** Description changed:

  15.10/16.04 amd64
  
  With the Linux kernel's "debug" parameter set systemd spams the logs to
  such a degree that boot fails with the plymouth progress indicator
  constantly cycling, only tty1 available, and no clear indication from
  the last messages displayed on console as to why.
- 
- It's not even clear if the system has transitioned from initrd to rootfs
- at this point and there's no way to interact. Certainly no log file
- residues are found on subsequent non-debug boots which infers the hang
- may be during initrd.
  
  Leaving aside the unresolved bug of systemd adopting the Linux 'debug'
  parameter, and thus being the direct cause of this, the complete failure
  to boot as a result is a serious regression and a Denial of Service.
  Needing to alter the Linux command-line to use "loglevel=7" is a
  distasteful workaround.
  
  A boot without "debug" using the same GRUB menuitem starts fine which
  suggests the systemd debug-level logging is the direct cause.
+ 
+ Orignally it was not even clear if the system has transitioned from
+ initrd to rootfs at this point as there's no way to interact.
+ 
+ Later systemic tests showed the transition had occurred and
+ /var/log/syslog contained some clues:
+ 
+ $ grep 'No buffer space' /tmp/syslog-debug.log  | wc -l
+ 103
+ 
+ E.g.:
+ 
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion whoopsie[1500]: [07:36:38] 
GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.ServiceUnknown: The name 
org.freedesktop.Netwo
+ rkManager was not provided by any .service files
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: thermald.service: Failed to send unit 
change signal for thermald.service: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: grub-common.service: Failed to send 
unit change signal for grub-common.service: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: whoopsie.service: Failed to send unit 
change signal for whoopsie.service: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: rsyslog.service: Failed to send unit 
change signal for rsyslog.service: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: ofono.service: Failed to send unit 
change signal for ofono.service: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: dbus.socket: Failed to send unit 
change signal for dbus.socket: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: dbus.service: Failed to send unit 
change signal for dbus.service: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: systemd-logind.service: Failed to 
send unit change signal for systemd-logind.service: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: smartd.service: Failed to send unit 
change signal for smartd.service: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: ModemManager.service: Failed to send 
unit change signal for ModemManager.service: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion NetworkManager[1559]: <info>  NetworkManager 
(version 1.0.4) is starting...
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: accounts-daemon.service: Failed to 
send unit change signal for accounts-daemon.service: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion NetworkManager[1559]: <info>  Read config: 
/etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: gpu-manager.service: Failed to send 
unit change signal for gpu-manager.service: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: binfmt-support.service: Failed to 
send unit change signal for binfmt-support.service: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: cups.socket: Failed to send unit 
change signal for cups.socket: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: cups.service: Failed to send unit 
change signal for cups.service: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: basic.target: Failed to send unit 
change signal for basic.target: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: sockets.target: Failed to send unit 
change signal for sockets.target: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: Failed to send job change signal for 
144: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: Failed to send job change signal for 
169: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: Failed to send job change signal for 
139: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: Failed to send job change signal for 
196: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: Failed to send job change signal for 
152: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: Failed to send job change signal for 
172: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: Failed to send job change signal for 
170: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: Failed to send job change signal for 
164: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: Failed to send job change signal for 
190: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: Failed to send job change signal for 
174: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: Failed to send job change signal for 
165: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: Failed to send job change signal for 
146: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: Failed to send job change signal for 
126: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: Failed to send job change signal for 
201: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: Failed to send job change signal for 
204: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: Failed to send job change signal for 
166: No buffer space available
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: var-lib-lxcfs.mount: Changed dead -> 
mounted
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: run-cgmanager-fs.mount: Changed dead 
-> mounted
+ Jun  6 07:36:38 hephaestion systemd[1]: run-cgmanager-fs.mount: Failed to 
send unit change signal for run-cgmanager-fs.mount: No buffer space available

** Summary changed:

- "debug" kernel parameter causes Denial of Service
+ "debug" kernel parameter causes "No buffer space available"  Denial of Service

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1589394

Title:
  "debug" kernel parameter causes "No buffer space available"  Denial of
  Service

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