The missing linux-update-symlinks script seems like it's supposed to
come from linux-base, which appears to exist with the same version
number (4.5ubuntu1~16.04.1), yet different contents, in xenial (no
linux-update-symlinks) and xenial-updates. It appears that this is
because 4.5ubuntu1 is getting picked up from xenial-security, but the
packages.ubuntu.com filelist isn't showing this; xenial actually seems
to debootstrap 4.0, not 4.5ubuntu1~16.04.1.

https://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/all/linux-base/filelist
https://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial-updates/all/linux-base/filelist
https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/xenial/+source/linux-base

So I *think* (just from first bit of this research, not from actually
trying a fix) it might as simple as the linux-base dependency in linux-
image-4.4.0-143 needing a version constraint >= 4.5, to force apt to
upgrade linux-base first. That certainly seems appropriate in any case,
as the script it's planning to call isn't in 4.0 package. The upgraded
package is seemingly available (from security or from xenial-updates),
but there's no constraint telling apt it must seek it out, and what it
already has meets the stated dependency so it's just proceeding with it.

As far as workarounds this theory might suggest, I'm not sure if there's
a way to get d-i to include xenial-updates in the debootstrap sources so
it would just get it the newer one in the first place (which would also
avoid the redundancy of downloading/installing old versions and then
immediately upgrading it). I had hoped that using `d-i pkgsel/upgrade
safe-upgrade` might be another way to get it to install the upgraded
linux-base before proceeding to the kernel, but it doesn't happen early
enough.

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1820755

Title:
  Netboot install fails due to linux-image-4.4.0-143-generic.postinst
  linux-update-symlinks not found

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