I encountered this problem after upgrade from 12.04to 12.10.

It has prevented Software Updates and Software Centre from working.
Synpactic gives an error.

The problem appears to be related to two things: /root partition being
full; and/or CPU being non-PAE.

The /root partition problem has been occurring periodically since
installing 12.04 six months ago. This problem has not arisen before, in
five years of using Ubuntu on this machine. What was different with this
install was i) encrypted LVM and ii) separate partitions for /home /root
/tmp /usr /var, using defaults offered during installation. Xubuntu has
since periodically reported errors derived from the /root partition
being full. This last occurred the day before the upgrade. I solved the
problem by removing all unused linux kernel images - all but the last
single most recent linux kernel - keeping also the generic image. This
problem has been irritating. On the one hand, the default partitioning
should have created a /root partition of a size that doesn't fill up so
quickly. On the other hand, the O/S should do its own house-keeping and
not leave me to scrap the abandoned linux images that periodically spill
over.

Now error on upgrading from 12.04 to 12.10:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
could not install 
'/var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.5.0-27-generic_3.5.0-27.46_i386.deb'
The upgrade will continue but the 
'/var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.5.0-27-generic_3.5.0-27.46_i386.deb' 
package may not be in a working state. Please consider submitting a bug report 
about it.
subprocess new pre-installation script returned error exit status 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

...later during installation...

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Could not install 'linux-image-3.5.0-27-generic' may not be in a working state. 
Please consider submitting a bug report about it.
no package named 'linux-image-3.5.0-27-generic' is installed, cannot configure

Items cannot be installed or removed until the package catalogue is
repaired. Do you want to repair it now?

Once update manager has finished the repairs you can close it and return
to the Software Centre.

installArchives() failed: (Reading database ... 
(Reading database ... 5%
(Reading database ... 10%
(Reading database ... 15%
(Reading database ... 20%
(Reading database ... 25%
(Reading database ... 30%
(Reading database ... 35%
(Reading database ... 40%
(Reading database ... 45%
(Reading database ... 50%
(Reading database ... 55%
(Reading database ... 60%
(Reading database ... 65%
(Reading database ... 70%
(Reading database ... 75%
(Reading database ... 80%
(Reading database ... 85%
(Reading database ... 90%
(Reading database ... 95%
(Reading database ... 100%
(Reading database ... 260026 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking linux-image-3.5.0-27-generic (from 
.../linux-image-3.5.0-27-generic_3.5.0-27.46_i386.deb) ...
This kernel does not support a non-PAE CPU.
dpkg: error processing 
/var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.5.0-27-generic_3.5.0-27.46_i386.deb 
(--unpack):
 subprocess new pre-installation script returned error exit status 1
Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d .
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 3.5.0-27-generic 
/boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-27-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 3.5.0-27-generic 
/boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-27-generic
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.5.0-27-generic_3.5.0-27.46_i386.deb
Error in function: 
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-generic:
 linux-image-generic depends on linux-image-3.5.0-27-generic; however:
  Package linux-image-3.5.0-27-generic is not installed.

dpkg: error processing linux-image-generic (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-generic:
 linux-generic depends on linux-image-generic; however:
  Package linux-image-generic is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing linux-generic (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of 
linux-image-extra-3.5.0-27-generic:
 linux-image-extra-3.5.0-27-generic depends on linux-image-3.5.0-27-generic; 
however:
  Package linux-image-3.5.0-27-generic is not installed.

dpkg: error processing linux-image-extra-3.5.0-27-generic (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

I ran the software updater, as requested. It suggested updates that
included complete install of complete generic linux kernel and headers.

Changes for the versions:
Installed version: 3.5.0.27.43
Available version: 3.5.0.28.44

Version 3.5.0.28.44:

And associated files, such as Generic Linux Kernel Headers:

Changes for the versions:
Installed version: 3.5.0.27.43
Available version: 3.5.0.28.44

Version 3.5.0.28.44:

And:

Linux kernel image for version 3.5.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
linux-image-3.5.0-28-generic (New Install) (Size: 11.7MB)

And so on.

But Software Updater gave an error:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The package system is broken
If you are using third party repositories then disable them, since they are a 
common source of problems.
Now run the following command in a terminal: apt-get install -f

Details:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:

linux-image-extra-3.5.0-27-generic: Depends: linux-image-3.5.0-27-generic but 
it is not installed
linux-image-generic: Depends: linux-image-3.5.0-27-generic but it is not 
installed
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

I sent a crash report. Tried reporting the bug using: ubuntu-bug linux
But it gave an error:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The problem cannot be reported:

This is not an official Ubuntu package. Please remove any third party package 
and try again.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Synaptic Package Manager, on starting up, gave the following error:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You have 2 broken packages on your system!

Use the "Broken" filter to locate them.

Could not find a "broken" filter. So used "Fix broken packages". Synaptic 
reported: "Successfully fixed dependency problems!".
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

On 'Apply', Synaptic said it was going to make the following changes:
To be installed:
linux-image-3.5.0-27-generic
linux-image-3.5.0-28-generic
linux-image-extra-3.5.0-28-generic
Unchanged:
linux-generic
linux-headers-generic
linux-image-generic
linux-libc-dev

Synaptic gave the following error:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
E: /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.5.0-27-generic_3.5.0-27.46_i386.deb: 
subprocess new pre-installation script returned error exit status 1
E: /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.5.0-28-generic_3.5.0-28.48_i386.deb: 
subprocess new pre-installation script returned error exit status 1
E: 
/var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-extra-3.5.0-28-generic_3.5.0-28.48_i386.deb:
 cannot copy extracted data for 
'./lib/modules/3.5.0-28-generic/kernel/drivers/scsi/lpfc/lpfc.ko' to 
'/lib/modules/3.5.0-28-generic/kernel/drivers/scsi/lpfc/lpfc.ko.dpkg-new': 
failed to write (No space left on device)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

df -h includes the following output:

/dev/mapper/user-root  322M  285M   21M  94% /

This is after a fresh upgrade, done immediately after clearing old linux
images out. Nothing else has been installed or upgraded since.

uname -a

Linux Gonzo 3.2.0-40-generic #64-Ubuntu SMP Mon Mar 25 21:22:26 UTC 2013
i686 i686 i686 GNU/Linux

version_sigature

Ubuntu 3.2.0-40.64-generic 3.2.40

(Cannot add output of dmesg or lspci because Launchpad <Add attachment
or patch> not working. It gives the following error: "Request-URI Too
Large. The requested URL's length exceeds the capacity limit for this
server. Apache/2.2.14 (Ubuntu) Server at api.launchpad.net Port 443".

On reporting the error, Launchpad lost everything I had put in the
comment box. So I am do it all again. I really do have to get to work.
Can someone fix this Launchpad error - i.e. if there's an error, it
should at least allow me to go back to my report).

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1168866

Title:
  upgrade could not install linux image

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