[TL;DR:  Bash developer Chet Ramey claimed in 2015 that this is a
documentation bug.  Then, in 2016, a documentation patch has been
proposed to (and possibly accepted by?) Debian.]

On 16 Sep 2016, Chet Ramey released version 4.4 of bash.  This inspired
me to check and see if this long standing issue has been fixed.  Here is
what I learned.

Debian bug # 343673 from 2005.
https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=343673

Debian bug # 516152 from 2009.
https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=516152

GNU Savannah bug #107950 from 2012.
https://savannah.gnu.org/support/index.php?107950

In 2015, Chet Ramey commented on the above Savannah bug report:

"Debian made that documentation error. If you compile with -DSYS_BASHRC,
it's always executed, as is ~/.bashrc (or the file specified with
--rcfile)"

In other words, Ramey claims this is a documentation bug.  I do not know
if -DSYS_BASHRC has only the one above effect, or if it also has other
effects as well.

In 2016, Tom Levy posted the following comment on Debian bug #516152
(see above link).

"Convincing Chet that the behaviour in Debian's documentation is preferable
to the current behaviour seems hard considering his 3-year response time.  I 
propose changing the documentation."

Levy also included a patch to Debian's bash man page.  The patch is
here:

https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?att=3;bug=516152;filename
=man-bashrc.diff.patch;msg=27

I am not an expert on the Debian development process, so I am unable to
determine if the patch has been accepted by Debian.

The patch does not appear to have been applied to the following file,
but this might not be the correct place to look for the patch.  (Again,
I am not a Debian expert.)

http://sources.debian.net/src/bash/4.4-1/doc/bash.1/

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/589496

Title:
  bash --rcfile does not behave as documented

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