As Kristen mentions in post 18, the CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS MSR is
saying that the frequency is reduced below the operating system request
due to PBM (Power Budget Management) limit. It seems odd that in such a
reduced power consumption state the bit is still asserted.

Note that whenever the actual clock is below what has been asked for,
the intel_pstate driver will drive down and ask for the lowest pstate,
regardless of load. This is fundamental to the current control
algorithm. The acpi-cpufreq frequency scaling driver doesn't have this
problem, conceivably somewhat masking this issue. (not sure in this
case. I.E. I am not sure if the frequency is locked at  37.5% of the
minimum pstate regardless, or 37.5% of requested pstate. The performance
mode test mentioned in the description would tend to indicate the
former. One way to test is to force the use of the acpi-cpufreq driver
by disabling the intel_pstate driver).

Myself, I would keep track of both what is being asked for and what the
processor is actually giving. Example (on an older i7):

What is being asked for (the system is idle and min freq is 1.6 GHz):
# rdmsr --bitfield 15:8 -d -a 0x199
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16

What the processor is actually giving (pstate 24 What? (I created a known issue 
for dramatic effect)):
# rdmsr --bitfield 15:8 -d -a 0x198
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1480349

Title:
  Intel Microcode Breaks frequency scaling in Xeon® E5-2687W v3 &
  E5-1650 v3

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