usb_modeswitch did once upon a time check that a driver bound to the
dongles interface(s) and if not then it did a modeprobe of the option
serial driver. If it still didn't get option to bind then it added the
dongles usb id to option's new_id and if the driver bound then it asked
the user to report the usb id to usb kernel developers so that it could
be properly added to the driver.
There were too often conflicts between usb_modeswitch's driver loading and the
kernels driver loading so it was decided after discussions with among others
one of the modemmanager's developers to completely remove from usb_modeswitch
any check for driver binding and forcing of driver binding.
In short: usb_modeswitch is a userland switching utility which should leave the
task of loading drivers to the kernel and not interfere with that.
The driver checking/loading function was removed almost 3 years ago:
"Version 2.4.0, 2016/06/12
ATTENTION: All ad-hoc driver binding code (using new_id driver attribute)
removed - was a potential source of side effects and should now be
obsoleted by good kernel support for modems"
It seems that canonical doesn't agree and has re-introduced the driver
checking/loading in their own implementation of later usb_modeswitch
version.....
Regarding switching of E3531 with usb id 12d1:1f01 I can say that it is done
with the linux switch message given by Huawei. They intend this device to
become 12d1:14dc with a direct ethernet interface and no serial interfaces.
Huawei has different switch messages for Windows, Mac, linux, and since a few
years back also for Android.
Early Huawei Android builds did only have support for ppp serial dial-up so the
Android switch message brought up serial interfaces instead of net interfaces.
usb_modeswitch is also used in Android and has the Android switch message
included from version 2.5.1.
usb_modeswitch can globally use the Android message by setting
"HuaweiAltModeGlobal" in usb_modeswitch.conf or individually per modem by
setting "HuaweiAltMode" in the modem config file.
usb_modeswitch will continue to use the linux switch message for all Huawei
modems, it is up to the end user to either select the right modem for his
requirement (which often is serial ports for SMS operation) or to drop a new
modem config file into /etc/usb_modeswitch.d which will override the one
provided in /usr/share/usb_modeswitch.
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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1819362
Title:
HUAWEI E3531 HSPA+ USB Stick "please report the device ID to the Linux
USB developers"
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