Public bug reported:

After each reboot of my system systemd adds 127.0.0.53 to
/etc/resolv.conf, which breaks host name resolution, for example I can
no longer visit sites in Firefox and ping them by host name. I have to
manually add a working DNS server such as 8.8.8.8 (if it's not there)
and remove the 127.0.0.53 line to make DNS work again.

/etc/resolve.conf contents after reboot:

# Dynamic resolv.conf(5) file for glibc resolver(3) generated by resolvconf(8)
#     DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN
# 127.0.0.53 is the systemd-resolved stub resolver.
# run "systemd-resolve --status" to see details about the actual nameservers.

nameserver 127.0.0.53
nameserver 8.8.8.8

With this resolv.conf, systemd-resolve --status outputs:

Global
         DNS Servers: 8.8.8.8
          DNSSEC NTA: 10.in-addr.arpa
                      16.172.in-addr.arpa
                      168.192.in-addr.arpa
                      17.172.in-addr.arpa
                      18.172.in-addr.arpa
                      19.172.in-addr.arpa
                      20.172.in-addr.arpa
                      21.172.in-addr.arpa
                      22.172.in-addr.arpa
                      23.172.in-addr.arpa
                      24.172.in-addr.arpa
                      25.172.in-addr.arpa
                      26.172.in-addr.arpa
                      27.172.in-addr.arpa
                      28.172.in-addr.arpa
                      29.172.in-addr.arpa
                      30.172.in-addr.arpa
                      31.172.in-addr.arpa
                      corp
                      d.f.ip6.arpa
                      home
                      internal
                      intranet
                      lan
                      local
                      private
                      test

Link 2 (enp3s0)
      Current Scopes: none
       LLMNR setting: yes
MulticastDNS setting: no
      DNSSEC setting: no
    DNSSEC supported: no

but like I mentioned, DNS doesn't work even though it says 8.8.8.8 is
the DNS server, e.g. output of ping google.com:

ping: google.com: Name or service not known

ProblemType: Bug
DistroRelease: Ubuntu 18.04
Package: systemd 237-3ubuntu10.3
ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 4.15.0-34.37-lowlatency 4.15.18
Uname: Linux 4.15.0-34-lowlatency x86_64
NonfreeKernelModules: nvidia_modeset nvidia
ApportVersion: 2.20.9-0ubuntu7.3
Architecture: amd64
CurrentDesktop: GNOME
Date: Sun Sep 16 14:58:03 2018
InstallationDate: Installed on 2018-03-17 (182 days ago)
InstallationMedia: Ubuntu 18.04 LTS "Bionic Beaver" - Alpha amd64 (20180316)
Lsusb:
 Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
 Bus 001 Device 004: ID 1b80:b506 Afatech 
 Bus 001 Device 003: ID 09da:f613 A4Tech Co., Ltd. 
 Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0781:5567 SanDisk Corp. Cruzer Blade
 Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
MachineType: System manufacturer System Product Name
ProcKernelCmdLine: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-34-lowlatency 
root=UUID=19f4e829-52cc-4c6f-8221-24750af577f9 ro quiet splash nomodeset 
vt.handoff=1
SourcePackage: systemd
SystemdDelta:
 [EXTENDED]   /lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service → 
/lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service.d/debian.conf
 [EXTENDED]   /lib/systemd/system/user@.service → 
/lib/systemd/system/user@.service.d/timeout.conf
 
 2 overridden configuration files found.
UpgradeStatus: No upgrade log present (probably fresh install)
dmi.bios.date: 03/16/2017
dmi.bios.vendor: American Megatrends Inc.
dmi.bios.version: 3401
dmi.board.asset.tag: Default string
dmi.board.name: H110M-D
dmi.board.vendor: ASUSTeK COMPUTER INC.
dmi.board.version: Rev X.0x
dmi.chassis.asset.tag: Default string
dmi.chassis.type: 3
dmi.chassis.vendor: Default string
dmi.chassis.version: Default string
dmi.modalias: 
dmi:bvnAmericanMegatrendsInc.:bvr3401:bd03/16/2017:svnSystemmanufacturer:pnSystemProductName:pvrSystemVersion:rvnASUSTeKCOMPUTERINC.:rnH110M-D:rvrRevX.0x:cvnDefaultstring:ct3:cvrDefaultstring:
dmi.product.family: To be filled by O.E.M.
dmi.product.name: System Product Name
dmi.product.version: System Version
dmi.sys.vendor: System manufacturer

** Affects: systemd (Ubuntu)
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: New


** Tags: amd64 apport-bug bionic

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1792779

Title:
  DNS host name resolution doesn't work

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