Public bug reported:

System Version:

  Description:  Ubuntu 13.10
  Release:      13.10

Java Version:

  java version "1.7.0_51"
  OpenJDK Runtime Environment (IcedTea 2.4.4) (7u51-2.4.4-0ubuntu0.13.10.1)
  OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.45-b08, mixed mode)

openjdk-7-jdk:
  Installed: 7u51-2.4.4-0ubuntu0.13.10.1
  Candidate: 7u51-2.4.4-0ubuntu0.13.10.1
  Version table:
 *** 7u51-2.4.4-0ubuntu0.13.10.1 0
        500 http://au.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ saucy-updates/main amd64 
Packages
        500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ saucy-security/main amd64 
Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     7u25-2.3.12-4ubuntu3 0
        500 http://au.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ saucy/main amd64 Packages


Just using Intellij IDEA as an example, Just use following step to
reproduce the problem.

1) I did a fresh installation of Ubuntu 13.10 64-bit Desktop, choose Simplified 
Chinese (简体中文) as system language;
2) install openjdk 7 by : sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk
3) Download IntelliJ IDEA from http://www.jetbrains.com/idea/
4) Create a new project, and create a new file with name either be Chinese, 
Japanese or Korean, as example, you can copy & paste the following strings to 
test it:

中文文件名
日本語のファイル名
한국어 파일 이름

5) During the input, you will notice the CJK characters a become a slim box, no 
character showed
6) After the file creation, the project explorer will display all the CJK 
characters as slim boxes. The screenshot is on the link

http://tinypic.com/r/2mg1q1x/8

7) You can go Settings -> Appearances -> to Override the default font by
any one of {serif, sansserif, monospaced, dialog, dialoginput}, such as:

http://tinypic.com/r/4kfx1g/8

8) After that, the CJK characters can be shown correctly,

http://tinypic.com/r/m7uwyw/8


According to documentation, 
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/guides/intl/fontconfig.html , 
the search sequence for fonts should follow the font configuration files like 
fontconfig.properties, which might be wrong at some point. 

The expected behavior should be that whatever the font I choose, if it
doesn't provide the glyph for the character, it will try to search the
sequence, and find the first available font to render the character.
Apparently, the search is broken at some point, so only 'slim box'
showed for CJK characters.

This is a bug exists for several years, affected both openjdk-6 and 7,
and at least since Ubuntu 10.10.

** Affects: openjdk-7 (Ubuntu)
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: New

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1274495

Title:
  Cannot display Chinese, Japanese, Korean characters if choosing font
  other than five LogicalFontName

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