','[email protected]');>>
>>
>> 完!
>>
>> 仍然不开心的话,可以调整一下配色: 依次按下 `M` `S` `K`。
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> Tips
>> =====
>>
>>   - 在任意输入框内按下 Ctrl + G 可以查看帮助,帮助在手,天下我有。
>>   - S键: 存储并从原邮箱删除邮件
>>   - 搜索: W 键
>>   - Ctrl + L 刷新屏幕,同时会检查收件箱
>>   - `A` 键: 切换HTML/PlainText显示
>>   - 多选: 按冒号 `:` 键,然后按 `A` (Apply) 键应用
>>   - `;` 键可以按条件选择,然后再按 `A` 来做操作
>>   - 颜色配置中`HEADER COLORS`里按 A 键,可以加入如`From` `Cc`等字段进行颜色配置
>>   - 空格键下翻,减号 `-` 上翻
>>   - `<` 键退回到上一级,但发现不按 Shift 键效果一样
>>   - 显示新邮件数量: 把以下三个都勾上 `Enable Incoming Folders Collection` `Enable
>> Incoming Folders Checking` `Incoming Checking Includes Total`,然后在 List
>> 中把想要看的目录按 A 键加进来。
>>   - 用搜索引擎搜索问题的时候,`alpine`的结果可能会比较少,可以用`pine`做为关键词
>>   - 可以使用外部的编辑器如 `vim`,按 `Ctrl + _` 来切换成外部编辑器。( 不按 Shift 键也可以)
>>   - `|` 键可以把邮件的内容 pipe 到另一个程序
>>   - 可以结合终端 ASCII 看图软件 cacaview (位于 caca-utils
>> 包里),来预览邮件附件的照片。可以把你的终端字符使劲缩小,从而达到提高分辨率的效果
>>   - Inbox Zero 原则: 养成定时清空 Inbox 的好习惯
>>
>>
>> 更多的 Tips ,可以参考 <
>> http://patches.freeiz.com/alpine/alpine-info/tips/index.html>
>>
>> 我当前的一些小调整
>> =================
>>
>>      default-fcc={imap.gmail.com:993/ssl/[email protected]}Sent
>> <http://imap.gmail.com:993/ssl/[email protected]%7DSent>
>>      feature-list=enable-background-sending,
>>                enable-delivery-status-notification,
>>                convert-dates-to-localtime,
>>                compose-cancel-confirm-uses-yes,
>>                no-enable-alternate-editor-implicitly,
>>                enable-8bit-esmtp-negotiation,
>>                combined-folder-display,
>>                expanded-view-of-folders,
>>                vertical-folder-list,
>>                prefer-plain-text,
>>                combined-subdirectory-display,
>>                no-try-alternative-authentication-driver-first,
>>                enable-lame-list-mode,
>>                no-quell-imap-envelope-update,
>>                no-expose-hidden-config,
>>                no-enable-verbose-smtp-posting,
>>                quell-user-lookup-in-passwd-file,
>>                allow-changing-from,
>>                single-column-folder-list,
>>                quell-empty-directories,
>>                incoming-checking-includes-total,
>>                enable-incoming-folders-checking,
>>                enable-incoming-folders,
>>                no-incoming-checking-uses-recent
>>
>>      customized-hdrs=From: Your Name <[email protected]
>> <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','[email protected]');>>
>>
>>      editor=vim
>>
>>      disable-these-authenticators=EXTERNAL #阿里云邮专用
>>      color-style=force-xterm-256color
>>
>>
>>
>> ### 阿里云邮的 IMAP 认证问题
>>
>> 已知阿里云邮的 IMAP 服务器的`CAPABILITY`输出有问题, 导致 alpine 去尝试使用 `AUTHENTICATE
>> EXTERNAL` 认证方式,从而失败。
>>
>> 对策: 调出 alpine 的隐藏配置`[X]  Expose Hidden Config`,把`EXTERNAL`加到禁用列表里。
>>
>>      # List of SASL authenticators to disable.
>>      disable-these-authenticators=EXTERNAL
>>
>> 我当时用于调试的主要命令有:
>>
>>      $ openssl s_client -connect imap.gmail.com:993 -crlf
>>       0 CAPABILITY
>>       1 LOGIN
>>
>>      $ alpine -d4
>>      $ less ~/.pine-debug
>>
>>
>> ### 阿里云邮的 SMTP 问题
>>
>> 发送时出现:
>>
>>      >Mail not sent. Sending error: 440 mail from account doesn't conform
>> with authentication (Auth Account:<
>>
>>
>> 调试过程:
>>
>>      $ alpine -d4
>>      $ cat .pine-debug1
>>
>>
>> 发现`MAIL FROM`字段有问题:
>>
>>      IMAP DEBUG 03:14:17 8/22: MAIL FROM:<[email protected]
>> <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','[email protected]');>> BODY=8BITMIME
>>      IMAP DEBUG 03:14:17 8/22: 440 mail from account doesn't conform with
>> authentication (Auth Account:[email protected]
>> <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','Account:[email protected]');>|M
>>
>>
>> 于是手动加上
>>
>>      Customized Headers                = From: 王康(五达) <
>> [email protected]
>> <javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','[email protected]');>>
>>
>>
>> 参考链接
>> ========
>>
>>   - 活跃的开发页面 <http://patches.freeiz.com/alpine/>
>>   - [CERN的Alpine配置说明](
>> https://espace.cern.ch/mmmservices-help/AccessingYourMailbox/Alpine/Pages/default.aspx
>> )
>>   - Git 仓库: <http://repo.or.cz/alpine.git>
>>   - <http://accc.uic.edu/answer/how-do-i-use-pine-alpine-googleapps>
>>   - <http://www.ii.com/internet/messaging/pine/pc/>
>>
>> 附: GB18030 的 Patch
>> ====================
>>
>>          diff --git a/alpine-2.10+dfsg/imap/src/c-client/utf8.c
>> b/alpine-2.10+dfsg/imap/src/c-client/utf8.c
>>          index 8fda7ff..2f15d06 100644
>>          --- a/alpine-2.10+dfsg/imap/src/c-client/utf8.c
>>          +++ b/alpine-2.10+dfsg/imap/src/c-client/utf8.c
>>          @@ -170,6 +170,9 @@ static const CHARSET utf8_csvalid[] = {
>>              (void *) &gb_param,SC_CHINESE_SIMPLIFIED,"GBK"},
>>             {"CN-GB",CT_DBYTE,CF_DISPLAY,
>>                (void *) &gb_param,SC_CHINESE_SIMPLIFIED,"GBK"},
>>          +// added by scateu @ 2015-08-22
>>          +  {"GB18030",CT_DBYTE,CF_DISPLAY,
>>          +     (void *) &gb_param,SC_CHINESE_SIMPLIFIED,"GBK"},
>>           #ifdef CNS1TOUNICODE
>>             {"ISO-2022-CN",CT_2022,CF_PRIMARY | CF_UNSUPRT,
>>                NIL,SC_CHINESE_SIMPLIFIED | SC_CHINESE_TRADITIONAL,
>>
>>
>> --
>> Wang Kang
>> Blog: http://scateu.me
>> Fingerprint: 011F 0492 97D6 5D75 8AC4  6458 D43F 3CE2 3353 B7BD
>>
>> --
>>
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> --
> Justin Wong
>
> --
>
> ---
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-- 
Regards,
Aron Xu

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