Public bug reported:

The following bash script will fail randomly on trusty but when tested
on saucy it worked all the time. On the system we test we have kvm
installed and the if statement should evaluate to false and we should
see ten PASS lines and no Error. And this should happen all the time.

======
#!/bin/bash 

set -eu
set -o pipefail

if ! lsmod | grep -q -e ^kvm_intel -e ^kvm_amd ; then
    echo 'Error: check that virtualisation is enabled in your BIOS'
else
    echo "PASS"
fi
=======

As can be seen if I run it 10 times I get 2 PASS and 8 failures

=======
kerrin@kerrin-HP-Z620-Workstation:~/ce_build$ for i in $(seq 0 9) ; do bash 
test-simple.bash ; done
PASS
PASS
Error: check that virtualisation is enabled in your BIOS
Error: check that virtualisation is enabled in your BIOS
Error: check that virtualisation is enabled in your BIOS
Error: check that virtualisation is enabled in your BIOS
Error: check that virtualisation is enabled in your BIOS
Error: check that virtualisation is enabled in your BIOS
Error: check that virtualisation is enabled in your BIOS
Error: check that virtualisation is enabled in your BIOS
=======

Now if I turn off the pipefail then the script passes all the time and
just prints out 10 PASS lines.

The script uses bash, grep and lsmod and I have the following versions
on trusty of them

kerrin@kerrin-HP-Z620-Workstation:~/ce_build$ dpkg -l | grep bash
ii  bash                                                  4.3-7ubuntu1.5        
                              amd64        GNU Bourne Again SHell
ii  bash-completion                                       1:2.1-4               
                              all          programmable completion for the bash 
shell
ii  command-not-found                                     0.3ubuntu12           
                              all          Suggest installation of packages in 
interactive bash sessions
kerrin@kerrin-HP-Z620-Workstation:~/ce_build$ dpkg -l | grep grep
ii  grep                                                  2.16-1                
                              amd64        GNU grep, egrep and fgrep
kerrin@kerrin-HP-Z620-Workstation:~/ce_build$ dpkg -l | grep kmod
ii  kmod                                                  15-0ubuntu6           
                              amd64        tools for managing Linux kernel 
modules
ii  libkmod2:amd64                                        15-0ubuntu6           
                              amd64        libkmod shared library
ii  module-init-tools                                     15-0ubuntu6           
                              all          transitional dummy package 
(module-init-tools to kmod)

** Affects: bash (Ubuntu)
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: Confirmed

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1394136

Title:
  if statement with pipe to grep randomly fails if pipefail is set

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