Dear Joe:

            First, I should like to congratulate you on fathering a 
beautiful baby.  Your book  " Reasoning About Uncertainty,"  is 
outstanding in all respects.  My hat off to you.  I have not seen the 
papers referred  to in your message and naturally am curious about how 
you would handle my "raincoats"  example.  Specifically, the question is 
to what degree the increase in advertising causes the  increase in 
sales. Is causality a bivalent concept in your approach?  If it is, then 
I cannot see how you can address what is usually the case, namely, an 
event is caused by a multiplicity of other events, some visible and some 
not.

            With warm regards.

                                  Sincerely,

                                          Lotfi

P.S. It is hard to formalize what sits in our heads when what sits in 
our heads is hard to fathom.  This is the problem with  formalization of 
causality .

-- 
Lotfi A. Zadeh
Professor in the Graduate School, Computer Science Division
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
University of California
Berkeley, CA 94720 -1776
Director, Berkeley Initiative in Soft Computing (BISC)

Address:
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